2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南科技大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号3

1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南科技大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题Shes always been kind to me I cant just turn（ ）on her now that she needs my help.问题1选项A.my backB.my headC.my eyeD.my shoulder【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。turn ones back on为固定搭配，意为“不理会，不肯给予帮助”。句意：句意：她对我一直很好，现在她需要我的帮助，我不能不管。由搭配和句意

2、可知，A选项符合句意。2.单选题I couldnt find（ ）, and so I took this one.问题1选项A.a large enough coatB.an enough large coatC.a large coat enoughD.a coat enough large【答案】A【解析】考查副词用法。句意：enough修饰名词时放名词前，如：I dont have enough money.修饰形容词或副词时放形容词或副词后，如：You are not capable enough to get this position.所以本题的正确答案是A选项。句意：我找不到足

3、够大的大衣，所以我拿了这一件。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。3.单选题A（ ）statement will very likely be one that appears to be convincing on the surface, but which, upon closer examination, is not so.问题1选项A.plausibleB.reasonableC.credibleD.laudable【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项plausible“看似可信的，花言巧语的”；B选项reasonable “合理的，公道的”；C选项credible“可靠的，可信

4、的”；D选项laudable“可赞誉的，值得称赞的”。句意：一个看似可信的陈述很可能是表面上看起来令人信服的，但在仔细检查后，却并非如此。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。4.单选题Over the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These include UFOs as well as sighti

5、ngs and encounters with “nonhuman creatures” such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of

6、unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries such as Peru.The Nazca “lines” of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These fines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumb

7、led senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet-meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 B.C., when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So

8、how and why did the native people of Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientific community did not take long to scoff a

9、t and abandon von Danikens theory. Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientific community.Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet. Currently there are over 60 sit

10、es dedicated to this mystery from Latin Americas past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it is a step in the right direction.1. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?2. Acco

11、rding to the passage, the Nazca lines were found（ ）.3. We can infer from the passage that the higher the lines are seen, the（ ）images they present.3. There has been increasing interest in the Nazca lines mainly because of（ ）.5. The author is（ ）about the role of the Internet in solving mysteries.问题1选

12、项A.Latin America has long received attention for unusual phenomenaB.Public attention is now directed towards countries like PeruC.Public interest usually focuses on North America and EuropeD.Some ancient civilizations have unsolved mysteries问题2选项A.in mountainsB.in stonesC.on animalsD.on a plain问题3选项

13、A.smallerB.largerC.clearerD.brighter问题4选项A.the participation of scientistsB.the emergence of the InternetC.the birth of new theoriesD.the interest in the Internet问题5选项A.cautiousB.pessimisticC.uncertainD.optimistic【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。题干：以下哪个选项的陈述不正确？文章第一段第三句指出Only recently has La

14、tin America begun to receive some attention as well.（直到最近，拉丁美洲也开始受到一些关注。），可知A选项“拉丁美洲长期以来一直因异常现象而受到关注”，与原文意思矛盾，表述不正确，答案选A；根据第一段最后一句话Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena

15、in countries such as Peru.（尽管阿兹特克文明、玛雅文明和印加文明的奥秘已经为人所知好几个世纪了，但现在公众也开始意识到在秘鲁等国家出现了不寻常的超自然现象。），可知B选项“公众的注意力现在转向了像秘鲁这样的国家”和D选项“一些古代文明有未解之谜”，均符合文意；根据第一段第一句话Over the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena a

16、nd unsolved mysteries.（在过去的几十年里，美国、加拿大和欧洲因异常现象和未解之谜而受到了大量媒体甚至研究的关注。），可知C选项“公众的兴趣通常集中在北美和欧洲”正确。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。2.事实细节题。题干：根据文章可知，纳斯卡线条在_被发现。由题干关键词“Nazca lines”定位至第二段第二句话These fines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, a

17、nd a lizard.（这些细雕被深深地雕刻成一个平坦的石质平原，并形成了大约300幅复杂的动物图片，如鸟、猴子和蜥蜴。），可知D选项“在平原”，正确。A选项“在山区”，B选项“石头上”和C选项“在动物身上”，均不是正确答案。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。3.事实细节题。题干：我们可以根据文章推断，在越高的地方看这些线条，图像展现得就会越_。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第三，四句话Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only

