商务现场口译第四单元-Unit-4-Business-Travel

PAGE13UnitFourBusinessTravelUnitObjectives(单元目标)Afterreadingthisunit,youshouldunderstandthewaystoidentifythemainideasofthesourcetext.findwaystoimproveyourinterpretingskillsandperformance.masterthebasicwordsandexpressionsaboutbusinesstravel.knowsomeculturalbackgroundknowledgeaboutbusinesstravel.PreparingI.InterpretingSkills(口译技能)Readthefollowingpresentationaboutdiscourseanalysisandtrytounderstandthefourspeechtypesandknowhowtoidentifythemainideasofthesourcetext.Thencompletethefollowingtask:1.Listentothepassage,“MyfirstdayinNewYork”,andanswerthefollowingquestions:1). WhendidtheauthorfirstarriveintheUS?2). Whatdidtheauthordoonthewaytohishotel?3). Wheredidtheauthorgetsomethingtoeatafterhisfriendhadleft?4). Whycouldn’thehavewhathereallywantedattherestaurant?5). Whatdidtheauthordoafterdinner?2.Listentothepassageagainandtrytocatchmoredetails,thenretellthestoryinyourownwords.DecodingTraining(II):DiscourseAnalysis（语篇分析）Interpretingisto“understandandmakeunderstood”.Tointerpretthespeech,onemustfirstunderstandthemessageofthespeech.However,comprehension（理解）ofthesourcediscoursegoesbeyondthesimplerecognitionofwordsandlinguisticstructures.Theinterpretershallmakeananalysisofthesourcediscourse.Moreimportantly,theinterpretershallidentify（识别）thespeechtypeandknowhowtoidentifythemainideasoftheoriginalspeeches.IdentificationoftheSpeechTypesSpeechesarediversifiedservingdifferentoccasionsandpurposes.Itwillbeofgreathelptotheinterpretersiftheyknowthespeaker’sstyle.Inmostcases,speechesarepreparedbeforehand.Therefore,astudyofthedifferenttypesofwritinghelpsaninterpreteridentifythemainideaofagivenspeech.Followingarethebasictypesofwriting.1.DescriptiveWritingDescriptive（描述性的）writinginvolvesagreatdealofdetailedinformation.Adescriptivediscussionaimedatprovidingdetailsofanevent,ascene,aprocedure,orasituation.Thisspeechtypedemandsathoroughbackgroundinvestigationofthespeakerandtherelevantsituationbytheinterpreter.2.NarrativeWritingNarrative（叙述性的）writingfocusesonthedevelopmentofevents.Thereisnodoubtthattheinterpretershouldbeverysensitivetodates,timephrases,andverbtenseswhenanarrativespeechisdealtwith.3.ExpositiveWritingExpositive（说明性的）writingdealswithitssubjectmatterinsuchordersaschronological,spatial,comparison,anddefinition.Itwouldbetotheadvantageoftheinterpretertoconductabackgroundinvestigationofthespeakerandthesituation,forthatwouldprovidetheinterpreterwithnotonlythenecessaryglossarybutalsothespeaker’sstandpoint（立场）.4.PersuasiveWritingPersuasive（劝说性的）writersalwayswanttomaketheirargumentsclear,strongandconvincing.Whenthepurposeistoconvince,writersofpersuasivewritingmainlyemploytwotechniques--induction（归纳）anddeduction（推论）.Inductivewritingstartswithspecificexamplesorpointstodrawageneralconclusion,whiledeductivewritingillustratesitsthesisatfirstandthensupportsandreinforcesthethesisthroughspecificexamplesorsubordinateideas.IdentificationoftheMainIdeasInthecontextofinterpreting,themainideasofthesourcespeechcanbeidentifiedatthesentencelevelandatthediscourselevel.Priorityshouldalwaysbeattachedtoidentifyingthemainideaatthesentencelevel.Wearguethatidentificationofmainideasbedoneonthebasisofsentences.Traininginidentifyingthemainideasininterpretingshouldnaturallytakeplacefirstatthesentencelevel.1.SentenceLevelThemostimportanttaskforaninterpretertoidentifythemainideasatthesentencelevelistodiscern(洞悉）thesubject,verbandobject(SVO).ItishighlysignificantfortheinterpretertocatchtheSVOofthesentencewhilelisteningtothesourcetext,astheSVOusuallycarriesthemajorinformationofthesentence.Forexample,whenlisteningto“Thebestwaytocarrymoneywhiletravelingistohaveamajorcreditcard”,theinterpreterisexpectedtocatch“Thebestwayistohaveacreditcard.”IftheinterpreterisabletocatchtheSVOofthesentence,hethenwillproduceacompletesentencewiththemajorinformationinthetargetlanguage.2.DiscourseLevelTherearealsosomeskillsaninterpretermightemployondifferentoccasionsforgraspingthegist（要点）ofaspeechatthediscourselevel.Inawell-organizedspeech,thespeakerusuallyexplainshispointinthefirstfewsentences.Therefore,oneofthewaystogetthemainideaofaspeechistoattachprioritytothebeginningofthespeech.Secondly,iftheinterpreterencountersaspeechthatisinductivelyconstructed,theinterpretershould,tothebestoftheirability,conductastudyofthespeaker'sbackgroundandviewpointssothattheycanfollowthespeaker'slogicalguidelines.II.PhraseInterpreting(短语口译)Workonthefollowingwordsandphrases.InterpretthemintoChineseandEnglishrespectively.A.EnglishtoChinese1.Haveapopulationof…2.Coveranareaof…3.Datebackto…4.Haveahistoryof…5.Besituatedin…6.Thegrossdomesticproduct7.Dive-inrestaurant 8.Quarantinecertificate9.Durationofstay10.ResidencepermitB.ChinesetoEnglish1、日程安排2、旅行路线 3、起飞时间 4、机场大楼 5、候机室 6、贵宾室 7、问讯处 8、安全检查 9、免税店 10、个人物品 III.SentenceInterpreting（句子口译）Workonthefollowingsentences.InterpretthemintoChineseandEnglishrespectively.A. EnglishtoChinese1. Ibelieveyou'regoingoutofyourwayforus.2. Wouldn'tyouliketospendanextradayortwohere?3. I'mafraidthatwon'tbepossible,muchaswe'dliketo.4. Iwonderifitispossibletoarrangeshoppingforus.5. Iwillkeepyouposted.B. ChinesetoEnglish1. 我特地为你们安排，使你们在北京的逗留愉快。2. 如果你们感到方便的话，我想现在讨论一下日程安排的问题。3. 我们的活动在晚上也安排满了吗？4. 我们已经很顺利地把活动日程安排好了。5. 这是我们为你和你的朋友拟定的活动日程安排。请过目一下，好吗？PerformingI.Decoding--NotesTaking（笔记记录）ListentotherecordingsofTextA.Trytocatchthemainideasofthespeech.Notedownthekeypointswhileyouarelistening.Thentellthemainideasofthespeechwiththehelpofyournotes.II.Memorizing--StoryRetelling（故事复述）ListentotherecordingsofTextAagain.Trytocatchmoredetailsandimproveyournotes.Thenretellthespeechinyourownwordswiththehelpofyournotes.III.Encoding--MessageReconstructing（信息重组）ListentotherecordingsofTextAparagraphbyparagraph.Takenoteswhennecessaryandstartinterpretingduringthepauses.TextALadiesandGentlemen:Iamextraordinarilyhappytohavewitnessedthissigningceremonytodaybecauseitsymbolizes,forme,exactlythetypeofcooperationthatweneed,whichisacooperativeendeavorwhichwillbringinmoreinvestmentandleadtomorecooperation.Onbehalfoftheforeignguestsattendingthisworkshop,letmesayamostsincere“thankyou”foryourwarmandgraciouswelcome.FromthelittleI’veseenintheshorttimewhenI’vebeenhere,I’dhavetosayChinaisaverybeautifulcountryandyourpeopleareveryfriendly.IknowthatIcanspeakforeveryonewhenIsaythat,fromthemomentwhenwearrivedattheairport,therehavebeenmanyhelpfulandconsideratepeopletotakecareofallthelittlethingsthatmakethedifferencebetweenanhecticandarelaxingtrip.Theaccommodationsyouhaveprovidedareverycomfortableandthesettingforthisworkshopisrelaxed,yetbusinesslike.Weareallgladtobeheretoparticipateinthisworkshoponcomputertechnology.We’veallreadaboutthephenomenalsuccesswithcomputersinChinaandwe’veallseenthenumbersonhowhealthytheindustryishere,andnowwegettheopportunityforacloserlook.IknowwehavealottolearnfromyourexperiencehereinChina,andhopeourexperiencewillbehelpfultoyouheretoo.Thisisanexcitingtimeforthecomputerindustryworldwide,andweareexcitedtohavetheopportunitytoparticipateinthisworkshop.Thankyoufortheinvitationandthewarmreception.IV.Coordinating—FieldInterpreting（现场口译）ListentotherecordingsofTextB.Takesomenoteswhennecessaryandinterpretthetextwiththehelpofyournotes.TextBJean: HeyKyle,guesswhat!ThebossissendingmetotheWestcoastforamarketingseminarnextmonth.Kyle: 啊哈，你肯定很高兴。你想出差都想好几个月了。Jean: Yeah,andhesaidthere’llbemorecomingup,soIshouldgetacorporatecard.Problemis,Idon’tknowhowtoproceed,andIdidn’twantthebosstoknowthat.Canyoufillmein?Kyle: 当然了，没问题。首先去找秘书，告诉她你要去哪儿？什么时候去？她会通过我们的旅行代理，为你安排交通和酒店，并在几天内给你旅程表。同时问她要一张信用卡申请表。Jean: WillIusethecardforeverything?Kyle: 不，我们和一些主要航空公司和酒店都有公司信用协议。这次旅行你也许只会用它来吃饭。但并不是所有的饭店都接受这一信用卡。你也许要付现金。Jean: DoIpayoutofmyownpocket?Kyle: 恐怕是。我们以前是预支差旅费，但自从公司使用信用卡后，就停止了。Jean: Willthecompanyreimburseeverything?Kyle: 不，有每日最高限额。我会给你一个表。当然私人用品不算在内。而且必须保留所有收据。回来后，你必须把他们贴在报销单上。Jean: Anythingelse?Kyle: 既然你要经常飞行，去申请一张飞行积分卡。积累飞行里程是商务旅行的额外补贴之一。到时候告诉我你是怎么带着旅行包生活的。PackagingI.InterpretingandAssessment（口译与评估）Workingroups.ListentotherecordingsofTextC.Takesomenoteswhilelistening.Interpretthetextwiththehelpofyournotes.Theothermembersareexpectedtoevaluatetheinterpreters’performancewiththepeer’sassessmentform.TextC下午好，以下是我们这次商务旅行的日程的简单安排：第一天上午我们参观深圳市经济技术开发区、座谈，下午参观中国硅谷—深圳科技园，商务洽谈。第二天：请深圳市有关领导介绍深圳市招商引资和投资环境等情况及专业考察、下午参观深圳知名企业华为和康佳集团。第三天全部是游览活动，世界之窗和锦绣中华。第四天：与当地企业家进行专业座谈，然后是粤菜风味的晚宴会。非常高兴能在整个旅程中陪伴各位,如果大家现在或在旅行中有什么问题请随时向我提出来。Peer'sAssessmentForm1. Delivery A B C D1.1 Isthearticulationorintonationunnatural? □ □ □ □1.2 Arethereanyirritatingoutburstorexaggeratedfillers? □ □ □ □1.3 Arethereanyexcessiverepairsorunfinishedsentences? □ □ □ □1.4 Isthevoiceunpleasantorunconvincing? □ □ □ □2. Language 2.1 Arethereanyirritatingmispronunciations? □ □ □ □2.2 Arethereanyirritatinggrammaticalmistakes? □ □ □ □2.3 Arethereanyunidiomaticexpressions? □ □ □ □3. Coherence3.1 Arethereanyabruptbeginningsorendings? □ □ □ □3.2 Istheperformanceincoherent? □ □ □ □3.3 Isthemessageimplausibleorillogical? □ □ □ □4. Loyalty4.1 Arethereanysignificantomissions? □ □ □ □4.2 Arethereanyunjustifiedchanges? □ □ □ □4.3 Arethereanyunjustifiedadditions? □ □ □ □II. FeedbackandComments（反馈与评论）Afteryoufinishtheinterpretation,tellyourclassmatesandteacherhowyoufeelaboutyourperformance.Thentheteacherwillmakeanoverallcommentonyourperformanceandgiveyousomesuggestion.AimsofthisUnitStudent’sFeedbackTeacher’sCommentsThecandidatehasmetthestandard,knowledgeandskillrequirements.Candidates:_____________________ Date______________________Assessor:______________________ Date______________________SupplementaryExercises(补充练习)TaskI SimulationExercises（模拟练习）Workingroups.Role-playthefollowingsituationswithyourpartners,actingastheChinesespeaker,Englishspeakerandtheinterpreterrespectively.Onegroupwillbeinvitedtoperforminclass.SituationAMr.King,thesalesrepresentativeofUniverseToyCompanyinLondonhasabusinessmeetinginSituationAMr.King,thesalesrepresentativeofUniverseToyCompanyinLondonhasabusinessmeetinginChina,thesecretaryinChinesecompanydiscusstheitinerarywithhim.Trytodointerpretingwork.29March0900 