2022-2023学年乐成公立寄宿学校高三压轴卷英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷考生须知：1全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1We have no idea what air we will be breathing in the future if we anything to stop hazy weather.Ahadnt done B

2、didnt doChavent done Ddont do2Have you heard from Jane recently?No，but I _ her over Christmas.Asaw Bwill be seeingChave seen Dhave been seeing3_much pressure the U.S. government put on the Chinese government, China would stickto its own policy of exchange rate.AHoweverBWhereverCWhateverDWhoever4With

3、 your brothers help, Ive made great progress in English and I really want to do something for him _Ain turnBby turnsCin returnDin answer5As things didnt work out the way we _, we found ourselves trying to force them and struggling to finish them.Aplan Bare planning Chad planned Dwill be planning6Why

4、 are you so late?The driver couldnt see clearly because of the fog_, the road was too icyAThereforeBOtherwiseCHoweverDBesides7 Hi, Mary. Im coming, but its snowing and traffic is moving slowly. _, Jack. Well wait for you. Then we can have dinner together.ATake your timeBDont be seriousCWhat a dayDYo

5、u are kidding8My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.Ashouldnt have attendedBcouldnt have attendedCmustnt have attendedDneednt have attended9The best method to _ the goal of helping the patients with AIDS is to unite as many sympathetic people as possible.Acomplete

6、BcommandCaccomplishDaccompany10Due to the countrys growing rate of urbanization, Chinas migrant population _ to be over 200 million by 2020.Apredicts Bis predicted Cwill have been predicted Dwill be predicted11It is well known _Confucius was born in the city of Qufu in Shandong province, China.Awhet

7、herBwhereCthatDwhat12It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is quite _ to perform skillfully yourself.AanotherBotherCthe otherDothers13A fireworks display was organized _ the Queens birthday.Ato mark BmarkedChaving marked Dbeing marked14The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are

8、prizes for us.AwhichBwhatCwhoseDthat15_enough money, the young man was unable to buy his girlfriend expensive jewelry.ANot to saveBNot savingCNot having savedDNot saved16Have you ever been in a situation _ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?AwhereBwhichCthatDas17The par

9、t in the film the man broke down the door made some of the audience give a cry.AwhichBwhoCwhereDwhom18With the development of economy，our income has increased _ 10% in less than a year.Afor BbyCon Dat19 Anything to drink? What about coffee? Er I think Ill have a cold drink coffee.Aother thanBmore th

10、anCless thanDrather than20语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。1. anything AmanyBmagazineCmanageDmatch2. achievedApracticedBmarkedCoperatedDdamaged3. dealtA. deal BgreatCmeantDleader4. seize Aeither B. receive C. eight D. height5. youth Athus Bbreakthrough Cgather Dalthough第二部

11、分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） In 1874 Francis Galton, a British professor, analysed a sample of English scientists and found the vast majority to be first-born sons. This led him to theorise that first-born children enjoyed a special level of attention from their parents that

12、allowed them to advance intellectually. Half a century later Alfred Adler, an Austrian psychologist, made a similar argument relating to personality. First-born children, he suggested, were more diligent, while the later-born were more outgoing and emotionally stable. Many subsequent studies have ex

13、plored these ideas, but their findings have been varied - some supporting and some rejecting the original conclusions.The main problem with the previous studies is that they were too small - often limited to a few dozen individuals. This would be true even if the statistical methods needed to analys

14、e the data were simple, but they are not. Distinguishing birth-order effects from those caused by family size complicates matters, meaning still bigger samples must be analysed to obtain meaningful results.To overcome the limitation of these earlier studies, German social scientist Dr. Helmet Schmuk

15、le and his colleagues analysed three huge sets of data from America, Britain and Germany. These data sets, though collected for other purposes, included personality and intelligence tests on 20, 186 people at different stages of their lives. The American tests were on individuals aged between 29 and