18、 be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet-meaning from an aircraft.（从地面上看，这些设计是乱七八糟，毫无意义的东西。这些图像是如此之大，以至于只能在1000英尺的高度也就是说从飞机上看。），也就是说，从越高的地方看这些线条，图案也就越清晰。所以本题C选项“越清晰”，符合题意。A选项“越渺小”，B选项“越庞大”，和D选项“越明亮”，均不符合题意。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。4.事实细节题。题干：人们对纳斯卡线条越来越感兴趣主要是因为_。由题干可以定位到文章第三段前两句Today there is a new and heighten

19、ed interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet.（今天，人们对纳斯卡线条有了新的更大的兴趣。它是互联网诞生的直接结果。），可知B选项“互联网的出现”，符合题意；而第三段最后一句话and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.（甚至受人尊敬的科学家也通过电子邮件和聊天室加入了讨论），是对互联网对其贡献的具体说明，不是直接原因，故A选项“科学家的参与

20、”，不正确；C选项“新理论的诞生”和D选项“互联网的兴趣”与题干无关，故排除。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。5.观点态度题。题干：关于互联网在解决神秘事件中的作用，作者是_。全文末句表达了作者的态度Perhaps it is a step in the fight direction.（也许这是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。）这里a step in the right direction是对这种解开不解之谜的方式的肯定，但加上perhaps之后可以感受到作者这种谨慎的态度，故A选项“谨慎的”，符合题意。B选项“悲观的”，C选项“不确定的”和D选项“乐观的”，均不是作者的态度。综上所述，本题的正确

21、答案是A选项。5.单选题The priest made the（ ）of the cross when he entered the church.问题1选项A.markB.signalC.signD.gesture【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项mark“标志，记号”；B选项signal“信号，暗号”；C选项sign“符号，记号，手势”；D选项gesture“姿态，手势”。四个词中，只有sign可与“cross（十字）”搭配，the sign of the cross表示“一个十字符号”。例如：to consecrate with the sign of the cross（划十字祝福

22、）。句意：当他进入教堂时神父画了个十字。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。6.单选题She must have been pretty（ ）to fall for such an old trick.问题1选项A.interestedB.gullibleC.enthusiasticD.shrewd【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项interested“感兴趣的”；B选项gullible“易受骗的，轻信的”；C选项enthusiastic“热情的”；D选项shrewd“精明的，狡猾的”。句意：她太容易上当受骗了，才落入这样的老圈套。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。7.单选题Look,

23、 we are in such an awful situation. Id rather you（ ）the data from the Internet yesterday.问题1选项A.hadnt downloadedB.didnt downloadC.werent downloadingD.havent downloaded【答案】A【解析】虚拟语气。would rather（宁愿）+宾语从句，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气。与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had+过去分词，故本题的正确答案是A选项。8.单选题Traditionally, local midwives would（ ）all th

24、e babies in the area.问题1选项A.handleB.produceC.deliverD.help【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项handle“处理”；B选项produce“生产”；C选项deliver“传送”；D选项help“帮助”。midwife是指“产婆，接生员”，deliver可以指接生（孩子），或者生孩子。句意：按照传统，当地的产婆接生这个地区的孩子。由选项意思和句意可知，C选项符合句意。9.单选题Important people dont often have much free time as their work（ ）all their time.问题1

25、选项A.takes overB.takes awayC.takes inD.takes up【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项take over“接管，借用”；B选项take away“拿走，带走”；C选项take in“吸收，接受”；D选项takes up“开始从事，占据”。句意：重要人物往往没有太多的空闲时间，因为他们的工作占据了他们所有的时间。根据选项和句意可知，D选项符合题意。10.翻译题Translate the following text into Chinese.The regular use of text messages and e-mails can lower t

26、he IQ more than twice as much as smoking marijuana. That is the claim of psychologists who have found that tapping away on a mobile phone or computer keypad or checking them for electronic messages temporarily knocks up to 10 points off the users IQ. This rate of decline in intelligence compares unf

27、avorably with the four-point drop in IQ associated with smoking marijuana, according to British researchers, who have labeled the temporary phenomenon of increased stupidity as “infomania”. Research on sleep deprivation suggests that the IQ drop caused by electronic obsession is equal to a wakeful n

28、ight. The noticeable drop in IQ is attributed to the constant distraction of “always on” technology when employees should be concentrating on what they are paid to do. Infomania means that they lose concentration as their minds remain fixed in an almost permanent state of readiness to react to techn

29、ology instead of focusing on the task in hand.【答案】经常收发短信和电子邮件会降低你的IQ，其损害程度甚至是吸食大麻对智力损害程度的两倍多。心理学家发现人们在使用手机或电脑键盘打字或者用它们查询电子信息时，智力会暂时降低10个百分点。英国研究人员称，与吸食大麻相比，电子信息对智力的不利影响大的多。人在吸食大麻时智商会降低4个百分点。研究人员将这种暂时变笨的现象称为“信息狂躁”。关于剥夺睡眠的研究表明因为痴迷于电子产品而造成的智力衰退相当于一夜失眠。造成这种智力明显衰退的原因在于当员工们应该集中精力工作时，“无处不在”的科技却总是不断分散他们的注意力

30、。信息狂躁是指他们的意识近乎一直处于一种随时对“技术”做出反应的状态，因而无法将注意力集中在手头的工作上。11.单选题No one expected him to（ ）against his former employer.问题1选项A.deduceB.testifyC.certifyD.allege【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项deduce“推论，推断”；B选项testify“证明，证实”；C选项certify“证明，保证”；D选项allege“宣称，断言”。四个选项中，只有B选项可以和against搭配，testify against sb作不利于某人的证明。句意：没人指望他会指证

31、他的前雇主。由选项意思和固定搭配可知，B选项符合句意。12.单选题Theyve lifted a two-year-long economic（ ）on the country.问题1选项A.enclosureB.restrictionC.blockadeD.prohibition【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项enclosure“围墙，围场”；B选项restriction“限制，约束”；C选项blockade“包围，封锁”；D选项prohibition“禁止，禁令”。economic常和blockade搭配，意思是“经济封锁”。句意：他们解除了对该国长达两年的经济封锁。由选项意思和句意

32、可知，C选项符合句意。13.单选题What he said in the meeting（ ）everybody present.问题1选项A.repelledB.dismissedC.disposedD.eliminated【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项repel“抵制，使厌恶”；B选项dismiss“解散，不予考虑”；C选项dispose“处理，处置”；D选项eliminate“消除，排除”。句意：他说的话令在场的所有人厌恶。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。14.单选题The speaker was very good at（ ）his ideas during the di

33、scussion.问题1选项A.putting asideB.putting acrossC.putting backD.putting off【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项put aside“撇开，把放在一边”，例句：They decided to put aside their differences.（他们决定搁置双方的分歧。）；B选项put across“解释清楚，说明”，例句：Do you give him a fair opportunity to put across his views?（你会给他们平等的机会去表达自己的看法吗？）；C选项put back“推迟，妨碍”，

34、例句：The meeting has been put back to next week.（这次会议已延期到下周了。）；D选项put off“推迟”，例句：Weve had to put off our wedding until September.（我们只得把婚期推迟到九月。）。句意：演讲者很善于在讨论中表达自己的观点。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。15.单选题The glassware in the box is（ ）; it has got to be handled with care.问题1选项A.crunchyB.fragileC.brittleD.crisp【答案】B

35、【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项crunchy“易碎的，发出嘎吱嘎吱声的”，通常有响声的时候用，例如：The leaves crunched under my feet.（树叶在我脚下嘎吱作响。）B选项fragile“脆的，易碎的”常常修饰使用时必须小心才不会破碎的东西，也引申为体弱的，虚弱的，例如：Be careful with that vaseit is very fragile.（拿那只花瓶要小心它很容易碎。），Hes feeling a bit fragile after last nights party.（他参加了昨晚的聚会以后，现在感觉有些虚弱。）C选项brittle“易碎的，脆

