2020年高考英语复习专题(共15个专题)

1、crew are all tired.抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如：语法复习专题一一一名词船员们都累坏了（个体）一、考点聚焦抽象名词（不可数）具体化 （个体名词，可数名词）1. 可数名词单、复数变化形式（1） 规则变化。in surprise惊讶地a surprisea successan honor一件令人惊讶的事（ ）win success获得成功win honor赢得荣誉事）Failure（ ）is the mother of success a failure一个 件成功的人 事 单数名词词尾直接加。如：boy boys, penpens。（ ）一个 件 引以为

2、荣的（、 以s 、ch、sh 结尾的单词一般加-esglassglasses,boxboxes,失败者watch watches, brush brushes。失败是成功之母。by experience靠经验特例： stomach stomaches。an experience一次经历一个青年人a pity可惜的事情a pleasure乐事 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的变“”为“ i”再加“-es”。女口：baby babies, ladyladies, flyflies 。youth青春a youthhave pity on sb. 怜悯某人with pleasure乐意。 以“o”结尾的多数

3、加口-es 女口：tomatotomatoes, potatopotatoes,hero heroes。但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o结尾的词抽象名词与（an连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动只加口-s 。 女口：radio radios, zoozoos, photophotos, pianopianos, kilokilos, tobaccotobaccos。作、 行为或类别。如： 以“f”或“fe”结尾的名词复数形式变“ f”或“fe ”为“”，之后再加口-es。如：wifewives, lifelives, knifeknives, wolfwolves, s

4、elfselves,leafleaves等。特例：handkerchiefhandkerchiefs, roofroofs, chiefchiefs,gulf gulfs, beliefbeliefs, cliffcliffs。A knowledge of English is a must in international trade.Would you like to have a walk（swim, bath, ） with me?It is waste of time reading such a novel.She made an apology to her mother for

5、 her wrong doings. 改变元音字母的。如：man men, mousemice, footfeet,woman women, toothteeth, goosegeese, ox 。特例：child children。（2如： 物质名词有形或数的相应物体，有单、复数。女口：somecoffee一些咖啡，a coffee一杯咖啡，three coffees三杯咖啡，some drink一些饮料,a drink 复合名词的复数形式。（）在复合词中最后名词尾加-s。如口：armchairarmchairs, bookcasebookcases, bookstorebook一杯饮料，t

6、hree drinks 三杯饮料，his hair他的头发，a few grey hairs几根白发，glass玻璃，a glass一只玻璃杯。stores ） man和乍定语修饰另一个名词时，前后两个名词都要变成复数。如：man doctormen doctors, woman driver women dri 物质名词有前置后置修饰时，前面要使用不定冠词。have breakfastThe ro|ad is covered with snow.overs（）与介词或副词一起构成的复合名词应在主体名词部分加 -s。如： passers-by。-have a wonderful breakfa

7、st They have a heavy snow every year.brother-in-law brothers-in-law, passer-bykime and tide wait for no man. 有的名词有两种复数形式。如：zerozeros、zeroes, deerWe had a wonderful time last night.（3）有复数形式的不可数名词、deersdeer。penny的两种复数形式含义有所不同。如：pence （便士的）钱数），pennies（便士的枚数 。有些抽象名词往往以复数形式岀现，起到一种丰富语言感情色彩或强调某种特殊状态的作用。如：（

8、2） 不规则变化。 单、复数同形。如：means, aircraft, deer, fish, Chinese,Japanese, sheep, works （工厂）,cattle。Use your brains, please.They have smoothed away the difficulties.Have you made preparations for tomorrow s meeting? 合成名词的复数。女口：boy-friend boy-friends, go-betweengo-betweens（ 中间人,grown-upgrown-ups。Many thanks f

9、or your kindness. 有些名词通常只用作复数。如：glasses眼镜，clothesgoods货物，trousers裤子，belongings所有物,wages工资，riches, surroundings环境，ashes,campasses圆规，cattle家畜，congratulations祝贺，have words withsb.同某人吵架，in high spirits以很高热情地，give one s regards to sb.向某人问侯，inrags衣衫破烂，It is good manners to do 有礼貌做某事。No pains, no gains.Aft

