石景山教学设计讲座20080715课件

1、 研究教学设计提高教学有效性北京教科院基教研究中心沈玲娣2008年7月15日研究教学设计 提高教学有效性良好的教学设计是教学有效的保证在教学设计中关注教学的有效性案例教学设计与教学有效性教学设计的目的与意义 优化学习效果，提高学习效率（make learning more effective and efficient）；为教师提供一种科学的、便于操作的教学技术手段和方法；促使教师将以学生为中心、以教学过程为重点、以教学效率和教学效果为目的等重要的教育思想显性地凸现出来；从不自觉的教学行为发展成自觉的教学行为。教 学教育是以促进学习的方式影响学习者的一系列事件。教学是一项以帮助人们学习为目的的

2、事业。教学设计原理 RM加涅教学设计英语学科课程标准课程性质 语言是人类最重要的思维和交流工具， 也是人们参与社会活动的重要条件。 英语要体现课标六大理念面向全体 注重过程 指导策略关注情感 体现文化 运用现代技术 教学设计一节好课 一节好课是在师生互动的过程中， 达成教学目标的，学生的有效学习过程。教学设计教学设计 学段教学全面规划 单元教学整体安排 课堂教学优化设计 教材分析（瞻前顾后）教学设计 TOP TENQUESTIONS to ask myself as I design lessens1. What should students know and be able to do w

3、ith what they know as a result of this lesson? How are these objectives related to national, state, and/or district standards or proficiencies?2. How will students demonstrate what they know and what they can do with what they know? What will be the assessment criteria and what form will it take?3.

4、How will I find out what students already know, and how will I help them access what they know and have experienced both inside and outside the classroom? 教学设计在教学设计中关注教学的有效性钻研教材关注教学目标的确定与达成设计全员有效参与的教学活动注重评价反馈的实效教学设计案例讨论案例1 Book 4B Module 1 Unit 4 上海版牛津英语教学内容: This is David. He cannot see. He is blin

5、d. He can hear. He can touch. He can feel. He can smell. He can taste. 钻研教材 案例1 Book 4B Module 1 Unit 4问题引导：1. How do the blind know the world? S1: Im blind. I cannot see, but I can touch the triangle with my hands. S2: Im blind. I cannot see, but I can smell coffee with my nose.2. How do the blind

6、read?3. How do the blind walk?4. How can we help them?钻研教材 案例 Book 4B Module 1 Unit 4重组后的内容： Topic: The Blind Some people can hear, smell, touch and feel. They are good at listening and smelling, but they cannot see. They are blind. How do they read? They use the sense of touch. They read special bo

7、ok with their hands. How do they walk? They walk with sticks or seeing-eye dogs. They also listen carefully.钻研教材在教学设计中关注教学的有效性钻研教材关注教学目标的确定与达成设计全员有效参与的教学活动注重评价反馈的实效教学设计需要关注的问题阐述明确具体的教学目标，解决“学到什么程度”的问题Objectives should not be activities that will be used in the lesson. They should be the learning out

8、comes of those activities. Objectives should be directly measurable.目标与达成Activities？Outcomes？Students will be able to:read and know about the two cities introduced in the reading passagechoose proper prepositions used with relative pronounslearn some expressions to describe a city or a placewrite a

9、short passage about BeijingAAOOdescribe a city or a place目标与达成教学目标的确定以教学内容为目标，教师将关注教学内容的完成以学生学习效果为目标，教师将关注学生学会了什么目标与达成教学目标案例要符合课标和教学内容的要求、符合学生的实际情况。教学目标的描述要清晰、具体、具有可操作性。教学目标不但要明确语言知识学习和语言技能的培养，也要对学生学习策略的形成和情感态度价值观的培养有所说明。 案例：“柳海玲”，“樊凯”，“牛晓东”目标与达成 Streets 第一课时词句教学 柳海玲 新起点英语二年级上册【教学内容】Words:复习学过的交通工具：

10、car, bus学习本课的词汇： A. 交通工具：van,taxi,bicycle, subway, B. 交通设施：bus stop, subway station, traffic light C. 街 道：street Sentences:1. 会用This is介绍街道上的交通工具和设施。2. 会用I go to school by联系实际说说自己每天怎么上学和I go to by谈论选择不同的交通工具去哪。目标与达成 Animal World 第一课时 樊凯 新起点英语六年级上第3单元一、教学内容：词汇：reptile, bird, fish, insect, mammal句型：Wh

