预防滑倒、绊倒、跌倒教材课件

1、Slips, Trips, and Falls Prevention滑倒、绊倒和跌倒的预防Issue S T F问题 滑倒、绊倒&跌倒STFs represents #1 cause of injury滑倒、绊倒&跌倒（STF）是造成损伤的第1原因STFs occur in any part of the workplace whether inside or outside. STF的发生会出现在室内外工作场所的任何地方STFs may result in serious outcomes STF可能导致严重后果STFs cost to both worker and employer ca

2、n be great STF可以给雇员和雇主带来巨大的损失STFs is like stepping on money STF带来经济损失To Worker对雇员而言：To Employer对雇主而言：Pain疼痛lost wages损失薪水temporary or permanent disability暂时或永久性残疾reduced quality of life生活质量减低Depression沮丧消沉loss in productivity and business生产和业务受损increased industrial insurance premiums工伤保险费用升高costs as

3、sociated with training replacement worker与培训替代雇员有关的成本cost of medical treatment医疗成本Slip滑倒绊倒TripDefinition of STF滑倒、绊倒&跌倒（STF）的定义When your foot (or lower leg) hits an object and your upper body continues moving, throwing you off balance.当你的脚部（或小腿）碰到一个物体，而你的上身继续移动时，你会失去平衡。Occurs when you are too far of

4、f your center of balance.当你距离自身的平衡中心点过远时，你会跌倒。 When you step down unexpectedly to a lower surface (Misstep) and lose your balance, e.g., stepping off a curb.当你突然踏空（失足）并失去平衡时，比如，在道牙上踏空。When there is too little friction or traction between your feet (footwear) and the walking or working surface, and y

5、ou lose your balance.当你的脚部（鞋）与行走或工作的路面之间的摩擦力或牵引力过小时，你因此失去平衡。Trip绊倒Definition of STF Friction: The resistance encountered when an object (foot) is moved in contact with another (ground). Friction is necessary in order to walk without slipping. STF摩擦力的定义：一个物体（脚部）与另一个物体（地面）接触并在该物体上移动时产生的阻力。摩擦力是平稳行走的必要因

6、素。Fall跌倒Common types of STF Injuries:滑倒、绊倒&跌倒造成的常见伤害类型：Sprains, strains扭伤、拉伤Bruises, contusions瘀伤、挫伤Fractures骨折Abrasions, lacerations擦伤、破口Commonly affected Body Parts:容易受伤的身体部位：Knee, Ankle, Foot膝盖、踝部、脚部Wrist, Elbow手腕、肘部Back后背Shoulder肩膀Hip髋部Head头部MANY OF THESE COULD HAVE BEEN PREVENTED很多事故本来可以避免Accor

7、ding to the U. S. Department of Labor, slips, trips, and falls make up the majority of general industry accidents.根据美国劳工部的数据，滑倒、绊倒和跌倒占一般工伤事故的大部分。25% of reported claims per fiscal year are due to STF在每财年的上报索赔记录中，25%与滑倒、绊倒和跌倒有关。Over 17% of all disabling work injuries are the result of falls在所有导致残疾的工伤中

8、，超过17%是由跌倒造成的。Human Factors Increasing the Risk of Slips, Trips and Falls增加滑倒、绊倒&跌倒发生的人为因素Factors of STF导致滑倒、绊倒&跌倒的因素Health and physical condition can impair a persons vision, judgment, and balance.健康和身体状况会影响一个人的视觉、判断力和平衡性Eyesight, visual perception视力、视觉感知Age年龄Physical state, fatigue身体状况、疲劳Stress, i

9、llness压力、疾病Medications, alcohol, drug药物治疗、饮酒、吸毒Behaviours actions you choose and control can contribute to a slip, trip, and fall injury if you set yourself up for one.行为 如果你马虎大意，那么你选择和支配的行为将会导致滑倒、绊倒和跌倒损伤。Carrying or moving cumbersome objects, or too many objects, that obstruct your view impair your