10、er many failures, they finally succeeded.有些物质名词以复数形式出现，表示数量之多，范围之广。如:The boy burst into tears at the bad news.The rising waters did a lot of harm to the crops.The stone bridge broke down in heavy rains.3.名词所有格 集体名词的数。有些集体名词通常只用作复数，如： people,cattle, police;有些名词只用machinery, furniture, mankind, jewelle

11、ry;有些名词既可用作单数又可用作复数，单数看做整体，复(1) “ ”所有格的特殊表示形式有：数看做集体的各个成员。如：The crew is 船员人数很多（指整体）；The2、不可数名词的数用于表示时间、距离、价格、重量等的名词后，如：today s（1） 一般说来抽象名词为不可数名词，但当抽象名词表示具体的东西时，newspaper, five walk(drive),five weight, ten dollarsworth of可用作可数名词且词义发生变化，主要类型如下：解析：答案为Dcoffee 。 用于表示国家、世界、城市等地方的名词后。如：the earth s planet,p

12、rice价格，价钱；prize奖金。 项是钱，属不可数名词，题中所要填的是“酬金，报酬”。注意正确理解名词的含义及其搭配是活用语言的基础，在复习备考中要熟练掌握考纲中一些名词的词义、搭配、习惯等，才能更好辨析名词，从而选择最符合句意的选项。the word s population, China s industry, New Yorks parks。(2) “ of”所有格的特殊表示方式有：3. You ll find this map of great _ in helping you to get 表示“部分”时，一般在所修饰的名词前有一个表示数量的词(a、several、some 、m

13、any等)，女口：Some students of Mister Zhangs have goneto college.张老师的一些学生已经上大学了。round London.(NMET 1998A. priceusefulnessB. costC. valueD.s 表示“其中之一，其中一部分”的意思时，用： a friend of Tom汤姆的一个朋友(许多朋友中的一位)。解析：答案为G本题考查特定语境中名词的词义及“be of + 抽象名词”结构。Price 价格 costvaluequality of being usefulor desirable ”解时，常与of搭配，在句中作表语

14、或补语， 表示赞扬、批评或厌恶等感情色彩时，应该用： that/this/these/those +名词(单、复数)of Mary s/yours/his/hers。如：That invention of hers belongs to the world.她的那项发明是属于全意为“有用，有价值”。故选择。注意名词词义辨异及惯用法表达，题中“ of +抽象名词”相当于该名词的形容词形式。世界的(表赞赏)。4、名词作定语4.lf you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off .A. a price B. price C. the price D.

15、price英语中有些名词没有其对应的同根形容词，这些名词可以直接用来作定语修饰另一个名词。解析：答案为。本题考冠词和名词。全句合理句意应是：如果你买超过10个，(1)分类意义。air pollutionboy friendincome tax20便士。此处价格是特指的定价，所空气污男朋友所得税他们从(现在标岀的)价格上减价染coffee cup咖啡杯tennis ball网球以C项最佳。song writer歌曲作家5. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine moths, the sailing timewas 226 da

16、ys.body language身体语言Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖road accident交通事故A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which(2Doctor Jack杰克医生解析：答案为B辨析名词语义,a distance of +数字“.距离”。Professor Liwinter sleep李教授冬眠6. I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of theevening school夜校street dance街舞children s.country music乡村音乐A. re

17、ach B. handplaceC. holdD.schooleducationvillage people村民China problem中国问题学校教育(3 所属意义。out of reach ”是“超岀某人够得着的范围”，即“够不 着”解析：答案为A “reception desk接待台stone table石桌sports field田径场彩电的意思，药品应放到孩子够不到的地方。color TV语法复习专题二一、考点聚焦冠词weather report天气预报二、精典名题导解选择填空1.不用冠词的情况(1) 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。1. It is

18、 generally believed(NMET 2001)that teaching isit is a science.China, America, SmithAir is matter.A. an art much asB. much an art asC. as an art much as D. as much an art as(2)可数名词前有物主代词、不加冠词。指示代词、名词所有格等限制时，、解析：答案为。当名词前有what so、astoo quite等词修饰时，其形容词被这些词修饰，组成下列结构，如： What a nice book! This is too heavy

19、a box for meto carry. He is not as honest a boy as Mike. ，应采取too/how 形容词(副This dictionary is mine.(3) 季节、月份、星期、节日假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。词)+ a(an) +名词的形式。要记住一些类似的特殊结构，并加以分析。March, May Day, National Day, Children s Day, Women s Day2. The police are offering a _ to anyone who can giveHave you had supper?info

