Wine Studies葡萄酒研究课件：7-France-1 Bordeaux

1、 Wine StudiesSession 7:FranceBordeaux & BurgundyFine wine (BLICT)Balance 平衡Long finish 回味长Intensity 浓郁度，集中度Complex 香气复杂. Typical 能代表风土酒香的层次Flavor from Grape第一层葡萄品种本身带来的水果香气与花香Flavor from production第二层来自生产过程的香气 （乳酸发酵？橡木桶发酵？）坚果，黄油，酵母，奶油，饼干，香草，椰子Flavor from aging- 第三层：来自（橡木或瓶中陈年的香气）蘑菇、野味？湿树叶？农场？咖啡？焦糖？巧

2、克力？France 法国产区The best wine producing country.最优异的葡萄酒生产国产量最多顶级酒庄最多葡萄品种的原产地影响全球最深波尔多风格勃艮第风格Wine producing regions 产区Bordeaux 波尔多Burgundy 勃艮第Champagne 香槟Rhone 罗纳河谷Alsace 阿尔萨斯Loire 卢瓦河谷BORDEAUX 波尔多The biggest fine wine region of France.法国最大的优质葡萄酒产区面积：11万+公顷酒庄：8000 +产量： 8亿瓶/年 Climate 气候Moderate marine c

3、limate温和的海洋性气候北纬45度北大西洋的墨西哥暖流调节温暖漫长的生长期适合晚熟的赤霞珠品种：需要更长时间成熟潮湿，降雨量900mm秋季采收的时候可能下雨，年份之分酒庄技术Viticulture 种植Bordeaux mixture波尔多液Canopy management 树冠管理酿造果粒筛选机，乳酸发酵技术(MLF)Destem 去梗Oak 使用橡木桶（红，白，甜酒）品质要求高（正牌，副牌）BORDEAUX4430N45N4530NBordeaux ACN 0 10 20 Km0 10 MilesC O G N A CBergeracMedocPauillacHaut-MedocMa

4、rgauxPessac-LeognanSAUTERNESGravesGirondeA T L A N T I O C E A NR. DordogneR. GaronnePomerolSt. EmilionLibourne4530N45N4430NBORDEAUXSOIL TYPE 土壤左岸Gravel砾石 2-64mm Cabernet Sauvignon右岸limestone, clay 覆盖粘土的石灰石 MerlotGrapes of BordeauxRedCabernet SauvignonMerlotCabernet FrancWhiteSemillonSauvignon Blanc

5、MuscadelleBORDEAUX波尔多最著名的四个优质红酒产区美多克（Medoc）格拉芙（Graves）圣艾美隆（St. Emilion）波美侯（Pomerol）BORDEAUX4430N45N4530NBordeaux ACN 0 10 20 Km0 10 MilesC O G N A CBergeracMedocPauillacHaut-MedocMargauxPessac-LeognanSAUTERNESGravesGirondeA T L A N T I O C E A NR. DordogneR. GaronnePomerolSt. EmilionLibourne4530N45N

6、4430NBORDEAUX法定产区 AOCAppellation dOrigine Contrle (AOC) 原产地控制(origin 可大可小)代表高等级的葡萄酒品种 variety密度 density产量 yield成熟度 maturity法国分级制度AOPIGPVin de France2009年以前2009年以后原产地保护地理保护允许多产区葡萄品种命名Bordeaux; Important labelling termsChateau： 酒庄装瓶, 本地葡萄，本酒庄制造Superieur: 酒精含量略高Grand Vin： 无法定意义,酒庄好酒Grand Cru Classe 185

7、5年设立，61座酒庄分五级第一级为 Premier Grand Cru ClasseCru Bourgeois （布尔乔亚）中级酒庄 Bordeaux; Important labelling termsGrand Cru Classe 第一级(Premier Grand Cru)Chateau Lafite-Rothschild （拉菲）Chateau Latour （拉图）Chateau Margaux （玛歌）Chateau Haut-Brion （奥比昂）Chateau Mouton-Rothschild （木桐）（1973年木桐由二级晋升为一级）Bordeaux; Important

8、 labelling termsGrand Cru Classe 第一级Chateau Lafite-Rothschild - PauillacChateau Latour - PauillacChateau Margaux - MargauxChateau Haut-Brion - GravesChateau Mouton-Rothschild - PauillacBordeaux; Important labelling termsAppellation Bordeaux ControleeChateau： 酒庄装瓶Bordeaux AC red and dry 平衡，浓郁Bordeaux

9、; Important labelling termsAppellation Bordeaux Superieur ControleeSuperieur: 酒精含量略高较浓郁饱满适合陈年BordeauxAppellation Medoc ControleeMedoc AC Haut-Medoc AC 醇厚，复杂 Cru Bourgeois （布尔乔亚）中级酒庄Bordeaux; Important labelling termsAppellation Margaux ControleePremierGrand Cru Classe列级酒庄（一级） 将优雅与强劲，细致与浓厚以非常巧妙的姿态结合在

10、一起，而且非常的耐久BORDEAUX4430N45N4530NBordeaux ACN 0 10 20 Km0 10 MilesC O G N A CBergeracMedocPauillacHaut-MedocMargauxPessac-LeognanSAUTERNESGravesGirondeA T L A N T I O C E A NR. DordogneR. GaronnePomerolSt. EmilionLibourne4530N45N4430NBORDEAUXGRAVESGraves (red and dry white wines) Graves AC Pessac-Leog

11、inan AC a superior part of GravesCru Classe: the best chateaux (all lie within the Pessac-Leognan AC) SAUTERNES （苏特恩，苏玳）Sauternes Semillon Sauvignon Blanc MuscadelleThe AC heremade from grapes affected by noble rot (fungus)SAINT-EMILIONSaint-Emilionred wines only 只有红葡萄酒Merlot-dominated in the blends

12、 梅洛为主soft, easy-to-drink wine 柔软易饮分级Saint-Emilion AC Saint-Emilion Grand Cru ACa wine of superior quality BORDEAUX4430N45N4530NBordeaux ACN 0 10 20 Km0 10 MilesC O G N A CBergeracMedocPauillacHaut-MedocMargauxPessac-LeognanSAUTERNESGravesGirondeA T L A N T I O C E A NR. DordogneR. GaronnePomerolSt.

13、EmilionLibourne4530N45N4430NBORDEAUXPOMEROL （波美侯）四大产区中最小的区域不少稀世之珍酒庄：200微型气候（Micro Climate）土壤（Terroir）小庄园的精工细致POMEROL （波美侯）MerlotPomerol (red wines only) Pomerol ACPOMEROL （波美侯）Chateaux Petrus （柏翠庄）POMEROL （波美侯）Chateaux Le Pin （乐庞庄）POMEROL （波美侯）The most important estatesChateaux Petrus 柏翠庄The greates

14、t Merlot of the world酒色深浓，气味芳香充实酒体平衡，细致又丰厚，有成熟黑加仑子、洋梨、巧克力、牛奶、松露及多种橡木等香味。其味觉十分宽广，尽显酒中王者个性。从品质还是价格都凌驾于其他波尔多酒王而成为名副其实的酒王之王。POMEROL （波美侯）The most important estatesChateaux Petrus （柏翠庄）& Le Pin （乐庞）The greatest Merlot of the world种植密度低，每棵葡萄树只限几串葡萄，确保浓度。树龄都40-90年采用全新的橡木桶1-2年陈酿每三个月换一次桶Wine producing region

15、sBordeauxBurgundyBurgundysituated in central France, long & narrowincludes Chablis to the North down to Beaujolais to the SouthN0 20 40 Km0 20 Miles46N47N48N48N47N46NAuxerreBeauneMconLYONChablisCte de Nuits Cte de BeauneMconnaisBeaujolaisA6R. RhneR. SoneR. SoneTerroir : climate典型的大陆性气候冬季干燥寒冷春季伴有霜害夏秋

16、虽温和，但常有冰雹地处法国中央山脉，纬度极高葡萄园大都处在面向南部或东南方向的缓缓山坡上，较好地抵抗了霜冻害，避免了西北风侵袭，并有效地利用太阳的光热 SOIL TYPEVaries between the districts Cote dOr limestone, clay & marl石灰石，粘土 & 泥灰土GRAPE VARIETIESRedPinot Noir Elegant, & high acidityWhiteChardonnay classic white in BurgundyAge well, with fine bouquet （酒香） & depth of flavou

17、rBURGUNDYFragmented by a lot of small parts of famous vineyards is split up into over 1000 separate plots小气候的复杂性和多样性 CLIMATS 产量是波尔多的1/4BURGUNDYDomaine 酒庄a domaine is a producer that makes wine exclusively from grapes grown in their own vineyards. They do not buy in grapes, juice, or finished wines t

18、o sell under their own name.BurgundyChablisCote dOr (黄金坡)Maconnais （马孔内）Beaujolais （博若莱）N0 20 40 Km0 20 Miles46N47N48N48N47N46NAuxerreBeauneMconLYONChablisCte de Nuits Cte de BeauneMconnaisBeaujolaisA6R. RhneR. SoneR. SoneCte DeOrBurgundy: Important labelling termsVillagesPremier CruGrand CruClassic

19、 Pinot NoirCote dOr (黄金坡):Cote de NuitsCote de Beaune110平方公里的土地上有27个大小不等的群落32 个 Grands Crus和375个Premiers Crus 葡萄园N0 20 40 Km0 20 Miles46N47N48N48N47N46NAuxerreBeauneMconLYONChablisCte de Nuits Cte de BeauneMconnaisBeaujolaisA6R. RhneR. SoneR. SoneBeaunePommardGevrey-Chambertin Nuits-Saint-GeorgesCla

20、ssic Pinot NoirCote dOr (黄金坡):Cote de NuitsLe Romanee-Conti (DRC）罗曼尼康帝most powerful 强劲Complex， concentration复杂，集中轻盈灵动Burgundy- ChardonnayChablisBone-dry, high acidity, mineralCote dOr (黄金坡):Cote de Beaune (伯恩坡)Meursault 默尔索Puligny-Montrachet 普利尼-蒙哈谢Maconnais （马孔内）Pouilly-Fuisse普伊-芙赛N0 20 40 Km0 20 Miles46N47N48N48N47N46NAuxerreMconLYONChablisCte de Nuits Cte de BeauneMconnaisBeaujolaisA6R. RhneR. SoneR. SoneMeursaultPuligny-MontrachetPuilly-FuissBEAUJOLAIS ACs include:Beaujolais AC 博若莱大产区酒Beaujolais Nouveau ACreleased in the November following the h