2023届北京市房山区市级名校高考英语二模试卷含解析

2023届高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Theconferenceaimstodevelopbusinessandletpeoplethinkabout_______theycanhaveapositiveinfluenceontheplanet.A．whyB．thatC．whatD．how2．WiththenuclearcrisisworseninginIran,theworld’sattentionisfixedagainon________iscalledtheMiddleEast.A．which B．what C．that D．it3．_______theschool,thevillagehasaclinic,whichwasalsobuiltwithgovernmentsupport.A．Inreplyto B．InadditiontoC．Inchargeof D．Inplaceof4．WeChinesearedrinking______milkperpersontodayaswedidin1995.A．morethantwice B．twiceasmuchC．twiceasmanyas D．twiceasmuchas5．---Mum,canyoutellmewhysomeparentssendtheirchildrentostudyabroadataveryyoungage?---__________,darling.Ihaveneverthoughtaboutit.A．YouhavegotmethereB．TakeyourtimeC．YoubetD．Don’tbesilly6．Myteacheroftensaysthatsuccessinmakingmoneyisnotalwaysagood______ofsuccessinlife.A．beliefB．elementC．criterionD．instance7．Manyyoungpeoplejustcan’tlivewithouttheInternet,theydependonforwhateverinformationtheyneed.A．which B．when C．where D．what8．Whenwas_____youlastmetJennifer?Ihaven’tseenherforages.A．itthat B．it C．itwhat D．what9．---Marywasaskedtodosomethingimportant.---Itdoesn’tmatter.Let’stheworkwhereitisleftoff.A．takeup B．takedown C．takein D．takeoff10．Theaffairsofeachcountryshouldbebyitsownpeople.A．electedB．settledC．developedD．contained11．Heinsistedwhathedid_______rightandthatanyonewhobrokelaws________．A．was;bepunished B．be;waspunishedC．was;waspunished D．be;bepunished12．Everymanhashisfaults.Weshould,therefore,leantobe________ofothers.A．ignorant B．responsibleC．reliable D．tolerant13．Mr.Smartisbelievedtobeacapableperson,whoisequal_____chargeofthecompanyverywell.A．totake B．totaking C．tobetaken D．taking14．ChinesePresidentHuJintaocalledforanimmediatecease-fireinLibya_____anevenworsehumanitariancrisisinthecountryattheBRICSSummitinHainanProvince.A．toprevent B．tohaveprevented C．preventing D．havingprevented15．Itwasjustatthetimethebellranghefinishedthelastwordinhiscomposition. A．when;which B．that;when C．when;that D．that;which16．Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,________asuddenloudnoise.A．beingthere B．shouldtherebeC．therewas D．therehavingbeen17．．Althoughitinthedesertmostoftheyear,peoplestilllivethere．A．doesn’train B．didn’train C．hasn’trained D．hadn’trained18．Thewriterwasso________inherworkthatshedidn’tnoticehimentertheroom.A．abandoned B．focused C．absorbed D．centered19．---May!Howisyourplan?IheardyoustarteditlastSunday.---Oh!Iforit,butIhaven’tdecidedwheretostartit.A．haveprepared B．hadprepared C．havebeenpreparing D．waspreparing20．Ahurricanesweptthroughmyvillage.Justaswewerebeginningtolosehope,itsuddenlystopped.Itisreally“”.A．All’swellthatendswellB．LightningneverstrikestwiceinthesameplaceC．ItneverrainsbutifpoursD．Afriendinneedisafriendindeed第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Haveyoueverheardofthefollowingpeople?Maybeyes,maybeno.Buttheymaybeaninspirationforyou.TheTreeLadyKateSessionswasanAmericanbotanistandlandscapearchitectcloselyassociatedwithSanDiego,California.AfterbecomingthefirstwomanthatgraduatefromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,shetookajobasateacherfarsouthinthedrydeserttownofSanDiego.KatedecidedthatSanDiegoneededtreesmorethananythingelse.Therefore,thisyoungwomansingle-handedlystartedamovementtransformingthetownintotheleafy,garden-filledplaceasitistoday.TheSnowflake(雪花)ManWilsonBentleyisoneofthefirstknownphotographersofsnowflakes.Hisenthusiasmfortakingphotosofsnowflakesbeganfromhisboyhoodandwasoftenmisunderstoodinhistime,buthisdeterminationrevealedtwoimportanttruths：notwosnowflakesarealike,andeachoneissurprisinglybeautiful.In1931,heworkedwithWilliamJ.HumphreysoftheU.S.WeatherBureautopublishSnowCrystals,abookcontaining2,500photographs.TheFatherofHisCountryBythelate1760s,GeorgeWashingtonhadexperiencedfirst-handtheeffectsofrisingtaxesimposedonAmericancolonies(殖民地)bytheBritish,andcametobelievethatitwasinthelocalpeopledbestintereststodeclareindependencefromEngland.DuringtheAmericanWarofIndependence,heledthecolonialforcestovictory.In1787,hewaselectedpresidentoftheConventionthatwrotetheU.S.Constitution.Twoyearslater,WashingtonbecameAmerica’sfirstpresident.Hisretirementfromofficeaftertwotermsestablishedatraditionthatlasteduntil1940,whenFranklinDelanoRooseveltwonathirdterm.The22ndAmendmentnowlimitsthepresidenttotwoelectedterms.1、Whomadeagreatefforttomakeanareabeautiful?A．KateSessions.B．WilsonBentley.C．GeorgeWashington.D．WilliamJ.Humphreys.2、WhatisWilsonBentleywell-knownfor?A．Hiscreativeideastopublishbooks.B．Hiscouragetofightagainstprejudice.C．Hispersistenceinphotographingsnowflakes.D．Hisdevotiontoteachingkidsscientifictruths.3、Whatcanweinferaboutthepeoplementionedinthetext?A．Theyarereallycreative.B．Theyareverydetermined.C．Theyarehighlyeducated.D．Theyareprettyconfident.22．（8分）Thedangersofdrowsy（昏昏欲睡）drivinghavebeenwidelyknown.Nowseveralcompanieshavedevelopedface-trackingtechnologythatcantellwhendriversbecomedangerouslysleepy.Hereishowitmightwork.Acamerainyourcarmonitorsyourfacialexpression,comparesittoadatabaseofexpressionsanddeterminesifyouarelikelysleepyordistracted.Thecarthenalertsyoutopayattentionorpullover.Affectivahasdevelopedemotionrecognitiontechnologythataimstodetectwhenpeoplearejuststartingtogettired.Theideaistocatchthewarningsignsbeforedrowsinessreallystrikes.“Actually,whensomeoneisdrowsy,thatistoolate.”Gabi,vicepresidentofAffectivasaid.“Whatifyoucanseetrendsinsomeone’sfaceaboutfiveminutesbeforetheybecomesleepy?”Affectiva’sprogramcanrecognizesevendifferentemotionsand15facialexpressions.Itsstandardsweredevelopedbysifting（筛选）throughadatabaseof4millionfacesfrom75countries,saidZijderveld.Shesuggestedthatcarmakerscouldcoordinate（协调）theprogram’sfacialrecognitiondatawithoralreminders,suchassoundwarnings,or（nonverbal）alerts,likeachangeoftemperatureandvibrations（continuousslightshakingmovements）.Eyerisisanothercompanyworkinginfacialanalytics.ModarAlaoui,thecompany’sCEO,saidthatitssoftwaredetects“eyeopenness”inadditiontootherfacialindicators.Thesoftwarecanalsoreadheadposition,whichmayindicatewhensomeonebeginstonodoff.Thesetechnologiesaren’tthefirstattempttofightdrowsinessbehindthewheel.Inventorscameupwiththesimilardevice“sleeperbeeper”topreventsleepincarsbackin1983.Thesleeperbeeperwasattachedtoadriver’searandwouldissueanoisywarningwhenthedriver’sheadnoddedpastacertainpoint.Butthelatestsoftwarewouldintervene（干涉）earlierandmoreeffectively.1、Thecamerainthecarcandetermineifadriveris________.A．cold-blooded B．near-sightedC．bad-tempered D．absent-minded2、Whenwilldriversberemindedtopayattentionorpulloverbytheface-trackingtechnology?A．Whentheyarejustbeginningtogettired.B．Fiveminutesaftertheybecomesleepy.C．Whentheyarereallytired.D．Whentheyaredrowsy.3、Itismostlikelythatthe“sleeperbeeper”wouldsendoutawarningby________.A．shakingslightly B．makingnoiseC．flashingbrilliantly D．changingtemperature4、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Thedangersofdrowsydrivinghavebeenwidelyknown.B．Inventorshavetriedoutthesimilardevice“sleeperbeeper”.C．Severalcompanieshavefoundsomewaystofightdrowisnessbehindthewheel.D．