20、rmation about the lost key.( NMET 1999Spring is the best season of the year.A. price B. prize C. reward D. money(4)称呼语或指家用雇用的nurse、 cook等名词前及表示头衔职务的名词market in the country is busiest in winter.作宾语、补语及同位语时，一般不加冠词。ThefWha s this, Father? We made him our chairman.形容词最高级前有名词所有格或物主代词时，不能用定冠词。Ask nurse to

21、 put the child to bed. Professor Li.A wolf in a sheep s skin is our most dangerous enemy.(5)学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。序数词前面一般加定冠词表示“第之意，但在second、third等Do you study physics?词前加不定冠词表示“又一，再一”之意。He likes playing football/chess. why you took a second arrow名词词组中:(6)复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。a first表示“第一名、冠军。注意：下句中“The

22、y are peasants/ workers.He is a top student in our class; he often gets a first in maths.(13) no与such连用时应放在such之前，such后面的名词不用冠词。No such thing has ever happened in this village.(7)在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。by car, by bus,by bike, by train, by air/ water/ land但：take a bus, come in a boat, on the train/ bus(8

23、)某些固定词组中不用冠词。(14) never、ever置于作主语的名词前，这些名词前不用冠词。需注意。Never did student study so hard.这个学生从未学得这么认真。(15)有时为了节省空间、时间、金钱和精力，或为了引起注意力，省去husband and wife, brother and sister, body and soul, day and night,a(n)或the,这主要用于新闻标题、工商业文件、广告、电报、公告、提纲、书knife and fork名等。介词词组中:Conference ope 会议召开了。to(at, from) school,

24、in (to)class, in (to,at,from)u niversity2.定冠词的使用情况(college) ,to(in, in to, from ) church, to(i n,i nto,out of)pris on( hospital,(1)使用定冠词的一般情况。bed), to(at, from, out of)work,to(i n,from) tow n,at (from)home,特指或第二次提到。to(at)sea, at night(noon, midnight), by car (bus, bicycle, plane), onfoot序数词前、最高级前、独一

25、无二的东西前。用(2)定冠词使用特殊的场合。于表示发明物的单数名词前或某些专有名词前。注意：在有些词组中，有无冠词含义不同。 He hit him in the face.in hospital住院(因病)beat sb. on the n ose, take sb. by the arm, pat sb. on the headthein the hospital在医院(工作、参观等)rich, the poor, the woun ded富人，穷人，伤员n front ofn the front of在前部，指某物之内在前面，指某物体之外 the elder of the two, he

26、more beautiful of the two两者中较年长的一位，较漂亮的一个.in charge负责，主管o of questi on没问题不可能 The sooner, the better.越快越好。in the charge由.负责out of the questi onHe got paid by the hour.他是按小时付工钱的。I ( ) as引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的名词不带冠词。by the yard/the doze n/the mon th/the yearChild as she is, she knows a lot of Fre nch.但：by wei

27、ght按重量(10)系动词turn (作“变成”解)后作表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词。 in the 50s /in the 1870sthe Smiths/the Whites(表示年代)(表示一家人或夫妇俩)The young girl has tur ned writer.in the water/field/light/shade/dista nce/middle/cou ntry/rain=The young girl has become a writer. tell the truth/on the other hand/on the way home(11)在单数名词+ a

28、fter +同一单数名词(表示“一个接一个)结构当抽象名词表示某一特定内容，特别是当它有一限定性修饰语时,中，单数可数名词前不加冠词。它与定冠词连用:She did experime nt after experiment.She is fond of music.类似的还有：shop after shop, mistake after mistakeHe is play ing the music writte n by Beethoven.(12)形容词的最高级前、序数词前也有不用定冠词的情况。Good advice is bey ond price.“most 形容词原级”作“十分、非常

29、、极”解时，前面不用定冠词。Oh, it s most beautiful.I m sorry not to have taken the advice he gave.3.不定冠词常用的几种情况one。丨II return in a day or two.当两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时，第二个形容词前通常不用(1) 表示“一”相当于“(2)定冠词。表示“每”相当于“(3)表示“同一性”相当于“ the sameThe children are of an age.(4) He wants to he a doctor.”per We have three meals a day.Sh