16、 35. The British tests were conducted on 50-year-olds. The German tests ran the whole span of adult life, from 18 to 98.Birth order, they found, had no effect on personality: first-borns were no more, nor less, likely than their younger siblings to be hardworking, outgoing or anxious. But it did aff

17、ect intelligence. In a family with two children, the first child was more intelligent than the second 60% of the time, rather than the 50% that would be expected by chance. On average, this translated to a difference of 1.5 IQ points between first and second siblings. That figure agrees with previou

18、s studies, and thus looks confirmed.It is, nevertheless, quite a small difference - and whether it is enough to account for Galtons original observation is unclear. In any event, it is certainly not deterministic. Galton was the youngest of nine.1、Alfred Adler concluded that first-born children were

19、 _.Amore stableBmore sociableCmore intelligentDmore hardworking2、What does the underlined “they” in paragraph 2 refer to?AThe data.BThe analyses.CThe previous studies.DThe statistical methods.3、Why was Schmukles study considered superior to previous research?AIt involved a wider age range.BIt had a

20、much larger sample size.CIt included a larger number of countries.DIt was conducted over a longer period of time.4、Why does the author mention Galtons family background in the last paragraph?ATo confirm Galtons difficult upbringing.BTo suggest Galtons theory may not be correct.CTo compare his experi

21、ence with Galtons parents.DTo explain why Galton was interested in birth order.22（8分） Russian police have started a new attempt to get drivers to slow down at zebra crossings by having painted horses as zebras walk across on the busiest streets in some of the big cities in an attempt to improve road

22、 safety and raise awareness among Russias notoriously (臭名昭著地) careless drivers.The light grey horses, painted with black stripes, carried signs on their backs reading: “Careful, children are on their way to school.” The police sent the “zebras” to several different locations in the Russian capital,

23、where officials in orange vests walked them over zebra crossings and handed out leaflets (传单) to passing drivers.Some held up rainbow-coloured umbrellas over the painted animals to protect them from the rain. Russian roads are notoriously dangerous and drivers still rarely take the initiative (主动采取措

24、施) to avoid pedestrians. Nearly half of all traffic accidents in the countrys big cities are caused by cars hitting pedestrians, and a third of those occur on crossings, according to traffic police figures published last month.In the first six months of this year, 378 people were killed and more tha

25、n 6, 600 injured on pedestrian crossings in Russia, according to police. In Moscow alone, 43 people were killed, including two children.Though police officials said that only safe paint would be used on the animals, animal rights activists still disagreed with the idea, accusing the police of “treat

26、ing animals like garbage”.“Children understand that paints are bad for animals,” the Interfax news agency quoted president of Vita animal rights group Irina Novozhilova as saying.Lets hope this part of the campaign is over and animals are left out of future attempts to raise pedestrians awareness.1、

27、Why do Moscow police have “zebras” walk across on the busiest streets?ATo make a call on protecting animals.BTo remind people zebras are in danger of extinction.CTo tell people it is dangerous to cross streets.DTo raise drivers awareness of road safety.2、What does the underlined word “them” in parag

28、raph 2 refer to?AThe zebras.BThe horses.CThe policemen.DThe drivers.3、From the text we can learn that _.Amost Russian drivers have realized the seriousness of the problemBRussian drivers often ignore traffic lightsCRussian drivers seldom give way to pedestriansDthe driving skills of Russian drivers

29、are bad4、What do animal rights activists think of the new attempt?ADrivers must slow down at pedestrian crossings.BThese animals are ill-treated by the police.CThe paints used on the horses are safe.DRoad safety should be improved.5、Which word can best describe the authors attitude towards the campa

30、ign?ACritical.BReserved.CDoubtful.DPositive.23（8分） We can video chat with astronauts aboard the International Space Station and watch live footage from the frozen heights of Everest. But communicating with a submarine (潜艇）or a diver is not so easy. The lack of practical methods for sharing data betw

31、een underwater and airborne devices has long been a frustration for scientists. The difficulty stems from the fact that radio signals work perfectly in air travel but poorly in water. Sonar (声呐）signals used by underwater sensors reflect off the surface of the water rather than reaching the air.Now，r

