大学英语四级阅读理解试题(三)

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（三）十一Whatisyourfavouritecolour?Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist,aleader,anactivepersonwhoenjoyslife,peopleandexcitement.Doyouprefergreysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwouldratherfollowthanlead.Youtendtobeapessimist.Atleast,thisiswhatpsychologiststellus,andtheyshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolourspreference,aswellastheeffectthatcolourshaveonhumanbeings.Theytellsus,amongotherfacts,thatwedonotchooseourfavouriteclouraswegrowup----wearebornwithourpreference.Ifyouhappentolovebrown,youdidso,assoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.Coloursdoinfluenceourmoods----thereisnodoubtaboutit.Ayellowroommakesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmorerelaxedthanadarkgreenone;andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing.AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethesceneofmoresuicidesthananyotherbridgeinthearea----untilitwasrepaintergreen.Thenumberofsuicideattemptsimmediatelyfellsharply;perhapsitwouldhavefallenevenmoreifthebridgehadbeendoneinpinkorbabyblue.Lightandbrightcoloursmakepeoplenotonlyhppierbutmoreactive.Itisanestablishedfactthatfactoryworkersworkbetter,harder,andhavefeweraccidentswhentheirmachinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackorgrey.1."Youwouldratherfollowthanred"means_______.a.youdon'tliketofollowothersb.youwouldbeamemberratherthanaleaderc.youwouldbeafraidoffollowingothersd.youwouldliketobealeaderratherthanafollower2.Ifoneenjoyslife,oneissuretoprefer________.a.redtoyellowb.bluetoorangec.redtogreyd.bluetoyellow3."Theytellus,amongotherfacts,thatwedon'tchooseourfavouritecoloursaswegrowup.""Amongotherfacts"means______.a.besidesotherfactsb.inregardtootherfactsc.notconsideringotherfactsd.accordingtootherfacts4.Whichofthefollowingisfacts?a.People'spreferenceofonecolourtoanotherisinstinctb.People'spreferenceofonecolourtoanotherisacquiredastheygrowup.c.Morepeoplehappentolovebrownbecausetheysawsomethingbrownwhentheywerebornd.Colourshavelittleinfluenceonourmoods5.ThosewhocommittedsuicidepreferredthebridgeovertheThamesRivernearlondontoothersbecauseof_______.a.itsshapeb.itsstructurec.itscolourd.itsbuildingmaterials答案：bcaac十二Socialcustomsandwaysofbehavingchange.Thingswhichwereconsideredimpolitemanyyearsagoarenowacceptable.Justafewyearsago,itwasconsideredimpolitebehaviourforamantosmokeonstreet.Nomanwhothoughtofhimselfbysmokingwhenaladywasinaroom.Customsalsodifferfromcountrytocountry.Doesamanwalkontheleftortherightofawomaninyourcountry?Ordoesn'titmatter?Shouldyouusebothhandswhenyouareeating?Shouldleaveoneinyourlap,oronthetable?TheAmericansandtheBritishnotonlyspeakthesamelanguagebutalsosharealargenumberofsocialcustoms.Forexample,inbothAmericaandEnglandpeopleshakehandswhentheymeeteachotherforthefirsttime.Also,mostEnglishmenwillopenadoorforawonmanoroffertheirseattoawoman,andsowillmostAmericans.PromptnessisimportantbothinEnglandandinAmerica.Thatis,ifadinnerinvitationisfor7o'clock,thedinnerguesteitherarrivesclosetothattimeorcallsuptoexplainhisdelay.Theimportantthingtorememberaboutsocialcustomsisnottodoanythingthatmightmakeotherpeoplefeeluncomfortable-----especiallyiftheyareyourguests.Whenthefoodwasserved,oneoftheguestsstratedtoeathispeaswithaknife.Theotherguestswereamusedorshocked,butthehostcalmlypickeduphisknifeandbeganeatinginthesameway.Itwouldhavebeenbadmannerstomakehisguestfeelfoolishoruncomfortable.1.Ifonehasacceptedadinnerinvitation,whatshouldhedoifheistobelateforthedinner?a.Heshouldfindanexcuseb.Heshouldadkforexcuse.c.Heshouldsaysorryd.Heshouldtelephonetoexplainhisbeinglate.2."Itwouldhavebeenbadmannerstomakehisguestsfeelfoolishoruncomfortable.""Badmanners"means________.a.uglyb.dishonestc.impolited.shameful3.whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttiltleforthispassage?a.SocialCustomsandCustomsb.SocialLifec.AmericanandBritishCustomsd.PromptnessIsImportant4.Accordingtothetext,thebesthost_______.a.trieshisbesttomakehisguestsfeelcomfortableb.makeshisguestsfeelexcitedc.triestoavoidbeingnaughtytohisguestsd.triestoavoidbeingfoolish5.Theauthorofthisarticlemayagreewithwhichofthefollowing?a.Theguestwhoatehispeaswithaknifeb.Theotherguestswhowereamusedorshockedc.Thehostwhopickeduphisknifeandbeganeatinginthesamewayd.Noneoftheabove答案：dcaac十三NewOrleans,Louisiana,wasestablishedaspartoftheFrenchEmpirein1718.ItslocationontheeastbankoftheMississippiRivergaveitcontroloftheAmericanhinerlandanditbecamestrategicallyimportanttomanynations.ItwastransferredfromFrancetoSpain,returnedtoFrance,andfinallysoldbyNapoleontotheUnitedStatesin1803.Thecitywasthesiteofafamousbattlefoughtin1815betweentheBritish,whohopedtocontrolit,andtheAmericansunderGeneralAndrewJackson.TheriverbedoftheMississippiisconstantlysiltingandtheriverisnowactuallyhigherthanthecity.Leveesholdbacktheriverandgiantpumpsareusedtomovewaterfromthecityintotheriver.AlthoughNewOrleanshaasbeenapartoftheUnitedStatesforalmosttwocenturies,itspopulationtakesgreatprideinitsFrenchheritage.LouisianastillretainspartsoftheCodeNapoleonwhich,formmanyyears,wasitsonlylaw.NewOrleansiscarefreecityanditboastsitshot,spicyCreoleseafoodanditsnativeDixielandJazz.ThejacksonSquareneighborhoodmaintainsitsFrenchcolonialhomesandinothersectionsarepre-CivilWarmansions.Visitorsaresurprisedtofindthatbehindthisinterestingfacadeofyesteryear,isabusyindustrialandportcity.GrainandcoalcomefromtheMidwestandforeighcargoesareunloadedhere.NewOrleansisnolongerasleepySoutherntown----butit'sstillfuntovisit.1.WhataccountsfortheleveesandpumpsinNewOrleans?a.TheMississippifrequentlyfloodsthecity.b.Theriverbedhasraisedinthepast200years.c.Thetorrentialrainsfloodthecityfrequently.d.Thehighhumiditycannototherwisebecomtrolled.2.ThebattleofNewOrleanswasfoughtbyjacksonagainst______.a.Franceb.Britainc.Spaind.TheNorth3.TheCodeNapoleonwas_______.a.anagreementtosellLouisianab.abodyoflawsc.acitypland.amilitarycodeforthearmy4.WhichofthefollowingelementsdoesnotapplytotheattiudeoftheinhabitantsofNewOrleans?a.PrideintheirFrenchheritage.b.Adesiretoretainpicturesquecolonialbuildings.c.Arefusaltoengageintradeandcommerced.ApraisingofDixielandJazz.5.TouristsvisitingNewOrleansaresurprisedtoencounter_____.a.Creolefoodb.Dixielandjazzc.bustlingcityd.authenticcolonialhomes答案：bbbcc十四TheUnitedStatesisonthevergeoflosingitsleadingplaceintheworld'stechnology.Sosaysmorethanonestudyinrecentyears.OneofthereasonsforthisdeclineistheparalleldeclineinthenumberofU.S.scientistsandengineers.Since1976,employmentofscientistsandengineersisup85percent.Thistrendisexpectedtocontinue.However,thetrendshowsthatthenumberoftotheproblemistheincreasedcompetitionforthesecandidatesfromotherrapidly.OurinabilitytomotivatestudentstopursuescienceandengineeringcareersatthegraduateleveliscompoundedbecauseoftheintensedemandindustryhasforbrightBachelor'sandMaster'sdegreeholders.Toooften,promisingPH.D.candidates,confrontingthecostandfinancialsacrificeofpursuingtheireducation,findtheattractionofindustryirresistible.________.b.thenumberofscientistsandengineersisdecreasingc.thenumberof22-year-ildsisdecliningd.scientistsandengineersarenotemployed2.Thefieldofscienceandengineeringisfacingacompetitionfrom________.technologyforeignnationalssuchfieldsaslaw,medicineandbusinesspostgraduates3.Large-scaleenterprisesnowneed_______.a.brightgraduatesandpostgraduatesb.newinventionsc.advancedtechnologyd.engineers_________.a.theyarenotencouragedtobeengagedinsciencec.theyhavefinancialdifficultiesd.theywillspendmuchtimeandenergycompletingPH.D.5.PH.D.candidates"findtheattractionofindustryirresistible"meansthat_________.a.theyfindindustryisattractingmoreandmorecollegestudentsb.theydon'tthinktheycanpreventthemselvesfromworkingforindustryc.theycannotresistanyattractionfromallsidesd.theycannotworkforindustryanylonger答案：bcadb十五Newdays,astandardformeasuringpowerhaschanged.Thesestandardformeasuringpower.Nolongerwillanation'spolitical

changesforetellinfluence

anewbebasedsolelyonthestrengthofitsmilitaryforces.Ofcourse,militaryeffectivenesswillremainaprimaryprimarymeasureofpower.Butpoliticalinfluenceisalsocloselytiedtoindustrialcompetitiveness.It'softensaidthatwithoutitsmilitarytheSovietUnionwouldreallybeathird-worldnation.Thenewstandardofopwerandinfluencethatisevolvingnowplacesmoreemphasisontheabilityofacountrytocompeteeffectivelyintheeconomicmarketsoftheworld.Americamustrecognizethisnewcourseofevents.Oursuccessinshapingworldeventsoverthepast40yearshasbeenthedirectresultofourabilitytoadapttechnologyandtotakeadvantageofthecapabilitiesofourpeopleforthepurposeofmaintainingpeace.Ourindustrialprowessovermostofthisperiodwasunchallenged.Itisironicthatitisjustthisprowessthathasenabledothercountriestoprosperandinturntothreatenourindustrialleadership.ThecompetitivenessofAmerica'sindustrialbaseisanissuebiggerthantheDepartmentofDefenseandisgoingtorequiretheeff