MeetingwithExecutiveManager1500 Factoryvisit30March1000 GoingtoTradeFair31March1000 ConferencewithChinesecompany1400 Shopping1April ConferencewithChinesecompany2April SightseeingincitySituationBYouareabusinessmanfromUK,nowcometoChinatoattendanimportantmeeting.Makeaspeechincluding:ThanksforthewelcomeceremonyExpressionstothepurposeofthisjourneyExpectationofthisbusinesstripClosingSamplesentences:Ifeelpleasedtoattendthismeeting…thankyouforyournicewelcome.Ihavebeeninglookingforwardtothistrip,andnowIhavebeenmorethanrewarded.I’msuremystayherewillbeafruitfulandenjoyableoneIdohope…Task2 VocabularyDevelopment（词汇扩展）Readthefollowingwordsandexpressions.Trytokeeptheminmindandfindmoretoenrichyourlanguagebank.A. UsefulWords&Expressions办理出/入境手续 togothroughtheexit/entryformalities日程安排 schedule旅行路线 itinerary起飞时间 departuretime机场大楼 terminalbuilding航班资料显示牌 flightinformationboard候机室 departurelounge贵宾室 VIPRoom问讯处 informationdesk安全检查 securitycheck外交/公务护照 diplomatic/servicepassport一次性/多次性入境签证 single-entry/multiple-entryvisa再入境签证 re-entryvisa旅行/居留签证 travel/residencevisa出境/入境/过境/访问签证 exit/entry/transit/visitor’svisa签证有效期 validityofvisa入境日期及口岸 dateandportofentry抵达/出境日期 dateofarrival/departure卫生证明/黄皮书 quarantinecertificate居留事由/期限 purpose/durationofstay旅行/居住证 travel/residencepermit海关 theCustoms海关关员 customsofficer关税 customsduty填写报关单 tofillin/outthedeclarationform免税/应税商品 duty-free/dutiablegoods/articles免税店 duty-freeshop个人物品 personaleffects进/出口许可证 import/exportpermit照章纳税 topaycustomsdutyaccordingtotheregulations行李提取处 baggage/luggageclaim行李寄存处 baggage/luggagedepository随身行李 carry-onbaggage行李牌 luggagecheck;baggage/luggagetag行李手推车 luggagetrolley/handcart/pushcartB. SampleSentencesInquiringaboutflightWhatflightsaretherefromNewYorktoShanghai?Isthereanon-stopflighttoBeijing?Whattimeistheplaneduetoarrive?Whendoestheplanetakeoff?HowmuchdoesitdoesitcosttoflytoLondon?Pleaseletusknowthefullcost,includingtheoverweightcharge.Howmuchisthefare?DoIhavetochangeplanes?BookingArethereanyvacanciesCanIbook/have/reserve/keepasingleroomfortheweekend?I’dliketomakeareservationofadoubleroomfor2nights.Ibooked/reservedasingleroomfortonight.Ibelieveyouhavearoomreserved/reservationforme.Thetravelagencyhasarrangedforadoubleroomforme.SpecificRequirementI’dlikeasingle/doubleroomwithabath.Couldyoumanage/letmehave2doublesand4singlesfor3days?Ipreferaroomfacingsouth/onthesunnyside/withabalcony/withafrontview/onahigherfloor/overlookingtheseaforaweek.I’llbestayingovernightonly.Therewillbethreepeopleinourparty.ServicesCanIhavemybreakfastinmyroom?Doyouhave/provideroomservices?Doesthehotelhaveasauna?Isthereaphoneintheroom?Whatsortofamusements/sundryservicesdoyouoffer?WhatifI’vegotsomethingtobesenttothelaundry?PricesWhatistherateforasingleroom?Whatisthepricedifferencebetweenadoubleroomandatwinroom?Howmuchisasuitefortwonights?Howmuchdoyouchargeforthecheapestpossibletwin-room?Isthereadiscount/reductionforcompanybooking?Dowehavetopaythefullpriceforchildren?Doesthatincludeattendance/theuseoftelephone?CheckingOutIwanttocheckout,please.MynamesisDavidCarsonI’mcheckingouttoday.I’dlikemybillreadythismorning.CouldIsettlemybillnow?I’mleavingaroundten.Task3 