36、弱的，易生气的”，指没有弹性或伸缩性的脆性材料，暗示受压或被扭曲时易碎，例如：As you get older your bones become increasingly brittle.（随着年龄增长，人的骨头变得越来越脆。）D选项crisp“脆的，新鲜的，易碎的”，指食物炸的很酥脆，例如：Bake until the pastry is golden and crisp.（把油酥糕点烤至金黄酥脆。）句意：箱子里的玻璃器皿易碎，需要轻拿轻放。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。16.单选题Dont let such a（ ）matter as this come between us s

37、o that we can concentrate on the major issue.问题1选项A.trivialB.partialC.slightD.minimal【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项trivial“不重要的，琐碎的”，trivial matter是固定搭配，表示“琐事”；B选项partial“偏爱的，不公平的”；C选项slight“轻微的，少量的”；D选项minimal“最低的，最小限度的”。句意：不要让这件小事造成我们之间的障碍，以便我们能够将精力集中在主要的事情上。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。17.单选题It was really（ ）of you t

38、o remember my birthday.问题1选项A.gratefulB.considerateC.considerableD.generous【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项grateful“感谢的，令人愉快的”；B选项considerate“体贴的，考虑周到的”，例句：Ive always understood one should try and be considerate of other people.（我一直认为一个人应该尽量为他人着想。）；C选项considerable“相当大的，重要的，值得考虑的”，例句：He brought to the job not ju

39、st considerable experience but passionate enthusiasm.（他不仅给这一工作带来了不少经验，而且倾注了极大的热情。）；D选项generous“慷慨的，大方的”。句意：你还记得我的生日，真是太体贴了。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。18.单选题In order to survive now and（ ）in the future, all the working staff must constantly create new ideas for every aspect of your business.问题1选项A.maximizeB.t

40、hriveC.erectD.recruit【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项maximize“最大化，极大”；B选项thrive“繁荣，兴旺，茁壮成长”；C选项erect“竖立，建造，创立”；D选项recruit“征募，聘用”。句意：为了现在的生存和未来的繁荣，所有的员工必须不断地为企业的各个方面创造新的想法。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。19.单选题Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the（ ）for herself.问题1选项A.creditB.attentionC.f

41、ocusD.award【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项credit“赞扬，赞许”，all the credit意为“所有的功劳”；B选项attention“注意力”；C选项focus“焦点，重点”；D选项award“奖品，奖励”。句意：莎莉为这项工程做出了很大的贡献，但她从没有将所有的功劳据为己有。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。20.单选题Faced with the（ ）difficulties, they are determined to carry on their program.问题1选项A.satisfactoryB.attributableC.intangible

42、D.innocent【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项satisfactory“满意的，符合要求的”； B选项attributable “归属的，属性的”；C选项intangible“无形的，触摸不到的，难以理解的”；D选项innocent“无辜的，无罪的”。句意：面对无形的困难，他们下定决心继续他们的项目。由选项意思和句意可知，C选项符合句意。21.单选题Although architecture has artistic qualities, it must also satisfy a number of important practical（ ）.问题1选项A.obligati

43、onsB.regulationsC.observationsD.considerations【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项obligation“义务，债务”；B选项regulation“条例，规程”；C选项observation“观察”；D选项consideration“考虑，注意事项”。句意：建筑虽然具有艺术性，但它也必须满足一些重要的实用性考虑。由选项意思和句意可知，D选项符合句意。22.单选题The meeting was（ ）over by the mayor to discuss the tax raise in the city.问题1选项A.propelledB.pick

44、edC.postponedD.presided【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项propel“推进，驱使”，B选项pick“挑选，采摘”，pick over“择优，分档挑选”；C选项postpone“延迟，缓办”；D选项preside“主持”，preside over“主持，负责”。句意：会议由市长主持，讨论城市税收增加问题。由选项意思和固定搭配可知，D选项符合句意。23.单选题No words will（ ）to convey my grief.问题1选项A.serveB.supplyC.sufficeD.support【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项serve“招待，供应，为服务