30、e is the tallest and fattest girl in our school.当形容词最高级作表语，不表示与其他人或物相比时，其前不用定冠词。（6） 表示某一个，相当于“a certain”。A Mr. Smith is asking to see（5）表示泛指，相当于“”。A horse is a useful animal.I offered him double the amount, but he still refused.you.二、精典名题导解选择填空（7） 与抽象名词连用，可以表示“一场、一次、一件” ，如：a pleasure一件乐事，a surprise一

31、件令人惊讶的事，a joy一件高兴的事，a pity一件遗憾的事，an1. The warmth ofsort of used.A The ; the Bsweater will of course be determined by the（ ）honour 一个（件）经以为荣的人 事 。（NMET2001（8） 与物质名词连用，表示“一种，一阵、一份”。What a heavy rain! the ; / C /; the D /;/解析：答案为B第一空格为特指，交待泛指，the sort of wool used解sweater这一句词在句中的类别。决于”这个意思。掌握定冠词表特指的基本用

32、法。the warmth的内容，第二空格为What a good supper!所用羊毛的种类。此题有三点需注意： 正确理掌握determine 在句中作“决定”、“取Please give me a black coffee!4. 冠词表类别的常见方式2. Most animals have littledifferent kind unlessconnectionthey kill themthe thewithanimals（1） 定冠词单数可数名词，表示一个，代表一类。The computer was invented in 1945.offor food.（NMET2000）D /

33、theA thea B/ a CThe TV set was invented by Joan Baird.The horse is a useful animal.解析：答案为Bo名词复数表类别， 其前不用冠词， 故第一个空格不填冠词，表不定概念的“一种”，“某种”要用不定冠词。要准确掌握冠词表类别的三种（2） +单数可数名词（表示任意一个，某一个）。A pen is a tool for writing.表达方式和不定冠词常用的几种情况，见前面要点考点聚焦内容。3. Paper money was inuse in China when Marco Polo visitedA square

34、 has four sides.the country in thirteenth century.（NMET199）A horse is a useful animal.A the/ B thethe C / the D / /解析：答案为G题中in use是固定搭配，意为“在使用”， use为抽象名注意：man, woman表示泛指时，不用冠词，且常用单数。如：Man is fighting a battle against pollution.词，其前不用冠词。后者是序数词前用定冠词the。要牢记一些固定搭配如inuse、under construction （在建设中）、in debt

35、（欠债）、come to power（执Man tries to be the protector of woman.政）、on fire （着火）、at table（用餐）、outof work（3） 可数名词或不可数名词，指类别（考虑到同类中的各个情况） 。4. When you come here for your holiday next time don tgo toHorses are useful animals.Rice is a kind of food.5. 冠词位置问题hotel; I can find youA. the; a B. the;bed in my flat

36、.不填 C. a; the D. a;不填解析：答案为C考定语从句。主句部分应是The Englishplay at the Newmy studentsYear s party was a great success.从句补全为独立句子就是（1） 不定冠词+形容词名词。acted in the play.所以应选in ，其余介词不妥。5. Joh n, there is Mr. Wils on on the pho ne for you.This is a very interesting story.（2） 、both、quiterather +不定冠词+ 形容词+ 名词。I ve nev

37、er seen such a film!I m inbath.A. a; the B. the; a C. a;解析：答案为A本题考查冠词用法。in the bath在浴室。D.the;不填不填a+Half a pound of pork,please!What a good idea it is!6. Tom ownslarger collection ofbooks than any（3） as、how 、enough+形容词+ 不定冠词+ 名词。other student in our class.It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent.

38、不填；A. the;不填 B. a;C.a; the D.不填I can t finish the task in so short a time.the解析：答案为Bcollection是可数名词，须填冠词，被比较级This seems not too long a distance.修饰，但是大范围的比较，故填不定冠词，后一空是泛指的表类别的书，且已We wonder how difficult a problem he worked out.However low te price you paid,you waste your money.He is brave enough a hu

39、nter to kill the bear.用了复数，不填冠词。故选Bo语法复习专题三一一代词一、考点聚焦代词分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词（4） 定冠词位置。half、 、three times + the +名词问代词、连接代词、不定代词、关系代词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作He paid twice the price for it.1、人称代词Their house is three times the size of yours.ll、both、double + the +名词Both the blind men were mistaken.All t

40、he students in our class are eager to know the secret.This problem gets a chapter to itself.这个问题占了一章(独有)。(1)人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下况：4中情Just between ourselves , I dont think much of him.怎么看重他。They were discussing about it among themselves.私下地说我并不(相互共同) 作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中，或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用，常