Face-trackingtechnologyfordrowsydrivinghasbeendevelopedbyseveralcompanies.23．（8分）ThesemessagesarepostedtoHomestayWebHostsbygueststhroughouttheworld.MessageboardforadvertisementsfromguestsMessageboardforadvertisementsfromguestsKanaeMasuda*IwillstudyCantonese(粤语)inCUHKfromthisSeptember.I’mlookingformyroomduringtheperiodbeforethesemesterbegins(10-14Sep.)...moreOgataMisa*Hi,I’mMisaandI’m23yearsold.I’macollegestudentinNewYork.I’mmovingtoSeattleinSeptemberandamlookingforahostfamily…moreMinhPhan*Hi,mynameisMinhPhanandI’mafemaleinternationalhighschoolstudent(arisingsophomore).IgotoaprivateschoolinMansfieldandsoIwould…moreIslamNassar*Sohere,inJapan,Iwilltellyoumoreaboutmyselfandmyinquiry.IamIslamfromEgypt,a24-year-old(male)whoisgoingtostart…moreJulie*IwanttofindahomestaynearWinterParkHighSchoolorHagertyHighSchoolformy14-year-olddaughter.Wehopethehomestayfamilycanprovidemeals…moreMasayukiMoriyama*Hello.I’m23yearsold.I’manexchangestudentandI’meagertohaveabetterunderstandingofEnglishculture.SoIamgladifyoucanteachEnglish...moreMegumiMatsule*Nicetomeetyou.I’mMegumiMatsuie.IhaveaplanaboutworkingonholidaywithmyfriendinAustraliaforSep.2,2017.Ifyouwouldn’t...more347、Whydopeopleplacethoseadvertisements?A．Tohuntforjobs. B．Toseekhostfamilies.C．Toapplytouniversities. D．Tolearnforeignlanguages.1、Whomightprefertoliveinyourhomeifyou’reanexperiencedEnglishteacher?A．MinhPhan. B．IslamNassar.C．KanaeMasuda. D．MasayukiMoriyama.2、Whereisthepassagelikelytoappear?A．Inanewspaper. B．Inashow.C．Onawebsite. D．Inamagazine.24．（8分）OnFebruary6,SpaceX,aprivateUSaerospacecompanyownedbyElonMusk,hassuccessfullylauncheditsnewFalconHeavyspacecraft,makingittheworld’smostpowerfulrocket.FalconHeavyisthelargestrocketsincetheretirementofNASA’sSaturnV,whichwasusedfortheMoonmissionsinthe1970s.“FalconHeavycanlaunchabout64tonnesintolowEarthorbit-that’salmostthreetimesmorethanthecurrentrunningbiggestlaunchvehicle,DeltaIVHeavy,”ImperialCollegeastrophysicistDavidClementstoldAIJazeera.AccordingtoSpaceX,FalconHeavycanliftintoorbitamassgreaterthana737jetloadedwithpassengers,crew,luggageandfuel.TherocketwasdesignedwiththeideaofearninghumansintospaceandopeningthepossibilityofflyingmissionswithpeopletotheMoonandevenMars.Foritsfirstvoyage,itcarriedMusk’s$100,000cherry-redTeslasportscarandafakespace-suitedhumanmodelfixedinthedriver’sseat.Muskjokedthat“itmaybediscoveredbysomefuturealienrace”.FalconHeavywentintospaceonitslastflightonFebruary6.ThelaunchtookplaceatNASA’sCapeCanaveralAirForceStationandKennedySpaceCenterintheUSstateofFlorida,thespotalsousedfortheApollo11Moonmissionandseveralspaceshuttlelaunches.Itwasdelayedbyseveralhoursbecauseofhighwindsintheupperatmosphere.Minutesaftertake-off,thetwoouterboosters(助推器)landedatthenearbyCapeCanaveralAirForceStation.SpaceXannouncedplanstoeventuallyuseFalconHeavytolaunchtwopayingspacetouristsonatriparoundtheMoon.However,Musksaidhewillprobablyreservethatmissionforanotherlaunchsystem,theBFR.Recently,SpaceXscheduledtolaunchaFalcon9rocketforNASA’sTESSmissiononMarch20,2018.ItisreportedthatSpaceXisscheduledtocomplete30independentlaunchmissionsin2018,atleasthalfofwhichwilluseFalcon9.1、Whichofthefollowingcanfunctionasarocket?A．A737jet.B．Tesla.C．SaturnV.D．SpaceX.2、WhatdoweknowaboutFalconHeavyfromthetext?A．Itwasthelatestrocketintheworld.B．Itisofthesameloadasa737jet.C．Itistobefoundbythecreaturesintheouterspace.D．ItwaslaunchedatthesameplacefortheApollo11mission.3、WhatdelayedthelaunchofFalconHeavy?A．Weathercondition.B．Programerror.C．Equipmentfailure.D．Deliberatedamage.4、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．TheBFRwillbecompletedin2018.B．