作文准备工作

精品文档精品文档..C6052材料表示举例关系的：例子：工作需要穿制服的好处Tobeginwith,therearecertainspecialoccupationswherepeoplemustwearuniforms.Forinstance,thepolicearealwaysrequiredtodressthemselvesinuniformsasaformofidentityandauthority. Itisoftenmandatoryforworkersinthepublicservicesectortowear thesameclothes, especially nursesforexample,nurseswhosewhitegarmentsgive them an image of cleanliness andprofessionalism.Anothergoodcaseinpointisfactoryemployeeswhoworkonassemblylines-----theiruniforms,sometimesincludingahelmetandotherprotectivepieces,aredesignedforsafetyreasons1)表示递进关系的：例子：Themuseumconservemanykindsofrareculturalrelics.Furthermore,theyprovideaperfectplaceforhistorianstoconductresearch.Oneofthemainreasonswhyimmigrantsshouldacceptthenewcultureisthatthisisthequickestandeasiestwayforthemtosettledowninaforeigncountry.instance,lookingforaccommodationmightbeaverycomplicatedmatteriftheyarenotfamiliarwithlocallifestyles.Moreover,thosewhohavenoideaofthecorporatecultureofthenewcountrywouldencounterenormousdifficultiesinfindingadecentjob.表示因果关系的：例子：1）：1）：Theecologicalproblemsarebeingaggravated;therefore,itisimperative（势在必行，必要的）thatwetakemeasurestocombatthepollutionofthewetakemeasurestocombatthepollutionoftheenvironment.environment.2）：Peoplepayattentiontomediaconstantly.2）：Peoplepayattentiontomediaconstantly.Asaresult,sportsprofessionalsinmycountryhavebecomestarsandcelebrities.表示转折关系的：But=however=while=whereas例子：Manyadsandcommercialsdogiveimportantinformationaboutproducts,but/however,somethemaremerelymisleadingandcheating.Somepeoplethinkthatstudyinginacollegeoruniversityisthebestwayforstudentstopreparefortheirfuturecareer.While/whereasothersbelievetheyshouldleaveschoolassoonaspossibletodeveloptheircareerthroughworkexperience.复合句：定语从句，状语从句，名词性从句定语从句：Thosepeoplewhoareagainstmandatoryretirementhavethefollowingreasons.Weshouldtakeprideinourculturallegacywhichhandeddownfromourancestors.Asisknowntoall,therestrictiononprivatecarsisatwo-edgedsword.Thereasonwhymanygovernmentsbancloningisthatitismorallywrong.Thisisthereasonwhymanypeoplearestronglyagainstthebanonpetsinbigcities.语从句，让步状语从句原因状语从句：概述：常用because，since，for，as从句，但是四个词在使用上又略有区别。Because:道的或者最感兴趣的。..精品文档例子：IwasabsentfromschoolbecauseIcaughtayesterday.Since:表示人们已经知道的事实，是不需要强调的原因，所以被翻译成“既然”，通常放在句首。Sincewedonthaveclasstomorrow,whynotoutforapicnic?SinceyouareanEnglishmajor,Iguessyoucanhelpmewiththissentence.As：和since经很明显，或者已经为听话人所熟悉而不需要用because来强调。例子：AsSundayisanationalholiday,allgovernmentofficeswillbeclosed.For:说明。例子：Itrainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetthismorning.精品文档精品文档..由介词短语引导的原因状语从句Becauseof/dueto/owingto+名词/词组例子：Wehadanaccidentbecausehewascareless.用介词短语来引导：Wehadanaccidentbecauseofhiscarelessness.Wehadanaccidentduetohiscarelessness.Owingtohiscarelessnesswehadanaccident.注意：owingto常用于句首，dueto一般不这么用。目的状语从句：概述：表示目的，常用的引导词有sothat,inorderthat等。一般位于主句之后，引导的句子中可以用may/can/might/could等情态动词。如果要强调目的状语从句，可以将sothat/inorderthat引导的从句置于句首。例子：IturnedofftheTVinorderthatmyroommatecouldstudyinpeaceandquiet.InorderthatmyroommatecouldstudyinpeaceandquietIturnedofftheTV.(句)条件状语从句：概述：常用if,unless来引导，if表示“如果”，unless示“如果不，除非”。还可以用aslongas/solongas/provided等来引导,表示“只要”例子：ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?了，春天还会远吗？InsidethebookyouwillfindaseriesofsuccessfulskillsandsuggestionsforimprovingyourEnglish,butthesewillbeuselessunlessyoucarrythemSolongasyouworkhardenough,anironrodbegroundintoaneedle.只要功夫深，铁棒磨成针。Amanisnotoldaslongasheisseekingsomething.Amanisnotolduntilregretstaketheplaceofdreams.Knowledgehelpsyoutoreachthedestinationprovidedyouknowwhatthedestinationis.让步状语从句：概述：常用”though/although/eventhough/evenif来引导，主句不能用‘but’或者可以用inspiteof/despite介词来引导，需要注意的是，介词后跟的必须是短语，而不是句子。例子：Althoughhetiredhard,hefailed.尽管他尽力了，他还是失败了。EventhoughIdidntknowanybodyattheparty,hadagoodtime.Thoughhewasinexperienced,hedidagoodjob.=Inspiteofhisinexperience,hedidagoodjob.=Despitehisinexperience,hedidagoodjob.位语从句主语从句：即从句在主句中当主语常见句型：Itis+过去分词+that从句Itisreported/believed/generallythoughtthat……..Itshouldbenotedthat……3）Ithasbeenfoundthat……4）Itmustbepointedoutthat……例子：Itisreportedthatitwillraintomorrow.Itis+形容词+that从句Itistrue/possible/necessary/clear/likelythat…………….例子：Itistruethat Englishisbecominganlanguage.Itis+名词短语+that从句Itisapity/afact/nowonder/anhonor/ ashame commonknowledgethat…精品文档精品文档..例子：Itiscommonknowledgethatthewhaleisnotafish.Itisashamethatyoudidnotpasstheexam.表语从句：即从句在主句中当表语（句子通常在be后面）例子：Myideaisthatthechildshouldbesenttoschool.（表语从句如果是陈述句，用 that引导，且不能略）Myconcerniswhetherhecomesornot.（如果是一般疑问句，用whether来引导，后面加陈述句）Thepointis whenyouwillbecomerich.(如果似乎特殊疑问句，用特殊疑问词来引导，后面加陈述句)精品文档精品文档..同位语从句：即用一个完整的句子来补充说明名词，一般位于一个名词的后面，结构是：名词+连词+同位语从句例子：The fact that he succeeded in the experimentpleasedeverybody.Hewaspreparedtoprovehistheorythatdifferentweightswouldfalltoth