32、esearchers at MIT have developed a method with the potential to revolutionize underwater communication. “What weve shown is that its actually feasible to communicate from underwater to the air, says Fadel Adib，a professor at MJT s Media Lab，who led the research.The MIT researchers designed a system

33、that uses an underwater machine to send sonar signals to the surface, making vibrations (震动)corresponding to the ls and Os of the data. A surface receiver then reads and decodes these tiny vibrations. The researchers call the system TARF. It has any number of potential real-world uses, Adib says. It

34、 could be used to find downed planes underwater by reading signals from sonar devices in a plane s black box and it could allow submarines to communicate with the surface.Right now the technology is low-resolution. The initial study was conducted in the MIT swimming pool at maximum depths of around

35、11 or 12 feet. The next steps for the researchers are to see if TARF is workable at much greater depths and under varying conditionshigh waves, storms， schools of fish. They also want to see if they can make the technology work in the other direction air to water.If the technology proves successful

36、in real-world conditions, expect “texting while diving” to be the latest underwater fashion.1、What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 1?AThe future of video chat underwater and in air.BThe frustrations of developing underwater devices.CThe difficulty of communication from water to air.DT

37、he current situation of communicating with a submarine.2、What does the underlined word “feasible” mean?AAchievable.BConvenient.CChangeable.DAlternative.3、What do we know about TARF?AIt is widely used to find downed planes.BIt can work well at great depths underwater.CIt is an underwater machine that

38、 sends signals.DIt can send，receive and read signals from underwater.4、What is the best title for the text?AThe Real-world Uses of Sonar TechnologyBFull Water-to-air Communication Closer to RealityCA Breakthrough in the Application of Video ChatDTARF Becoming a New Means of Communication24（8分）Oxford

39、 English Language CenterInformation for New StudentsCLASS TIME：8:30a. m.-10:00a. m.，10:30a. m. -12:00a. m., 1:30p. m. -3:00p. m. The Language Center is open Monday to Friday. Each class has one afternoon free per week. On the first day, go to the lecture hall to check your timetable.SELFACCESS：The l

40、anguage laboratory（Room 1110）is open Monday to Friday from 3:15p. m. to 5:00p. m. for all full-time students. You can learn how to use computers for language games or word-processing. There are tapes for students to borrow to practice their English. Go in and ask the teacher to show you. If you plan

41、 to take public examinations, there are dictation and listening comprehension tapes for you to practice with. There are cloze exercises on the computers. Ask your class teacher for a list of past exam essays. Students can borrow tapes to take home but they must be returned after two days.ATTENDANCE:

42、All students are expected to attend classes as it is required. Students who do not attend classes will be reported to OSS. Eighty percent attendance is required for students to receive their certificateswhen they finish their courses. It is also required by OSS for an extension to your visa.BOOKS:If

43、 students are given course books, the books are their responsibility. If a book is lost, the student will be expected to pay for it. If students wish to buy books, there is a bookshop in the college specializing in English books（Room 33）.1、When do classes begin and end on a full day?A8:30a. m. 1:30p

44、. m. B8:30a. m. 3:00p. m.C8:30a. m. 3:15p. m. D3:15p. m. 5:00p. m.2、Which of the following statements is true?ANo teachers are in the language lab.B90% attendance is required for the students.CBooks cant be taken out of the center.DStudents can prepare for exams by listening to tapes.3、The books tha

45、t the students wish to buy are in _.Athe lecture hall Bthe language laboratoryCRoom 1110 DRoom 3325（10分） Dolphins, African gray parrots and some other animals understand the idea of “zero,” but researchers were surprised to find that honeybees also comprehend this abstract concept, considering the i

46、nsects tiny brains, according to a new study. Honeybees have fewer than one million neurons (神经元), compared with the 86 billion neurons in humansand yet, they grasp a concept that humans, by some measures, dont start to understand before preschool.The researchers set up two cards, each of which had