Thevehicletolaunchspacetouristsisunknown.C．TouristswillbesentintospacebyFalcon9.D．Falcon9willtake15launchmissions.25．（10分）AJapanesecompanyisdevelopingapairofsmartglassesthatcanhelpthosewithvisualorcomprehensionproblemstoreadwrittentextmoreeasily.CalledtheOtonGlass,theglassesaremeanttotranslatetextintosoundusingtwocamerasandanearpiece,bothfittedtoitsframe.Halfofthelens(镜片)isamirrorthatreflectsthewearer’seyesbacktothefirstcamera,whichtrackseyemovement.Theothercameracapturesthetext.Wearersusetheglassesbystaringatthetexttheycan’treadandblinking(眨眼)totriggertheglasses.Thenthecapturedwordsaresenttoacloudsystem,whichprocessesthetextandturnsitintosoundplayedthroughtheearpiece.Ifthesystemisunabletoidentifythewords,theimagesaresenttoaremoteworkerwhocandealwiththem.TheOtonGlassleaddesigner,KeisukeShimakage,startedworkingontheglassesin2012toaidhisfather,whohaddevelopeddyslexia,aconditionthatmakesitdifficultforsomeonetoreadandspell.Whilehisfathereventuallyrecovered,Shimakagecontinuedhisdevelopmentinordertohelpotherswiththedisorder.Currently,theOtonGlassisseekingfunding.Backerscangetapairoftheglassesfor5,000yen(roughly$47).Smartglassesaren’tanewconcept,butit’sdifficulttopointtoanysinglepairofsmartglassesthatpeoplehavereviewedfavorably.Itcould,perhaps,bethatpreviousproductstriedtodotoomuch,orweretooexpensive.That’swhyIntel’sVauntsmartglassesstrippedoutsomefeatures,likeitscamera,LCDscreen,andspeakers.TheOtonGlassisforaveryspecificaudience,anditsrelativelylowpricecouldmakeitmoreappealingtothosewhowantanaffordablewaytounderstandthetextaroundthem.1、WhatwasKeisuke’soriginalpurposeindesigningtheOtonGlass?A．Totreathisfather’sdisease.B．Totranslatetextintosound.C．Toassisthisfathertoread.D．Tomakewrittentexteasiertoread.2、WhatistherightorderhowtheOtonGlassworks?a.Thecameracapturesthewords.b.Thewearerstaresatthetext.c.Thewearerhearsthesoundviatheearpiece.d.Thecloudsystemturnsthetextintosound.e.Thewearerblinkstogettheglassesworking.A．a,b,e,c,dB．e,b,c,d,aC．b,d,a,e,cD．b,e,a,d,c3、Theunderlinedpart“strippedout”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby________.A．improvedB．removedC．increasedD．invented4、Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．TheadvantagesoftheOtonGlass.B．Thecharacteristicsofsmartglasses.C．Consumers’evaluationoftheOtonGlass.D．Thetargetaudiencesofvarioussmartglasses.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Afewdaysago,mysisterLizandItalkedaboutDad,andwedecidedtogethimalittlesomethingforFather'sDay.Wetalkedaboutthetimeswhenwewere1upandhowMomandDadusedtoplaythe‘goodcop,badcop’thingonus.Dadhasbeenapersonoffewwordssincewewere2.Heraisedusmoreby3thananythingelse.Whenhespoke,thoughwelistened,hewasalwaysmysteriousanddifficulttounderstand.Therewasalwaysa(n)4meaningthatInevergot,butLizalways5todecipher(破解)him.BythetimeIgottohighschool,IhadwantedaskateboardandI6Iwastoooldtoaskmoneyfrommyparents,soIworkedataburgerjoint(美式汉堡店).Oneday,Iwasreallyangryaboutannoyingburgers.Icamehomehuffingandpuffing(气喘吁吁).Dadsawmeandaskedmewhatwasthe7ItoldhimthatIwasfedupwithannoyingburgers.Hesaidthatweallhavetostartsomewhere,thatwemaynotknowitnow,buttheskillswelearneveninaburgerjointmightcomeinhandy______inlife,‘Whoknows,youmightenduphavingtoruna8orevenownonewhenyougrowup,’saidDad.He9medownandIkeptwhathesaidinmind,eventhoughIreallydidn’tagreewithit.Acoupleofyearslater,whenIgottocollege,Iworkedinarestaurant.Duringoneofthereally10daysthatwehad,wewereshortonkitchenstaff.Ourcustomersweregettingimpatientandthe11weregettingdelayed.Weweresureanyminutesomethingterriblewould