41、用宾格。Does any of you know where Tom lives?Me.Left to himself he began to write.别人走后只留下他，他写了起来。生自己的气。4. 相互代词(each other, one another)I m very angry with myself.What! Me (to) play him at chess? No! 句子中代词作宾语或宾语补足语时，与所替代的名词在人称、数、格在意义上一般要保持前后一致。相互代词无人称、数和格的区别，在句中作宾语。其所有格分别为eachother s、one another s ,作定语。T

42、he thief was thought to be he.(the thief是主格，故用he代替)一般来说，each other指两者之间，one another指三者或三者以上之间，但现在区分已不明显。5. 指示代词(this, that , these, those, such, sameThey took me to be her. 他们误以为我是她。(me是宾格，故用her替代) 作表语人称代词一般用宾格，但在强调句型中，被强调部分代词的格不变。)I met her in the hospital. It was her who I met in the hospital.指示代词

43、具有形容词和代词两种词性，在句子中可以作定语、主语、宾语或表语等。 在比较级的句子中than 后用主格、宾格都可以。如：、 asHe is taller(1) 指示代词this和that的区别。 this (these) 一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；或空间较远的人或物。than me(I).但在下列句中有区别。that(those)常指时间I like Jack as much as her.=I like both Jack and her.I like Jack as much as she.=I like Jack and she likes him, too.(2) 两个以上的人称

44、代词并列，其次序排列原则：This is my desk and that is yours.In those days they could not go to school. 在并列主语中，“I ”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二 三一(人称)。宾格me也一样。 this常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用； that贝U指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。You ,she and I will be in charge of the case.Mr.Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him.I want to tell you this:the English

45、party will be held on Saturday afternoon.He hurt his leg yesterday. Thats why he didnt come. 第三人称，男女两性并用，男先女后。He and she still don t agree to the plan.(3) 几个人称代词的特殊用法。that those 为了避免重复，常用 或代替前面已提过的名词。The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of

46、a fox.) we/you(口语 常用来泛指一般人。 she可以代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。The Titanic” was the largest, wasnt she?2. 物主代词 this在电话用语中作自我介绍，that询问对方；this和that可以当副词用，意思相当于副词。(2) such禾廿same的用法。 such指“这样的”人或事，在句中作主语和定语。Such was the story.(1) 名词和形容词性物主代词各自的语法功能。(2)one s =.of one s own句式的转换。We have never seen such a tall building.(

47、3) 某些固定结构中常用定冠词代替物主代词。女口：take sb. by the arm, be wounded in the leg.3. 反身代词 same指“同样的”人或事，在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语， same的前面要用定冠词the.The same can be said of the other article.(1) 反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。(2) 反身代词和某些动词连有，构成固定短语。另一篇文章也是同样的情况。(主语)enjoy oneself, feel oneself, make oneself at home, make oneself u

48、nderstoodWhether he can do it or not,it is all the same to me.(3) 反身代词还可用于某些成语中。他是否能做这事，对我来说都一样。(表语)6. 疑问代词(who,whom,which,what,whose)疑问代词在句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语。for oneself 为自己或独立地，of oneself自然地，自动地by oneself独自地，in oneself本身性质，beside oneself喜怒哀愁至极(1) who/what 询问姓名或关系。-Whois he? - He is my brother./He isHen

49、ry.询问职业或地位。-Whatis he? -He is a lawyer/teacher. What/who作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于说话人的视点，可单数也可复数。What is /are on the table?Who is/are in the library?(2)which与 who whatwhich表示在一定范围内，而、what则无此限制。one作定语、表语、主语或宾语，可以指人或物，表示“一个”的意思，其复数为ones,指人时，其所有格是one ,反身代词是oneself.I found two books on the desk.Which is yours?One s

50、hould try one s best to serve the （ 主语、定语）7. 连接代词和关系代词This is not the one I （表语）连接代词与疑问代词的形式相同，主要有who whom whose 、which以及它one、ones可以代替上文提到过的名词，以免重复，one、ones前面分别可r们与 ever合成的代词、whomeve whatever、whichever等。它们用来引导主语从句，宾语从句和表语从句，即连接复合句中的主句和从句，并在从句中担任一以用 thisthat、those或the、which等词修饰。如：定的句子成分，以连接代词引起的名词性从句

