英语时态结构-标志词总结

1、英语时态结构，标志词总结、 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E4%B8%80%E8%88%AC%E7%8E%B0%E5%9C%A8%E6%97%B6&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 一般现在时结构：主+be(am/is/are)+其他/ 主+ HYPERLINK /search?word=%E5%AE%9E%E4%B9%89%E5%8A%A8%E8%AF%8D&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 实义动词+其他/ 主+ HYPERLINK /search?word=%E6%83%85%E6%80%81%E5%8

2、A%A8%E8%AF%8D&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 情态动词+动原+其他标志词：often, always, usually, sometimes , every week (day/year/month), once a week, on Sundays, on weekdays，from time to time、 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E4%B8%80%E8%88%AC%E5%B0%86%E6%9D%A5%E6%97%B6&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 一般将来时结构：主+will

3、/shall+其他/主+ HYPERLINK /search?word=be%20going%20to&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank be going to +其他/主+be+动-ing+其他（现在进行时表示将来）标志词：tomorrow, in the future, next week , next Sunday, the day after tomorrow，in+ 一段时间,soon，from now on、 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E4%B8%80%E8%88%AC%E8%BF%87%E5%8E%BB%E6%97%B6&f

4、r=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 一般过去时结构：主+be(was/ were)+其他/ 主+动词过去式+其他/ 标志词：一段时间ago, yesterday, in 1945，at that time，once，during the war，before, in the past , the day before yesterday, last week(year/ night/ month), just now, at the age of 5, HYPERLINK /search?word=one%20day&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf

5、8 t _blank one day, long long ago, once upon a time，this morning，a moment ago、 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E7%8E%B0%E5%9C%A8%E5%AE%8C%E6%88%90%E6%97%B6&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 现在完成时结构：主+have/has+动词过去分词+其他标志词：ever, never, since, already, yet, just, before, twice, once ,three times, at the momen

6、t, at present/for+时间段；since+时间点/常见的副词：lately，recently，up to now, till now, so far, these days，in the past few years(monthsweeksdays)、 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E7%8E%B0%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%9B%E8%A1%8C%E6%97%B6&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 现在进行时结构：主+be(am/is/are)+动词 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E7%8E%B0%E5%

7、9C%A8%E5%88%86%E8%AF%8D&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 现在分词+其他标志词：now, at the moment !at this time ,these days ,Look! Listen! 、 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E8%BF%87%E5%8E%BB%E8%BF%9B%E8%A1%8C%E6%97%B6&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 过去进行时结构：主+be(was/ were)+动词 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E7%8E%B0%E5%9C%

8、A8%E5%88%86%E8%AF%8D&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 现在分词+其他标志词：at that moment, at this time of yesterday, at eight last night，at 8:00am yesterday，at this time last night ,at that time 、 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E8%BF%87%E5%8E%BB%E5%AE%8C%E6%88%90%E6%97%B6&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 过去完成时结构：

9、主+had+动词过去分词+其他标志词：by the end of last year(term, month)， HYPERLINK /search?word=%E8%BF%87%E5%8E%BB%E5%AE%8C%E6%88%90%E6%97%B6&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 过去完成时常用在told，said，knew，heard等词后的宾语从句或 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E9%97%B4%E6%8E%A5%E5%BC%95%E8%AF%AD&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 间接引语中，这时

10、从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。、过去将来时结构：主+would/should+其他/主+was/were going to +其他标志词：the next day/morning/year，the following year/week/month英语部分语法 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E9%A1%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%BA%9C&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 顺口溜、名词：记住f(e)结尾的 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D%E5%A4%8D%E6%95%B0&

11、fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 名词复数：(把f(e)变成v在加es)妻子(wife)持刀(knife)去宰狼(wolf)，小偷(thief)吓得发了慌； 躲在架(shelf)后保己(self)命(life)，半(half)片树叶(leaf)遮目光。 “某国人”的单复数：中日不变(Chinese、Japanese )英法变(Englishman/BritishmanEnglishmen/Britishmen 、FrenchmanFrenchmen)其余s加后面(Australians、Germans、Russians、Americans、Indians、It

12、alians、Koreans 、Canadians)巧计名词单复数同形的：中国人和日本人喜欢绵羊、鹿和鱼Chinese 、Japanese、sheep、deer、fish巧记以-o结尾加-es的词：A.“两人两菜”（hero, negro, potato, tomato)B.一句话 Negroes and heroes like to eat potatoes and tomatoes. 巧记不规则名词单变复：男女脚步牙鹅，老鼠加虱婆。man-men; woman-women; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; goose-geese; mouse-mice; louse-lic

13、e.、动词：Be动词的用法：我用am，你用are，is跟着他她它，凡是复数都用are感官 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E4%BD%BF%E5%BD%B9%E5%8A%A8%E8%AF%8D&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 使役动词“八字言”： 一感feel,二听hear, listen to, 三让have, let, make,四看see, look at, observe, watch 半帮助：help(另外还有：notice ,taste ,smell)感官 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E4%BD%BF%E5%B