12out.Icouldn’tstandthe13anymore,soIrolledupmysleeves,gotmyselfahairnetandhelpedoutinthehotkitchen.Wecaughtupwiththeorders14TheownersawwhatIdidandcalledmeoveraround15time.Hesaidthathewasvery16HeraisedmysalaryandmademetheassistantmanagereventhoughIcouldonlygopart-time.Thatwas17Irealizedthatwhatmydadsaidtomeallthoseyearsbeforewasabsolutelytrue.I’veneverforgottenwhatmydadsaidthatday.AndwheneverIhavetodosomethingthatrequiresnewskills,nomatterhowinsignificantor18itseems,Ihaveanewperspective(看法)thatitmightreallyhelpmelateronorevenrightnowandIjustdon’tknowit.Experienceiseverythingandit19alotwhenyoutakelessonsfromit.That’smylife’sphilosophy.1、A．getting B．going C．growing D．coming2、A．schoolboys B．kids C．adults D．graduates3、A．instruction B．example C．order D．inspiration4、A．obvious B．clear C．reasonable D．hidden5、A．failed B．refused C．tried D．managed6、A．imagined B．promised C．believed D．suggested7、A．experience B．matter C．event D．accident8、A．later B．sooner C．latter D．late9、A．restaurant B．hospital C．school D．plant10、A．calmed B．wrote C．1et D．put11、A．exciting B．worrying C．busy D．happy12、A．meetings B．parties C．menus D．orders13、A．break B．show C．go D．set14、A．quarrel B．1aziness C．relaxation D．tension15、A．eventually B．regularly C．obviously D．thankfully16、A．breakfast B．1unch C．opening D．closing17、A．influenced B．interested C．inspired D．impressed18、A．when B．why C．whether D．where19、A．important B．impressive C．interesting D．small20、A．works B．counts C．shows D．studies第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）语法填空ThedeathtollfromapowerfultyphoonsweepingacrossChina’seastcoastroseto30onSunday,with1．least18stillmissing,aftertorrentialdownpoursforcedmorethan1million2．(leave)theirhomes,thestatenewsmediareported.3．(Near)5millionpeopleinZhejiangprovincehavebeenaffectedbythestorm,TyphoonLekima,4．madelandfallearlySaturday,accordingtothereports.ManyofthedeathsoccurredinYongjiaCounty,nearthecityofWenzhou,whenthecollapseofanaturaldamsetoffaflashfloodthatsweptawayseveralpeople,saidCCTV.Thetyphoon,whichpackedwindsofupto116mph,causedmajortraveldisruptionsacrosstheregion,5．(include)inShanghai,withthousandsofflightscanceledandtrainoperationssuspended.ShanghaiDisneylandwasclosedonSaturday.InZhejiang,thetyphoondamagedmorethan400,000acresofcropsand34,000homes,amountingtoeconomiclossesofmorethan$2.2billion,saidXinhuaNewsagency,citingprovincialauthorities.OfficialsinthecityofLinhai,nearTaizhou,saidonSundaythatthetyphoon6．(cause)theworstfloodingthereinthe70-yearhistoryofthepeople’sRepublicofChina,withwaterlevelsashighas367．(foot)causingmajorpowerfailures.Statenewsreportsshowedpeoplewadingthroughwaist-highwaterinthecenturies-oldcity’snarrowalleyways.Lekima,China’s8．(nine)typhoonoftheyear,isexpectedtomake9．secondlandingonSundayeveningfarthernorthinShangdongprovince,thestatenewsmediasaid.Moretraveldisruptionsare10．(like).第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(︿),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Thismorning,IfounditwassnowingHeavily、Attractedbythebeautifulsight,Idecidedtogoouttotakesomephoto、Thesnowfinallystoppedatnoon,andIcouldn'twaitgooutsidewithmycamera、AsIwalkedonthepathinthefrontofourbuilding,Isawaboysuddenlyslipinthesnow-coveredground、ItwasatthatmomentwhenIrealizedwhatIshoulddo、Immediately,Ireturnedhometogetabroombutstartedtosweepthepath、IworkedsohardlythatIsweatedalot、Anhourlate,thethicksnowwasclearedaway、Lookedatthecleanpath,myneighborsallsmiledandgavemethumbsup、IfeltveryhappythatIhavedonesomethingformyneighborhood、第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．