11、at kind of animal is ? It is a /an目标与达成 Animal World 第一课时 樊凯 新起点英语六年级上第3单元教学目标： （一）知识与技能1、能够认读五个表示动物类别的词汇：insect, mammal, reptile, fish, bird 。2、能够用What kind of animal is? Its a/an. 语句，初步询问和表达动物的类别。3、能够根据自己的能力，用学过的语言对自己喜欢的动物进行描述，并能编写动物谜语。（二）过程与方法 通过创设Riddle Party任务活动，激发学生主动参与的积极性, 尊重学生的需要和个体差异，采用师生、

12、同伴及小组互动的学习方式，充分发挥学生的主体作用，力争使每一个学生都能在各自不同的基础上获得发展。 （三）情感、态度与价值观1、通过多种形式的游戏和活动，如：猜谜语、摆卡片、看谁反应快、编谜语、猜谜互动等，激发学生英语学习的兴趣。2、渗透分类记忆学习策略。3、通过完成各项任务活动，使学生体验进步与成功，同时鼓励学生相互评价，树立勇于克服困难的自信心，培养学生积极进取的学习态度。 目标与达成 Unit 4 Colors 牛晓东 北师大版小学英语 一年级 知识与技能：一级目标：在卡通片的引导下，能听懂、会说red，yellow， blue，green，brown，5种表示颜色的单词并能用What

13、color is it? Its来进行问答。二级目标：能够掌握8种左右表示颜色的单词，并能较为灵活 的就自己身边物品的颜色进行问答或表述。三级目标：能够掌握八种以上表示颜色的单词，并能在课下自 觉主动的延伸学习；能够用小的语篇（五句左右）形容物 品。目标与达成教学目标的确定与达成 教学目标不但要明确语言知识学习和语言技能的培养，也要对学生学习策略的形成和情感态度价值观的培养有所说明。确定教学目标的同时，要考虑目标的达成与评价。反馈与评价的内容和形式要与语言技能的训练和语言知识的学习密切相关。提倡课堂教学评价的多样化。 目标与达成在教学设计中关注教学的有效性钻研教材关注教学目标的确定与达成设计全

14、员有效参与的教学活动注重评价反馈的实效教学过程的一般程序目标内容过程成果 要体现一致性、主线明确，环节之间有逻辑过程符合认知规律，建议遵循 “语言接触理解体验语言聚焦/练习 自主运用” 的教学思路。教学活动的设计应与教学目标一致，要考虑到学习过程中有效的语言输入和输出，考虑到学生语言综合运用能力的形成。有个体学习环节，有内化的过程，有整合的过程，有运用的活动展示前有充分的准备，有足够的语言操练过程，语言知识的学习过程完整 教学活动设计 Writing the step-by-step procedures that will be performed to reach the objectiv

15、esActivities：Is it effective?Is each student involved in it?Is the practice authentic?Does it match with the objectives?教学活动设计Dave: Mom, listen! The wind is blowing so hard.Mother: The weather report says its going to rain tonight.Dave: So we cant go for a walk after supper today.Mother: You are rig

16、ht. Its better to stay indoors.A: Mom, listen! The wind is blowing so hard.B: The weather report says its going to rain tonight.A: So we cant go out for a walk after supper.B: You are right. Its better to stay indoors.Listen and writeWhen? Why? 教学活动设计 Effective？How many students will do it? First my

17、 cousin and I put out the welcome mat. I made 3 litres of orange juice. Then the people started coming and we served drinks. After that I started frying some food and my cousin started serving the food. Unfortunately, while I was talking to a friend I burnt the sausages! My uncle Jim spent all eveni

18、ng taking photos. He took one terrible one of Auntie Barbara giving me a kiss! Dad was very funny. Ill never forget him dancing with mum at the party. 教学活动设计All students?Do it together or individually?How many students will do it? First my cousin and I put out the welcome mat. I made 3 litres of ora

19、nge juice. Then the people started coming and we served drinks. After that I started frying some food and my cousin started serving the food. Unfortunately, while I was talking to a friend I burnt the sausages! My uncle Jim spent all evening taking photos. He took one terrible one of Auntie Barbara

20、giving me a kiss! Dad was very funny. Ill never forget him dancing with mum at the party. 教学活动设计All students?Do it together or individually?How many students will do it?教学活动设计All students? Lets find the verbs together. (some Ss talk, and T cycles) What tenses are used? (some Ss talk, and T marks) Wh

21、y? (some Ss give the reasons)Do it together.How many students will do it? First my cousin and I put out the welcome mat. I made 3 litres of orange juice. Then the people started coming and we served drinks. After that I started frying some food and my cousin started serving the food. Unfortunately,

