动词不定式主动形式表示被动意义

1、路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索-百度文库动词不定式主动形式表示被动意义look ， feel ,smell, sound, taste等系动词在句中做谓语This coat feels very soft and smooth.Her voice sounds very pleasant.The dishes taste delicious.有些动词做不及物动词，用来表示主语的内在品性或性质。如：wash, clean, cook, iron, cut , sell, read, wear, feel , draw, write , sell 等The book sells well.This

2、 knife cuts easily.My new pen writes well.在need , require, want , worth (adj )后的动名词可以主动表被动The door needs repairing.This book is worth reading.Her mother is ill .She needs looking after.在疑问词what/which/whom+不定式结构中，主动表被动I don t know which to choose .He asked me what to do .5在某些固定句型中，动词不定式作定语，用主动形式表被动意义

3、。have (give, show) sth. to do在这种句型中的不定式与前边的名词有动宾关系，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关 系。例如：I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. to do与 things 是动宾关 系，与I是主谓关系。否则，在表示被动意义时，仍需要被动式。试比较：Have you any thing to do t his aft ernoon?今天下午你有事要做吗？(to do是由you发出的)Have you any thing to be taken to your paren ts?你有要带给你父母的东西吗？(

4、谁 带不得而知)再如：Please get me some thing to read.请给我弄点读的材料。Hell show you the right pa th to t ake.他会给你指出要走的正确的路。There is much work to do.Have you any questions to ask?Would you like something to drink?It (This, That)+be + a/ an+adj. + n. +to do在这种句型中，不定式与前面的名词有动宾关系。动词不定式可改为动词不定式复合结 构。例如：This is a difficu

5、lt question to answer.这是个难答的问题。question 与 to answer 为动宾关系。to answer 可改为 for me to answer。1路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索-百度文库再如：It is an easy sentence to translate.这个句子很容易翻译。difficult , hard等形容词作表语时，其后做状语的不定式用主动形式表被动。The problem is easy to work out.The text is difficult to understand.The man is hard to please.Ther

6、e +be +n. +to do在此句型中，用来修饰主语的不定式，可用主动式，也可用被动式，只是侧重点不同。用 主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动式作定语，重点在物。例如：没有时间可以耽误。可译成：There is no time to lose (to be lost).用 to lose 可看成 for us to lose;用 to be lost,谁 lost time 不明确。但下述两句用主动不定式与被动不定式意义不同：Thereisnothingtodonow.(=We have nothing to do now.) 现在没事干。Thereisnothingtobedone.(=We

7、 can do nothing now.)现在没办法了。Thereisnot hingtosee. (not hing worth seeing)没有东西值得看。Thereisnot hingtobeseen.(not hing t here at all)看不见什么东西。6在某些“形容词+不定式”的结构中，不定式有被动意义，与句子主语构成动宾关系。 其句型有：n. +be + adj. +to doThe question was very difficult to answer. 这问题很难回答。The job is very easy to do.这工作很容易做。n. +be + too

8、+adj. +to doThe thing is too small to see.这东西太小看不见。This book is too difficult to understand completely.The tree is too tall to climb.was too exci ted to say a word. 我激动得连一句话也说不出。n. +be +adj. +enough to doThe box is light enough to carry.这盒子轻得可带走。The book is cheap enough to buy.这本书很便宜可以买。但下列两句可用不定式的主

9、动式，也可用被动式：This plant is fit to eat / to be eaten.这种植物可以食用。The cake is ready to eat / to be eaten.这块饼可以吃了。7.某些动词，如to let, to blame (责备)，to seek (寻找)用主动式表被动意义。 The house is to let.这房子要出租。Who is to blame for it?这得怪谁？The reason is not far to seek.这理由不难找到。& remain表示“留待以后一般都用sth. remain to be seen/done的结构

10、21.a.1.a.2.a.3.a.4.a.5.a.6.a.7. a.&a.1.a.2.a.3.a.4.a.5.a.6.a.7. a.&a.路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索-百度文库练习：选择填空。The chair looks rat her hard, butn fac t it is very comf ort able to ,sitb.sit onc.besat d. be sat onIm hungry. Get me some thing .eatb.to eatc.tobe eat d. for eatingIt is difficu lt for a foreigner Chinese.writeb.to writec.tobe written d. writtenI have no more lett ers , t hank you.to type b. typing c. to be typedd. typed TOC o 1-5 h z The car is rat her difficu lt .to repair b. to be repaired c. repairing d. being repairedHe was nowhere .to see b. to be seen c. seeing d.