警官学院辅导材料

1、第一部分应试指导 一.关于四级考试题型的构成1 ,听力理解2阅读理解3.完形填空4.写作和翻译听力理解部分分值比例为35 %,其中听力对话15 %,听力短文20 % 阅读理解部分分值为35 %，其中仔细阅读25 %,快速阅读部分10 % 完形填空或改错部分比例为10 %写作和翻译部分分值比例为20 %总分为710分，听力249，阅读249，完形或改错70,作文142.答题时间为125分钟。第二部分写作策略四级写作的体裁包括说明文、议论文和应用文。写作的素材可以是中 文，英文和图表。一.文章的基本结构Topic SentenceJExpla nati onJReas on Evide nee E

2、xample Experime ntJComme nt大学英语四级写作通常采用三段论模式，即：开头段，主题段和结尾二.写作实例分析(一)说明文(1)说明文一般用于解释和分析社会现象或社会问题。Paragraph 1 phe nomenonParagraph 2 reasonsParagraph 3 suggestions or solutionsDrug abuse among young people has become more and more prevale nt over rece nt years. Statistics show that the nu mber of yout

3、h drug users almost doubles in the past three years. It is vital to analyze why drugs are so attractive to young people and what can be done to combat it.Firstly, tee nagers are un der in creas ing pressurhis may be peer or pressure to succeed for example. Drug use may help them escape reality, forg

4、et their problems, or simply feel more accepted by their frien ds.In addition, through the media we are exposed to information that glamorizes drug use and makes it look attractive, particularly to young people.Furthermore, tee nagers are usually n aturally curious about drug, and drug dealers can t

5、ake advantage of this curiosity for their own profit.High fines and pris on sen ten cesshould also be imposed on drugdealers and users. However, it is my own personal view that prevention is better tha n cure and so a good educati on programmed about the dan gers of drug abuse is one of the most imp

6、orta nt steps any gover nment should take.说明文（2）比较性说明文用于比较两种或几种类似的事物，要求考生通过比较它 们各自的优点或缺点，说明自己的看法，并加以论证。Paragraph 1 phe nomenonParagraph 2 advantagesParagraph 3 disadvantagesParagraph 4 commentsA mobile phone is getting increasingly popular. Statistics show that eight out of ten college students have

7、 got one. However, as is the case with many issues, a mobile phone has both positive and n egative aspects.On the positive side, a mobile phone allows calls to be made in sta ntly from almost any locati on. This can be vital where emerge ncy services need to be called to the scene of a crime, accide

8、nt or fire, where no public telepho ne is n earby. Mean while, a mobile phone can serve as a connection to the Internet, which can be extremely convenient for obta ining in formati on wherever you may be.The fact that a mobile phone allows a person to be contacted at any time can it itself be a disa

9、dvantage. For instanee, an employee may, viathe mobile phone, be constantly available to this employer and feels that he n ever leaves work. This may cause distress. Ano ther disadva ntage is the perceived health risks associatedwith its use. Some people believe that using mobile phones for long per

10、iods can damage the brain.There is no denying that a mobile pho ne had both ben efits and drawbacks but on balanee perhaps the advantages of a mobile phone outweigh its disadva ntages since a mobile has become an in tegral part of moder n life.说明文（3）图表写作也属于说明文的类型，结构如下：Paragraph 1 cha ngeParagraph 2

11、reasons or implicationParagraph 3 conclusionThe period 1995-2005 wit nessed a rapid in crease in the nu mber of people in city X traveli ng abroad. As can be see n, in 1995, only about 10,000 people in this city went overseas while in 1995 this number quickly rose to 40,000. In 2005, however the nu

12、mber of overseas traveler surged to over 120,000, which is more than 10 times as many as that of 1995.This cha nge can be acco un ted for by a couple of factors. First, along with social and economy progress, the living standard of the Chinese people has bee n greatly enhan ced, so they have eno ugh

13、 money and timeto travel abroad. Mean while, more and more people want to enjoy themselves and broade n their visi on by visit ing overseas historical places and experiencing exotic cultures.Overseas travel has a profound effect on both individuals and the society. It can widen our peoples horizons,

14、 promote friendship and enhance cultural in teractio n. I n the mean time, it can also boost our social economy and make our society more prosperous and dyn amic. Itsgood for our n ati on progress.议论文（1）第一种形式要求考生针对某一有争议性的两种观点， 来阐述自己的立 场，或对这一问题反映出的某一观点进行驳斥， 提出自己的看法并加 以论证。My View on Data Collectio nDa

15、ta collection is a fact of modern life. Some argue that data collection is endangering the rights of individuals, though others see it as a useful tool which in creases efficie ncy. To be frank, I believe data collecti on does more good tha n harm.For one thing, databases provide a very useful tool.

16、 Large databases which con tai n in formati on on many in dividuals can en able more effective decisi ons to be made. In stituti ons such as gover nment departme nts and 卩 police rely on data collection in order to operate efficiently, and hospitalsuse computerized records to help in their fight aga

17、inst disease. For ano ther, databasesstored on computer can also be very efficie nt. Data which has bee n collected n one area can be sent any where in the world almost instantly. This means that those have legitimate access to this data can work very efficie ntly.In summery, data collection on indi

18、viduals can be justified, although all possible measures should be taken to minimize the risks.议论文(2)第二种形式要求考生针对某一有争议性的观点，表明自己的观点，并提出自己的论证。Directi on: it is very importa nt that childre n should study hard at school. Time spent playing sport is time wasted. Do you agree or disagree? Give your reason

19、s?We could argue that childre n go to school to study so that they may become fully productive adults and good citizens. We should ask whether play ing sport helps childre n to become better people. If so, sport is not a waste of time.It is gen erally believed that stude nts n eed more tha n the kno

20、 wledge of a subject. They need to know how to work in groups to achieve a mutual goal, how to work as a team. Where better to lear n those skills tha n on the sports field? Any of the team sports invo Ive coord in atio n with other - players, understanding and adopting a team mentality. These skill

21、s are toouseful to be ignored. Moreover, it is important that people be healthy, and good health is not so easily achieved in a sedentarysociety. Sport gets students outside and gives them good reason to run about, thus countering hours spe nt sitt ing still.So although school studies are undeni abl

22、y importa nt, we should regard time spent playing sport as time well spent.应用文A Letter of Applicati onDear Sir or Madam,I am a sophomore with major in Automation. Though I have made a great progress during my first year academic training, I find that I am more in terested in Busin ess Admi nistratio

23、 n. Now I am writ ing to you to formally request to switch to this area of study.The main reason for my decision is that the major I am studying in is my parentsf choice. They insisted that I should study what they had learned before but after a years study I have come to realize this is not the car

24、eer I want to pursue in my future life. Besides, I have attended bus in ess classes as my opti onal course and achieved a good success, which further con firms my decisi on.I am sorry for any inconvenience or trouble that might have bee n caused by this cha nge. The decisi on is not made lightly. I

25、do appreciate 卢 your kind consideration and sincerely hope you will grant me the shift tothe new departme nt.听力部分短对话部分包括8个短对话。解题技巧：听前积极预测听时随机应变长对话共有两篇，7个题目。题材一般与学校生活有关：课程内容（以上课为背景，介绍某个知识）打工内容（常涉及到工作的内容，与学习课程的冲突等）科学知识（以上课内容形式出题，范围极其广泛）度假旅游经历学校生活（餐厅的食物，某个教师等）住宿生活（特别是与室友或房东的矛盾）某个娱乐活动解题技巧：正确判断信息掌握一定的思维方

26、式留心首句掌握出题形式，抓住听的重点听时做笔记短文听力3篇短文，共10道题。内容可以分为以下几类：科普性短文，介绍一些自然现象以及科学界的实验和研究成果。文化历史，风俗习惯，音乐艺术以及体育方面的短文，介绍这些 领域中有影响的地方，事件和著名人物等。常识性短文，介绍生活，如衣食住行等方面的小常识。故事性短文，介绍一个有趣故事或某人的经历。与学生学习和生活密切相关的教育和校园生活的短文。解题技巧：分析题与题之间的关系，把握短文的大意。浏览选项，划出关键词。复合式听写：解题技巧：单词填空：一心二用有效记录加强练习，改进方法句子听写：关注动词后面的介词或副词搭配，这对理解句子有极大帮助关注并列的动词。对于长句，要在连词上下功夫，对于那些引导状语，定语，表语 主语等从句的连词要特别敏感，这样才能从整