22、while I was talking to a friend I burnt the sausages! My uncle Jim spent all evening taking photos. He took one terrible one of Auntie Barbara giving me a kiss! Dad was very funny. Ill never forget him dancing with mum at the party. 教学活动设计All students?Do it together or individually?How many students

23、 will do it?教学活动设计All students? Cycle all the verb in the passage. (T example; all Ss cycle) How many verbs have you found? (Ss pair work; all Ss count, check) What tenses are used？(Ss think) Check. (all Ss check and think) Why? (some Ss give the reasons, all the Ss listen and think )Do it individua

24、lly.How many students will do it? First my cousin and I put out the welcome mat. I made 3 litres of orange juice. Then the people started coming and we served drinks. After that I started frying some food and my cousin started serving the food. Unfortunately, while I was talking to a friend I burnt

25、the sausages! My uncle Jim spent all evening taking photos. He took one terrible one of Auntie Barbara giving me a kiss! Dad was very funny. Ill never forget him dancing with mum at the party. 教学活动设计All students?Do it together or individually?Positive Interdependence(sink or swim together) Each grou

26、p members efforts are required and indispensable for group success. Each group member has a unique contribution to make to the joint effort because of his or her resources and/or role and task responsibilities.教学活动设计All students?Writing: My motherWho will report?Positive Interdependence教学活动设计All stu

27、dents?案例儿童节案例职业Authentic? Useful？教学活动设计Language?A: Shall we go to the zoo?B: OK.A: When shall we meet?B: On a holiday.A: Where shall we meet?B: At the gate. Writing the step-by-step procedures that will be performed to reach the objectivesActivities：Is it effective?Is each student involved in it?Is

28、the practice authentic?Does it match with the objectives?教学活动设计在教学设计中关注教学的有效性钻研教材关注教学目标的确定与达成设计全员有效参与的教学活动注重评价反馈的实效为什么要在课堂上进行评价？激起学生的学习兴趣引起学生的深入思考提高学生语言运用的质量引导学生进行有效的语言交际Making sure that the assessment specifically measures whether the objectives were reached or not研究教学设计 提高教学有效性良好的教学设计是教学有效的保证在教学设计

29、中关注教学的有效性案例教学设计与教学有效性案例教学设计与教学有效性设计层次渐进、逻辑缜密的语言活动面向全体学生，搭建个性化收获空间 教学案例 教学有效性案例教学资源的准备教师要充分的多角度的利用教材和其它教学资源。学习资源是否适当和丰富，影响着学生在语言输入的过程中体验和学习语言的效果。教学设计的实施与反思 在教学设计的实施过程中，教师应高度关注学生的学习过程，教师要善于抓住师生、生生互动中产生的鲜活的动态的生成性教学问题，及时调整教学内容与教学方法，。 教学设计实施之后，教师应通过观察、测试或访谈等不同形式，对教学过程进行反思，发现和总结教学过程中的有效和需要改进之处。 反思教学设计，提高教

30、学设计质量。教学设计不能确保教学质 量，教学设计只是方法，只有合理使用，才能提高学习效果和学习效率。Thank you ! 欢迎与老师们交流研讨Jyzx_沈玲娣教学设计的工具 教学设计强调教学的科学取向，所以教学设计有一系列的工具。教师通过运用这些工具进行教学设计来实现教学的科学化，教学设计的工具通常有： 教学分析表 教学流程图 教学过程表 设 计 说 明基本要素：学习者 目标 策略 评价 线性过程与 系统方法的 统一（要从 系统的整体 性出发设计 各要素） 为什么学学什么怎么学学得如何教学设计过程的一般模式教学分析表教学案例：My Birthday（三） 张鲁静 在语言输出环节设计不同语言层

31、次的运用活动 活动一：朋友生日备忘录制作活动。请调查到的朋友最多的学生向全班学生汇报自己的调查结果。 语言运用：When is your birthday? My birthday is in .教学有效性案例教学案例：My Birthday（三） 张鲁静在语言输出环节设计不同语言层次的运用活动活动二：制作家庭生日书活动，并请学生展示并介绍自己的家庭生日书。 语言运用：My name is . I am years old. My birthday is in . My fathers birthday is in. I want to for my father. My mother birthday is in . I want to for my mother. I love my family. （划线部分为本节课的新授内容，其余部分为综合已知的内容。）教学有效性案例教学有效性案例小学英语课堂教学设计案例讨论新起点英语三年级上第37课 本节课学习内容为复习巩固12个月的英文名称，学习新的交际用语“When is your birthday? My birthday is in .”，并能够就生日的话题展开简单的讨论。 My Birthday 的教学环节（15个环节）活动一 TPR（Draw a picture. Make a card. Sing a song. Sh