47、a set of symbols on them, like triangles or circles. Then, they trained a group of the bees to fly to the card with the lower number of symbols. The bees quickly learned what the humans wanted them to do to get their delicious, sweet rewards. The trained bees were then shown a card that was empty an

48、d one that had symbols on it. There is no need for the bees to be trained to fly more often to the empty cardthus showing that they understood that “zero” was a number less than the others.Although they flew more often to an empty card than to one that had one symbol on it, it became easier for them

49、 to distinguish when the symbols on the card increased in number. For example, they more often flew to the zero when the other card had four symbols than when it had one.Perhaps these findings will explain the brain mechanism (机制) behind what allows us to understand the concept of “nothing,” Adrian

50、Dyer, a researcher said. This understanding, in turn, could help in the development of artificial intelligence (AI) that also understands this concept. “If bees can understand zero with a brain of less than a million neurons, it suggests there are simple, efficient ways to teach AI new tricks,” Dyer

51、 said in the statement.1、What is a surprising finding for the researchers?AMany animals also comprehend the meaning of “zero”.BThe number of neurons of honeybees is much smaller.CHoneybees can understand “zero” with their tiny brains.DHumans fail to recognize abstract ideas before preschool.2、What c

52、an the bees do without further training?AFly directly to the card with more symbols on it.BFly less often to the card with fewer symbols on it.CFly quite slowly to the card without anything on it.DFly more often to the card without any symbol on it.3、What does Adrian Dyer say about these findings?AT

53、hey offer inspiration to the development of technology.BThey enable people to understand more abstract concepts.CThey suggest ways to teach humans some complex tricks.DThey allow people to set a new type of brain mechanism.4、What is the main idea of the text?AHoneybees know about the concept of “zer

54、o”.BHoneybees can understand much as humans do.CHoneybees will help to improve AI in the future.DHoneybees can be trained to comprehend “zero”.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）After working one day, I decided to take hold of a sandwich for dinner at

55、 the superstore. As I was 1 home,I saw a girl sitting against a pillar（支柱）in the 2 ,her hair covered over her face and her body was 3 than a senior citizen. I decided to walk past her 4 thats what we do in societywe walk past people we dont know, especially 5 people.But something made me go back.I 6

56、 that her parents died years ago and she suffers from Lupus（狼疮）.She has no job, unable to work because of her 7 .She had lived in shelters in the past, but was abused.She 8 in the superstore to keep warm on cold days,but 9 the superstore she said wasnt safe because security guards always 10 people l

57、ike her.I used to 11 maybe one day I would make a(n) 12 and could help them. But when I met that girl, I thought to myself, what if 13 ever helps her? What if shes not going to be around 14 enough to see that one day?I didnt really think about what happened 15 .I shared my dinner with her and gave h

58、er all the 16 I could find on me. When security guards came,I 17 them into helping her instead of throwing her out as they 18 do. Now Im sharing this story with you the 19 out there. Dont wait for one day to come before you 20 someone.Now is that one day.1、Aleaving Bheading Carriving Dtouring2、Asupe

59、rstore Bshelter Cworkshop Ddining hall3、Astronger Btaller Cweaker Dshorter4、Athough Bif Cwhen Dbecause5、Ahomeless Bfriendly Cflexible Dconfident6、Alearned Btaught Cexplained Dwondered7、Asimilarity Bresponsibility Cdisability Didentity8、Arented Bexisted Cgathered Dstayed9、Aonly Beven Cjust Dstill10、A

60、looked after Bdrove away Claid off Dpicked out11、Aquestion Backnowledge Cthink Dregret12、Adecision Bappointment Cagreement Dfortune13、Asomebody Bnobody Canybody Deverybody14、Along Bquiet Cbusy Dnarrow15、Aalone Blately Cnext Dfirst16、Aenergies Bpatience Csandwiches Dmoney17、Ascolded Bpersuaded Crepor