初中英语一般将来时详解

Grammar:SimpleFutureSimplefuturehastwodifferentformsinEnglish:"will"and"begoingto."Althoughthetwoformscansometimesbeusedinterchangeably,theyoftenexpresstwoverydifferentmeanings.Thesedifferentmeaningsmightseemtooabstractatfirst,butwithtimeandpractice,thedifferenceswillbecomeclear.Both"will"and"begoingto"refertoaspecifictimeinthefuture.[will+VERB]Examples:Youwillhelphimlater.•Willyouhelphimlater?•Youwillnothelphimlater.•[am/is/are+goingto+VERB]Examples:YouaregoingtomeetJanetonight.•AreyougoingtomeetJanetonight?•YouarenotgoingtomeetJanetonight.•1a"Will"oftensuggeststhataspeakerwilldosomethingvoluntarily.Avoluntaryactionisonethespeakerofferstodoforsomeoneelse.Often,weuse"will"torespondtosomeoneelse'scomplaintorrequestforhelp.Wealsouse"will"whenwerequestthatsomeonehelpusorvolunteertodosomethingforus.Similarly,weuse"willnot"or"won't"whenwerefusetovoluntarilydosomething.Examples:IwillsendyoutheinformationwhenIgetit.•Iwilltranslatetheemail,soMr.Smithcanreadit.••Willyoumakedinner?•••••A:Thephoneisringing.•B:I'llgetit.2a"Will"isusuallyusedinpromises.Examples:IwillcallyouwhenIarrive.•IfIamelectedPresidentoftheUnitedStates,Iwillmakesure•everyonehasaccesstoinexpensivehealthinsurance.•Don'tworry,'llbecareful.•Iwon'ttellanyoneyoursecret.•3a"Begoingto"expressesthatsomethingisaplan.Itexpressestheideathatapersonintendstodosomethinginthefuture.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheplanisrealisticornot.Examples:HeisgoingtospendhisvacationinHawaii.•SheisnotgoingtospendhervacationinHawaii.A:Whenarewegoingtomeeteachothertonight?B:Wearegoingtomeetat6PM.•••••••Michelleisgoingtobeginmedicalschoolnextyear.TheyaregoingtodriveallthewaytoAlaska.Whoareyougoingtoinvitetotheparty?A:WhoisgoingtomakeJohn'sbirthdaycake?B:SueisgoingtomakeJohn'sbirthdaycake.4aBoth"will"and"begoingto"canexpresstheideaofageneralpredictionaboutthefuture.Predictionsareguessesaboutwhatmighthappeninthefuture.In"prediction"sentences,thesubjectusuallyhaslittlecontroloverthefutureandthereforeUSES1-3donotapply.Inthefollowingexamples,thereisnodifferenceinmeaning.Examples:Theyear2222willbeaveryinterestingyear.•Theyear2222isgoingtobeaveryinterestingyear.•JohnSmithwillbethenextPresident.•JohnSmithisgoingtobethenextPresident.•Themovie"Zenith"willwinseveralAcademyAwards.•Themovie"Zenith"isgoingtowinseveralAcademyAwards.•Inthesimplefuture,itisnotalwaysclearwhichUSEthespeakerhasinmind.Often,thereismorethanonewaytointerpretasentence'smeaning.Likeallfutureforms,thesimplefuturecannotbeusedinclausesbeginningwithtimeexpressionssuchas:when,while,before,after,bythetime,assoonas,if,unless,etc.Insteadofsimplefuture,simplepresentisused.Examples:Whenyouwillarrivetonight,wewillgooutfordinner.NotCorrectWhenyouarrivetonight,wewillgooutfordinner.Correct••Theexamplesbelowshowtheplacementforgrammaradverbssuchas:always,only,never,ever,still,just,etc.Examples:Youwillneverhelphim.•Willyoueverhelphim?•YouarenevergoingtomeetJane.•AreyouevergoingtomeetJane?•/Examples:Johnwillfinishtheworkb