CulturalSalon（文化沙龙）Readthefollowingpresentationandtrytogetsomeculturalknowledgeaboutbusinesstravel.TravelArrangementsInalargecompanyorfirmthereisadepartmentwhichisinchargeofthetravelarrangementsforthestaff.Inmanycompanies,however,mostofthearrangementsfortheboss’stravelisusuallymadebythesecretary.Beforemakingthereservations,thesecretaryshouldfirsttakethefollowinginformationintoconsideration:DeparturetimeanddatePlacestobevisitedDurationofvisittoeachplacePurposeofthevisittoeachplacesScheduledappointmentScheduleddinnermeetings,lunchmeetingsorbreakfastmeetingsPreferencesastomeansoftraveloraccommodationNumberandidentityofpeopletravelingBasedontheinformationabove,atentativeitineraryshouldbeworkedout.Thenfollowstheactionoffurtherconfirmingtheappointments,accommodation,transportationarrangements,eatinglocations,etc.andtheinitialtravelplanshouldbemodified.Ifthereisnotadepartmentresponsiblefortravelarrangementsinacompany,travelisusuallyarrangedviaatravelagency,suchastransportationbookingsandaccommodationreservations.Theinformationrelatedtothetravelitineraryinclude:DetailedinformationaboutthedatesandtimesofarrivalineachplacetobevisitedTypesoftransportation,travelpreferences,e.g.seatingpreference,inflightmealpreference,smoking/non-smokingandaccommodationpreferred.Thefollowinginformationshouldbeprovided:Boss’snameBoss’businessandhomemobilephonenumberBoss’sfrequentforthetravelersclubmembershipdetailsMethodofpaymentforthetravelarrangementsandcreditcarddetailsIfthebosstravelsabroad,thesecretaryshouldalsoaskthetravelagencyforthecertificatesrequired,suchaspassport,visa,healthorpolicecertificatesandhowtoobtainthem.Whennecessary,thesecretaryshouldalsoarrangethehealthandbaggageinsuranceforthegeneralmangerandhelptocollectthetraveler’schecks.Thefinalitinerarypresentedtothebossshouldconsistofalltheactivitiesconcerningthetravelandthereservationreceiptsfromthetravelagency.Theitineraryshouldatleastbethreecopies.Onecopyisforthesecretaryandtheothertwofortheboss.Task4 InterpretingPractice(口译实践)Workonthefollowingsentencesandtext.InterpretthemintoChineseandEnglishrespectively.A.SentenceInterpretingWhereveryougo,you’llseedrive-inbanks,drive-inrestaurants,drive-inchurchesanddrive-inmovies.Driversareexpectedtoknowandunderstandthelocallawseveniftheydon’tliveinaparticularstate.Australiaistheworld’ssmallestcontinentandlargestisland,andarelativelyyoungnationestablishedinanancientland.AseriesofgeologicalandhistoricalaccidentshasmadeAustraliaoneoftheworld’smostattractivecountriesfromthetourist’sviewpoint.TourismisamajorindustryinAustralia,representingaboutsixpercentofthegrossdomesticproductandproviding,directlyorindirectly,around440,000jobs.B. TextInterpretingTextD欢迎各位参加“丝绸之路游”。为期两周的游览将成为您一生中最难忘的经历之一。丝绸之路的历史可以追溯到公元前2世纪。当时一名中国官员、朝廷的使者张骞沿着这条连接亚欧两大洲的贸易通道出使西域。这条通道源于长安城，一路穿越陕西省、甘肃省境内的河西走廊、新疆的塔里木盆地、帕米尔山区、阿富汗、伊朗、伊拉克以及叙利亚，最后抵达地中海的东岸。全程7，000公里，其中有4，000公里的路段在中国境内。15世纪前的一千多年里，中国通过这条通道给西域各国带去了丝绸织物、火药、造纸术和印刷术。同时，这条通道也从国外给我们引进了佛教、伊斯兰教以及葡萄、核桃、石榴、黄瓜、玻璃、香水等产品。因为中国丝绸是沿着这条通道进入西方国家的，所以欧洲学者将此道称作“丝绸之路”。丝绸之路沿途的大批历史文物、引人入胜的自然风景以及富有情趣的地方文化，使这一长途远游成了世界上最精彩的旅游项目之一。在丝绸之路的中国段，沿线散居着许多少数民族，他们对来自世界各地的游客都以礼相待，热情好客。这里的食物和工艺品不同于中国中部的食物和工艺品。这里的民间传说，如同天方夜谈一般神奇，听来别有一番情趣。我社安排的“丝绸之路游”，始于西安古城，止于新疆首府乌鲁木齐，其间我们还要游览兰州、墩煌以及吐鲁番。沿线您可以领略自然景观的魅力，欣赏古代艺术家高超的