51、前不能再加These books are more interesting than those ones.that.Here are three pens.Which one is yours,this one or that one or the one in thepencil-box?关系代词是用来引导定语从句的代词， 它们包括who whom whose 、that等。这两类代词的用法详见“名词性从句”和“定语从句”部分。 both用作定语、宾语、主语和同位语，可以指人或指物，表示“两者都”的意思。8、不定代词This maths problem can be worked out

52、in both ways.（定语）不定代词主要有：、each、both、either、neither、one、little、many much, 、another、some 、no等。还有由some 、no和every构成合成代词，不定代词具有名词和形容词的性质，并有可数和不可数之分，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语等（、 no只能作定语）。下面介绍几组主要不定代词的用法与区别。Both of the boys are （ 主语）We both are students.（ 同位语）He gave me all the money.All the schools are flo

53、oded.注意：both全否定时，用如：Both of us are not teachers.（1） some与 any我们俩并不都是教师。一般用法：some any可与单、复数可数名词及不可数名词连有。般用于肯定句，any多用于疑问、否定或条件句。some一Neither of us is a teacher.我们俩都不是教师。、both不能放在the these those my等之后，而应放He has some Chinese （ 定语）none。如：t go out for在它们的前面。如:Some like sports,others like （主语）Both my paren

54、ts like this film.Both the /these boys are tall.Ask me if you have any （ ）Do you have any questions to （ ） all用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语，指“全部的” 、“整个的”，可I don t know any of the students.（宾语）指三个或三个以上的人或物他把全部的钱给了我。所有的学校都被淹了。特殊用法： any用于肯定句表示“任何”的意思。Any child can do that. （定语）I told him all about it.我把一切都告诉了他。Tha

55、t s all for today. 今天就在这儿。They have all been to Xi an.他们都去过西安。注意：all用于否定句，表示部分否定，完全否定用Not all the ants go out for （or:All the ants donfood.并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。You may take any of them. （宾语） some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。Smith went to some place in England.（定语） 在期待对方回答yessome用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。Would you like some banan

56、as? （邀请）None of the money is mine. 这钱一分也不是我的。（3） many禾廿muchmany和much都表示“许多”，但many修饰或代替复数可数名词， much修Mum,could you give me some （ 请求）饰或代替不可数名词。它们在句中可作主语、宾语、定语。much有时用作状语。 some用于否定句表示部分否定。（4） few, little; a few, a littleI don t know some of the students.（宾语）few和little 表示没有多少，含否定意义；而a few禾廿a little表示有一些

57、，有几个，含肯定意义。另外，few、a few修饰可数名词；little、a little修饰不可数名词。它们在句中常用作定语、主语和宾语。some和anysome意为“大约”相当于“about”,而any则表示程度，意为“稍，丝毫”。如：（5） no 禾廿 noneThere are some 300 workers on strike.Do you feel any better today?（2） One, both, allno=not 表示“没有”，用来修饰可数名词或不可数名词，通常作定语，none代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可

58、用复数形式。 none还可以在句中作宾语。1. The Parkers bought a new house but _ will n eed a lot ofwork before they can move in .(NMET 2001)A. they B. it C. one D. which注意：none既可以指人又可以指物，no one只能指人。（6） each 禾廿everyeach （各个），指两个或两个以上的人或物，侧重个体，在句中作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。every（每个），指三个或三个以上的人或物，侧重整体，在句中只能作定语。解析：答案为 。分析题意可知，they显然不合

59、，which多引导从句，从此为并列B句式，one表示泛指，而此处空格内容指代前面提到的the new house。Every student it our class has a （定语，强调班上“所有要仔细区别代词的所指范围，是人还是物，单数还是复数，另应注意句式。2 . If you want to change for a double room you ll have to pay_(NMET 2000$ 15.的人” ）Each student in our class has a dictionary.Each of them has been there.（主语）（定语，强调各个

60、个体）（宾语）A. ano therB. other C. more D. eachThe teacher gave each of the students a new textbook.解析：答案为。本题考查不定代词用于表示数量附加的用法。数字+复数名词”结构通常用来表示在原有数量上的附加。若选another +，正确结构We each got a ticket.(同位语)(7) either禾口 neither是“数词+ more +复数名词。掌握an other和more与数字搭配的位置是此题关键。an other放在数字前，more放在数字后。NMET 1995中第25小题命题思路与