45、”；B选项supply“供给，提供，补充”；C选项suffice“使满足，足够，有能力”，suffice to“足以”，例如：One example will suffice to illustrate the point.举一个例子就足以说明这一点，D选项support“支持，帮助，支撑”，句意：没有言语能够表达我的悲伤。由选项意思，固定搭配和句意可知，C选项符合句意。24.翻译题Translate the following text into English.挑战未知是人类诞生之初就具备的本能，而探索外太空则是好奇心和求知欲在现代的延伸。人类和动物最本质的区别在于不断地探求未知，其终极目

46、的就是要回答“我从哪来？我到哪去？”。这样的问题，在现实世界找不到答案，人们便将追问的目光投向浩瀚的外太空。正是这些追问，成为人类探索宇宙的动力。此外，太空探索还激发了全人类的科学精神。【答案】Challenging the unknown has been a human instinct since we were born, and exploring outer space is extension of curiosity and aspiration to knowledge in modern times. The most essential difference betwee

47、n human beings and animals is the constant search for the unknown, whose ultimate goal is to answer the question “Where do I come from? Where am I going?” It is impossible to find the answer of such questions in the real world, therefore, people will transfer their attention to the vast outer space.

48、 It is these questions that have become the driving force for human exploration of the universe. In addition, space exploration has inspired the scientific spirit of all mankind.25.单选题With cloud, mobility, big data and consumerization, companies are in even greater need of technology talent than the

49、y were in the late 1990s, and that talent is in even shorter supply. Computer science enrollments are at an all-time low; baby-boomer workers are retiring and taking all of that legacy systems knowledge with them; and Silicon Valley is hot again. Would that young, brilliant developer rather join the

50、 next Zynga or upgrade the payroll systems at your insurance company?Two weeks ago, I asked the IT executive readership of my weekly newsletter, The Heller Report, to answer the question: If you had a magic wand, which one talent problem would you solve? Responses poured in and addressed challenges

51、around recruiting, developing leaders, and retaining the talent that they currently have. But more than 70 percent of readers would use their magic wand to do only one thing: give business skills to their technologists. Their people, they worry, are so narrowly focused on the technology that they fa

52、il to see the forest for the trees. They do not understand the business context of their technology work, nor can they have meaningful discussions with the leaders of the business areas about their technology support.This lack of business-savvy technology talent is a serious problem for every compan

53、y that relies on technology to exist (which is, of course, every company). Those beautifully “blended executives,” who can talk technology in one meeting and can talk business in another, are rare birds. Yet with technology moving directly into the revenue stream of your company, you need them, and

54、your need is only going to increase.One option is to spend all of your time and money on recruiting blended executives from the outside. You will be in heated competition with every other company in your market, and if your recruiting function is not a competitive weapon for you, you will find yours

55、elf in a losing battle. You would be much better off growing your own. Here are some ideas:Build a rotational program. Encourage your head of human resources to work with your CIO and a few of your other business leaders to build a program that rotates IT people into different functions of the busin

56、ess. This kind of program is not easy, with your CIO having to survive without a trusted IT leader for a period of time, but the long-term result of a good rotational program can be tremendous. It may well be worth the investment.Involve your business leaders. If a rotational program is too much to

57、take on right now, build a leadership development program for IT that involves your business executives. Encourage your CIO to invite the heads of your major business units to meet regularly with the senior IT team to educate them on their business area. And be sure that you, CFO, are spending enoug

58、h time with IT. Use that interaction to chip away at the long-standing wall that often exists between the business and IT.1. Companies are in greater need of technology talent NOT because of（ ）.2. The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that（ ）.3. The phrase “recruiting function” underlined in Paragraph 4 r

59、efers to（ ）.4. If a company doesnt have enough time and money to hire executives it needs, it should（ ）.5. A rotational program DOESNT involve（ ）.问题1选项A.the accumulation of more dataB.the need to serve consumersC.the rising demand for cloud computationD.the development of medical industry问题2选项A.prof

60、ound discussion is requiredB.IT employees should be business-savvyC.technology support is expectedD.there are challenges in recruiting developers问题3选项A.recruitment of a particular firmB.the functionality of recruitmentC.competitive recruitment strategyD.employment of IT workers for a certain employe