10、 balance and prevent you from holding onto handrails 手提或搬动笨重的物品或过多物品会妨碍你的视野，影响你的平衡并使你无法扶着扶手。Poor housekeeping (allowing clutter to accumulate, not maintaining clean dry floors, etc.)不合格的环境整洁状况（使混乱状态不断加重，未能保持地面的干净和干爽等）Using improper cleaning methods (e.g., incorrectly using wax or polish; or trying t

11、o clean up grease spill with water)使用不当的清洁方法（如，不当使用蜡或上光剂；或试图用水来清洗油脂溢出物）Not using signage when slip or trip hazards exist当滑倒或绊倒危险存在时，没有使用标志牌Inattentive Behavior: walking, distractions (e.g., using cell phone, talking and not watching where youre going, etc.)分散精力的行为：走路时分散注意力的行为（如，打电话、走路时与人交谈及没有注意观察等）T

12、aking shortcuts; not using walkways or designated, cleared pathways; being in a hurry, rushing around抄近路：未使用通道或指定的无障碍物路径；匆忙赶路Factors Increasing the Risk of Slips, Trips and Falls滑倒、绊倒&跌倒发生增加的因素 Clutter混乱的环境 Not Paying Attention马虎大意Factors Increasing the Risk of Slips, Trips and Falls令滑倒、绊倒&跌倒风险增加的因素

13、 Not Paying Attention马虎大意Improper Method of Carrying Items不当搬运物品 Other common hazards to Look out For 警惕其他常见的危险Report these dangers上报这些危险Factors Increasing the Risk of Slips, Trips and Falls contd 滑倒、绊倒&跌倒风险增加的因素（续）Housekeeping环境整洁 Close file cabinet or storage drawers关上文件柜或抽屉 Report cables/wires th

14、at cross walkway报告出现在通道上的电缆/电线 Keep working areas and walkways well lit and clear保持工作场所和通道的良好照明及清洁情况 Report burned out bulbs报告灯泡短路 Be aware of your surroundings and report any perceived danger留心周围的物品，报告潜在的危险Housekeeping DONTs环境整洁 避免Prop fire doors open. 长时间打开防火门 Store materials in stairwells. 在楼梯间存放

15、物品Store trash cans in front of doorway. 将垃圾桶摆放在门口-Use cinderblock to prop open the doors. 为保持门的敞开状态而用炉渣砖抵住门Use chair to block an emergency cut-off valve. 用椅子挡住紧急切断阀Place chairs in dangerous areas. For example, the chair in the picture could represent a struck against hazard. Someone could sit in the

16、 chair, and strike their head on the pipe and valve behind it. 将椅子放在危险区域。比如，图片中的椅子可能是导致碰撞的危险因素。坐在椅子上的人可能将头撞到身后的管子和阀门上。This chair could also encourage smoking in the stairwell. 这把椅子也可能增加人们在楼梯间吸烟的几率。 Do Report these dangers!务必上报这些危险情况！Slip, Trip and Fall Hazard滑倒、绊倒和跌倒危险PROBLEM问题 Slip: if it is wet ou

17、tside and the mat is folded back, then the floor is getting wet instead of the mat absorbing the water.滑倒：如果户外潮湿而垫子翻卷，那么垫子就无法起到吸水的作用，地面也会随之变得潮湿。Trip: the mat is folded back and someone could catch their foot on the mat and trip.绊倒：因为垫子翻卷，有人可能将脚刮到垫子并因此绊倒。Fall: both a wet floor and caught foot could c

18、ontribute to a fall. 跌倒：潮湿的地面和脚刮到垫子的情况都可能导致跌倒的发生。Report this danger!上报这一危险情况！Can you identify the hazard你能发现危险吗This slide represents a trip hazard. Here you can see an electrical cord in the middle of the walkway. This cord is plugged into an electrical outlet.本页显示出一个绊倒风险。图片中，一条电线横在通道的中间。这条电线插在插座中。

19、Contact Facilities Management to rearrange the room so that the piece of equipment is close to the outlet or have an additional outlet installed.联系设施管理部门来重新安排房间的布局，使这台设备紧靠插座或者安装额外的插座。 If there is no way to rearrange the room or install a new outlet, then run the cord up the wall across the ceiling and down the wall