14、D%B9%E5%8A%A8%E8%AF%8D&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 使役动词用法：感使动词真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪；主动句里to走开， HYPERLINK /search?word=%E8%A2%AB%E5%8A%A8%E5%8F%A5&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 被动句里to回来用“不定式”和“ HYPERLINK /search?word=%E5%8A%A8%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 动名词”造成的意义上的差别归为五点：不定式

15、HYPERLINK /search?word=%E5%8A%A8%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 动名词A）.某一具体行动 指一般的、经常的情况B）.表示主语和宾语的动作 可能表示任何人的动作C）.主动 被动D）.未发生的事 已发生的事E）.短暂的或可能进行的事 延续的或重复发生的事接“不定式”作宾语的动词：(vt+to do)三个希望两答应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide不要假装在选择：pet

16、end，choose要求跟“不定式”作宾补的动词：(vt+sb/sth +to do)(1)劝教命请叫(advise, teach, order, command, ask, tell)(2)允许又警告( allow, permit, warn)(3)使役表意向(cause, let, have, make, lead, set, leave, get, wish, want, expect)(4)知觉动词妙(feel, hear, watch, see, observe, notice)带双宾的动词：“七给”，“一带”to不少， (vt.+sth直宾+to+sb间宾; vt+sb+sth)(

17、give给、pass递给、lend借给、write写给、show给看、send寄给、hand交给)(bring带)“买”“画”“制作”for来了。(vt.+sth直宾+for+sb间宾)(buy、draw、make)既跟 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E5%8A%A8%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 动名词也跟不定式的动词：(vt+ doing /vt+to do)begin, start, continue, forget, remember, regret, intend, like, love, h

18、ate, try, mean只能接“动名词”作宾语的动词：(vt+ doing)值得、想象、莫回避，建议、坚持别放弃不禁、完成、莫推迟，喜爱、练习不介意错过、考虑、介词to，后接动词加ing动词：mind，finish，enjoy，suggest，permit，appreciate，consider，miss，dislike，keep(on)，avoid，permit，imagine，risk，escape，admit，stand(忍受)，allow，forbid，excuse 短语： HYPERLINK /search?word=give%20up&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=u

19、tf8 t _blank give up，put off，look forward to，feel like，insist on，object to，preventfrom，set about，cant help，be/get used to，be worth doing，be no good doing，be no use doing，be busy doing ,pay attention to 加-ing要双写的常见动词：一m(swim)两d和g(nod, rid) (dig, beg)三n(run, win, begin)四p(dip, drop, mop, stop)，十t(sit,

20、 hit, fit, set, get, bet, put, regret, forget, pat)(下加线的词，构成过去式、过去分词时，也须双写尾字母）只能接不定式做宾语如：(v+to do)help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，plan，demand，dare，manage，agree，prepare，fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，long，(happen，seem)、 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E6%95%B0%

21、E8%AF%8D&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 数词：基变序,有规律,词尾加上th,一二三特殊记,结尾字母t/d/d,八减t,九减e,f代ve,几加几要注意,前为基数后为序、其他：对划线部分提问的程序：一代（用 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E7%96%91%E9%97%AE%E8%AF%8D&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 疑问词代替划线部分），二移（把 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E7%96%91%E9%97%AE%E8%AF%8D&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf

22、8 t _blank 疑问词移至句首）三倒（颠倒主谓语，但对主语或其定语提问时除外）四抄（照抄其它部分）some time与some times：分开是“一段”，相连是“某时”分开s是“倍次”，相连s是“有时”巧计 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E7%BA%A7&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 比较级不规则变化：“坏”“病”两“多”和两“好”一是“远”来二是“老”“litter”是少不是小、a和an的用法：An hour ago, an honest man accepted an honorable t

23、ask. (一小时前,一位诚实的人接受了一项光荣的任务。) In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walk along a one-way road with a usual tool. This is a usual thing.(在一所大学里,有一个欧洲人和一个 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E7%8B%AC%E7%9C%BC%E9%BE%99&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 独眼龙拿着有用的工具沿着一条 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E5%8D%95%E8%A1

24、%8C%E9%81%93&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 单行道行走,这是件平常的事。)在26个英文字母中,a, e, i, o, f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x等12个字母的读音是以 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 元音开头的,其余字母则是以 HYPERLINK /search?word=%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3&fr=qb_search_exp&ie=utf8 t _blank 辅音.宾语从句的主语：一随主，二

25、随宾，三不变。e.g.(1)She said I will go home .改：She said that she would go home.（一随主）(2)She said to me You can go with me.改She said to me that I could go with her.(二不变)(3) She said to me He will go home.改She said to me that he would go home.(三不变)2.宾语从句中注意时态1.若主语为一般过去时，则宾语从句的时态要变为过去的某一时态。e.g.(1)He said I wi

26、l go home.“改 He said that he would go home.(一般将来时改为过去将来时)（2）He said I have had lunch.改 He said that he had had lunch.(现在完成时改为过去完成时)(3)He said I know a lot about the teacher.改He said that he knew a lot about the teacher.(一般现在时改为一般过去时)（4）He said I had lunch. He said that he had had lunch.(一般过去时改为过去完成时）(5)He said I am playing games改He said that he was playing games.(现在进行时改为过去进行时）特殊He said The earth goes around the sun.改 He said that the earth goes aroung the sun.(当直接引语中表示客观