2022-2023学年北京市北京四中高三下学期第五次调研考试英语试题含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回2答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置3请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符4作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效5如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1-My computer doesn

2、t work!-Robert is a computer expert. How I wish he_ with me.AcameBhad comeCis comingDhas come2Wechat intends to radically change the way _ people use mobilephones.A/BwhichCwhyDwho38 students and 2 teachers at Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed with a shotgun and a pistol. This is one of

3、 the many gun-related tragedies that have happened in the last 2 years.Akilled Bwere killedChave killed Dhave been killed4-Mum, can you tell me why some parents send their children to study abroad at a very young age?-_, darling. I have never thought about it.AYou have got me there BTake your timeCY

4、ou bet DDont be silly5Mary really hard on his book and thinks hell have finished it by Friday.AworkedBhas been workingChad workedDhas worked6Is this your cell phone, Tony? I _ it when I was cleaning the classroom.Acame acrossBdealt withClooked afterDheld on to7Dont take it seriously，AliceI wasnt mak

5、ing _ fun of you its nothing but _ jokeA/; theBthe; theCthe; aD/; a8Why did you come by taxi?My car broke down last week and I still it repaired.Adidnt haveBhadnt hadChavent hadDwont have9Im afraid that I cant attend Toms wedding party _ next weekend.Ato be heldBbeing heldCheldDis to be held10Jess w

6、as sad and her friend helped her _ the first awful weeks after her husband Bill died.Abreak throughBbreak downCget throughDget rid of11Mark has lived in China for many years, yet he still cant _ himself to the Chinese customs.AobserveBadaptCleadDdevote12Its that time of year again， when Alipay _ us

7、just how much weve been spending， and on whatAremindsBremindedChas remindedDis reminding13Looking people in the eye _ sometimes make them nervous and embarrassed.AmustBcanCshouldDmight14Instead of making choices for their children, liberal parents usually say, “Go where you _ .”AwillBshouldCcanDmust

8、15Having lost something in the cloakroom，I went inside to get it，and found Roy _ the pockets of peoples coats.Agoing aroundBgoing afterCgoing againstDgoing through16Michelle Obama wears clothes that anyone can buy in a mall and _ she may have a larger effect on consumers than ordinary models.Afurthe

9、rmoreBotherwiseCneverthelessDtherefore17He isnt such a man _ he used to be.AwhoBwhomCthatDas18People from all walks of life are eager for success, _ lack of confidence, however, is a great barrier.AwhereBwhichCto whichDbeyond which19The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a li

10、vingAthatBwhenCwhereDwhich20That student admitted in the math exam, that he would never do that again in the future.Ato have cheated, promisingBcheating, promisedCto cheating, promisedDhaving cheated, promising第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） Against the supposition that fores

11、t fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm

12、 the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause wa

13、rming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning tr

14、ees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone（臭氧）levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more

15、 radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.“We need to find out all possible ways

16、to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the

17、same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by t

18、he earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.1、According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _.Aresult in

19、a warming climateBcause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyClead to a longer fire seasonDprotect the forests and the environment there2、The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT _.Alarge amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphereBthe levels of ozone which is

20、a type of oxygen increaseCsnow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into spaceDashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun3、Earlier studies about northern forest fires _.Aanalyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateBindicate that forest fire

21、s will pollute the atmosphereCsuggest that people should take measures to protect the environmentDsuggest that the fires will speed up climate warming4、The underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means _.AreleasedBabsorbedCcreatedDdistributed5、From the passage we can draw a c

22、onclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may _.Awarm the climate as the supposition goesBallow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateCdestroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceDhelp to gain more energy rather than release more ene

23、rgy22（8分）Recently the sewer line (污水管道) under our house didnt work. My first response was to call a repairman.made the call, expecting the man at the other end of the line to complain about such an awful job. Instead, he simply asked, “The address?”An hour later Steve arrived in his truck. He looked

24、 exactly as I had imagined he might: broad and bearlike, in well-worn clothing. “Can you fix it?”I asked with a mixture of doubt and hope. Steve looked at me as if responding to my lack of faith. With a cheerful shrug that suggested my crisis was all in a days work for him, he said, “Sure.”After a s

25、hort while, Steve told me that he had to get a tool and tear up the street to the main sewer line. He would first have to get permission from the town. I registered appropriate panic. “How long will all this take?”Again, a shrug. “I should have it done by evening.”I did not want to watch the digging

26、 of my property unfold and went into town to visit some fiends. I felt somewhat guilty upon driving off in my clean vehicle, leaving Steve to such a disagreeable task. Finally, when I went home, a sweeter sight I never saw; a period of newly paved street and all was tidy and relatively dry.I need to

27、 say, in my own defense, that I am not a weak father of two children. Ive traveled all over the world, served in the United States Navy and earned a PhDBut the broken sewer line was my limit. Then I thought about Steve. Big, rough, and how people might judge him, if not for his appearance then for h

28、is work. And I was taken by the very idea that, no matter what crisis occurs, there is somebody, somewhere, who has the appropriate tools and settles it.1、What do we know about Steve?AHe wears neat and new clothes.BHe is quite confident of his skills.CHe always complains about his job.DHe hesitates

29、to accept the repair work.2、What did Steve think of the authors crisis?AIts a great challenge.BIts beyond his ability.CIts a part of his routine.DIts none of his business.3、Why did the author leave home during the repairs?AHe liked to take his time riding outside.BHe drove to turn to his friends for

30、 help.CHe was afraid of being looked down upon.DHe was unwilling to face the embarrassing situation.4、What can be inferred from the text?AAction speaks louder than words.BGod helps those who help themselves.CEvery profession produces its top experts.DHope for the best, but prepare for the worst.23（8

31、分）Neither style of thinking is better or worse than the other; theyre just different, as Professor Ankush Chopra explains To be a great artist, musician, or big-picture thinker, holistic thinking is importantits about context, and intuition (直觉) is importantMany careers like those in science or law,

32、 reward analytic thinking, which looks at parts and units, and is specific and logical Of course, the most successful people will be able to do both kinds of thinking, though generally holistic thinking, linked to creativity, is more difficult to teach than analytic thinkingSo those people who are a

33、nalytic thinkers will see a price of $1.99 by looking at the single numbers, and will prioritize the first number when it comes to price. “Holistic thinkers tend to view all price numbers as a whole and are less likely to be affected by the nine-ending price effect,” Lingjiang Lora Tu, Ph. D, profes

34、sor of marketing at Baylor and a studys lead author, told Phys. orgHowever, that the type of thinking allows holistic thinkers to see the whole rather than the parts goes out the window when theyre stressed or distracted (分心的)“Our findings suggest that regardless of consumers thinking style, nine-en

35、ding prices are most likely to be effective in situations that overuse consumers resources, such as when shoppers are time-pressured at the checkout counter or distracted by background music or occupied with an interactive product demonstration,” Tu saidThis study was done with the idea that markete

36、rs should know about these differences in thinking style and keep them in mind when theyre pricing things for different types of peopleBut anyone who buys things can benefit too, by figuring out what kind of thinker you are, and then keeping that in mind when the signs show “sale” with a loud noise!

37、and reminding yourself that nobody makes the best decisions when theyre distracted1、Which of the following can be the best example of holistic thinking?AOnly if the whole thing makes sense can Jack concentrate on detailsBIn American shops, you can find many things with nine-ending pricesCJack kept o

38、n working on one thing and finally achieved great successDUnderstanding each paragraph leads to understanding the whole passage2、The underlined word “prioritize” in Para. 2 most probably means “_”Atake no notice of Btreat.equallyCthink of.the trickiest Dconsider.the most important3、According to the

39、passage, a consumer should remember that _Athe nine-ending prices can equally affect any type of consumerBpricing things for different types of people benefits customersCbackground music isnt always to create a pleasant atmosphereDits impossible to affect him even if hes distracted or stressed4、From

40、 the passage we know that _Adifferent thinking styles create different pricing systemsBpreference of pricing system can indicate thinking styleCholistic thinking somewhat outweighs analytic thinkingDboth styles of thinking cannot be beneficial to one career24（8分） Youll find it amazing to support peo

41、ple when you go out to eat! Just look for restaurants that hire people with disabilities，which are making the world a more inclusive place. Each bakery，caf and restaurant below has a wonderful and heartwarming story.Hugs Care: McKinney，TexasRuth Thompson once had a vision to create a nonprofit caf t

42、hat would be run and operated primarily by adults with special needs. With hard work，a strong passion and an amazing team，Hugs Caf opened its doors in 2015.“Hugs Caf is now so much more than a job to our 23 teammates，which is enhancing the meaningful lives of adults with special needs through traini

43、ng and employment at Hugs Caf. Thompson says.VinnyBays Coffee and Eatery: Panama City，Florida“A lot of people plan their vacations around coming to this coffee shop，”says caf owner Kara Rigby. Vinny Bays Coffee and Eatery was established “so that Baylee had a place to work，”Rigby adds. Baylee is Rig

44、bys daughters friend who has a disability. The coffee shops goal become training for individuals like Baylee. Some workers have even started at Vinny Bay s and were able to work in a regular workplace. Rigby says that her employees” have a whole lot more abilities than disabilities. They love uncond

45、itionally，and it changes the whole environment and business.” Rigby believes that incorporating even just one or two disabled individuals into a business can change the whole atmospherefor the better!Sugar Pl um Bakery: Virginia Beach，VirginiaHead to Sugar Plum Bakery to find a delicious carrot cake

46、 and see people with disabilities successfully working alongside nonedisabled workers. Sugar Plum has been promoting the integration of adult s with developmental disabilities by providing training and employment opportunities to more than 1，000 people with disabilities since 1987.Whether theyre sco

47、oping cookies or making cupcakes，Sugar Plums disabled employees are the backbone of the bakery.1、What do the three restaurants have in common?AThey are established by adults with special needs.BThey are supported by charities or local government.CThe provide training and employment to disabled indiv

48、iduals.DThe employers and employees there are all individuals with disabilities.2、It can be known from the passage that _.AHugs Caf set up in 1987 now has 23 teammatesBRigby founded her coffee shop to help Baylee，her daughterCDisabled individuals are not able to work in a regular workplaceDSugar P1u

49、m Bakery hires both normal people and people with disabilities3、What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest?ADisabled workers there are the most important part.BThe bakery get s support and strength from backbone.CThe customers are always backing the disabled workers.DThe employe

50、es have a whole lot more abilities than disabilities.25（10分）The philosopher Robert Nozick used the idea of an “experience machine” to refute the view that good experiences are all we want from life. He thought that most of us would not choose the machine and prefer reality. “But why?” he encouraged

51、us to ask.There was no such thing as virtual（虚拟的）reality (VR) when he was writing. But now we can give ourselves computer generated experiences that are like the real thing. The question raised by Nozick has become a real issue. Why should you prefer the trouble and expense of actually visiting Angk

52、or Wat or Niagara Falls when you can get all the experiences of being there by putting on goggles and a body suit?One answer is that the emotions you feel when you have a virtual experience are not as valuable. When you actually see Niagara Falls, you feel awe and even fear in the face of an overpow

53、ering force of nature. Being in the presence of something that causes you these feelings is part of the pleasure.Visiting a virtual Niagara Falls may also cause you feelings of awe and fear but they are cheapened by your knowledge that the danger is not real and that your mind is being tricked into

54、thinking that it is.Reality also holds a potential for making discoveries that virtual reality lacks. Those who visit Angkor Wat hope to see more than they expected from tourist information, perhaps even discover what have been missed. Computer simulations（模拟）, however good, contain only what have b

55、een put into them.There is a further reason for preferring a real experience. Real experiences connect us to the deeds of past people and place us in contexts where history was made. Viewing an actual paining by Rembrandt is a more valuable experience than viewing a copy, however good. The genuine p

56、ainting was the work of the man himself. We see his brush strokes on the canvas. We are in the presence of genius.Virtual reality can take us to places we can never go. It can be exciting, amusing and a good way of spending leisure time. But it will be a substitute for connections with the real thin

57、g.1、What does the underlined word “refute” in Paragraph 1 mean?AContradict. BExpress.CProve. DCorrect.2、What does the author think of virtual reality?AIt can benefit people in certain aspects.BIt will be smart enough to satisfy our needs.CIt cannot cause feeling of fear or happiness.DIt cannot help

58、us understand what has happened.3、Which of the following is the best title for the text?AWhat VR Cannot Offer.BHow VR Change Our Life.CHow VR Is Different from Reality.DWhy VR Cannot Match the Real Thing.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短

59、文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was in my high school science class. I was doing a task in front of the classroom with my favorite shirt on. A 1 came, “Nice shirt,” I smiled from ear to ear. Then another voice said, “That shirt belonged to my dad. Gregs mother works for my family. We were

60、going to 2 that shirt away, but gave it to her 3 ” I was speechless. I wanted to hide.I 4 the shirt in the back of the closet and told my mum what had happened. She then dialed her 5 , “I will no longer work for your family,” she told him. That night, Mom told my dad that she couldnt clean anymore;