高考英语定语从句和名词性从句讲解与综合训练

1、高考英语定语从句和名词性从句讲解与综合训练名词从句有四类：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。比方：宾语从句：Idontknowwherehewillgo.主语从句：Wherehewillgoisunknown.表语从句：Theproblemishowwecangetsomuchmoney.同位语从句：Weallfeelsorryaboutthenewsthathefailedinthegame.下面几点是学名从句要加以注意的：1whether和if都能够引从句表达“可否”意，（即引从句if和whether能够互）但以下几种名从句要用whether（不用if）引：（1）引主从句，且在句首

2、。例：Whetherhehaswonthetennisisnotknown.(但Itisnotknownwhether/ifhehaswonthetennis).（2）引表从句。例Theproblemiswhetherhecangetajob.（3）引同位从句。例：Ihavenoideawhetherhewillcome.（4）介后的whether从句。例：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.2位于句首引主从句的that不能忘。比方：Thathegotthefirstplaceinthecompetitionsurprisedallofus.3在“Itissu

3、ggested/proposed/ordered/apity/nowonder/necessary/strange/that从句”构中，that从句实用（should）do的虚气形式。比方：Itissuggestedthatwe(should)improvetherelationsbetweenus.Itisapitythatone(should)stayinoneplacealloneslife.Itisstrangethatsheshouldhavefailedtoseeherownshortcomings（缺点）.4在“Thereasonwhyisthat”句式中that不要becaus

4、e.比方：Thereasonwhyhedidntgotoschoolyesterdayisthathewasill.5名从句中that,what用法比：析：此题要选陈述语序项，故应消除do后无宾引导名词从句的that是连词，在句中无成份，没心义，而what是连接代词，whatthething(s)that.比方：Itwastoldinyesterdaysnewspaperthatwhatthestudentshaddonewaspraisedthethings(that)没心义bythefactory.Iknowthathewillstudy.Iknowwhathewillstudy.That

5、heworkshardathislessonsisknowntousall.Whatheworkshardatisknowntousall.AllIaskisthatyoushouldtellthetruth./Heisnotwhat(thepersonthat)heusedtobe他.和以前大不一样样了。6where在名词从句中的使用特点：where在名词从句中有时能够变为“theplacewhere”,有时能够变为“介词theplacewhere”形式。比方：主从：Where(Theplacewhere)shehasgoneisstillunknown.宾从：Wouldyoupleaset

6、ellmewhere(theplacewhere)MrSmithlives?表从：Yourdictionaryremainswhere(in/attheplacewhere)youput.同位从：Haveyouanyideawhere(oftheplacewhere)sheisspendingherholidays?7无论是哪一种名词从句都是陈述语序。比方：Iknowwherehelives./Pleasetellmewhathernameis.当一个特别疑问句自己就是陈述语序（即“主谓（宾）”或“主系表”结构），将其变为间接引语（即宾语从句）时，无需改变语序。比方：Whatsthematte

7、rwithhim?Sheaskedmewhatwasthematterwithhim.Wholooksafteryourgrandfather?Heaskedmewholookedaftermygrandfather.名词从句考点解析1Theywanttoknow_dotohelpus.(NMET)A.whattheycanB.howtheycanC.howcantheyD.whatcantheyC、D。又因howtheycando不完满，故也消除，只有A既是述序，且whattheycando完满正确地表达出“他能做些什么”一意思，故答案A。2Histeacher_he_brightand_h

8、ewasworthteaching.A.didntthink;was;thatB.thought;was;whetherC.didntthink;was;D.thought;wasnt;析：察目，可知think后跟有and接的两个并列从句，前一个从句的引that能够省略，但引后一从句的that不能省略，据此，可消除C、D两个。若B，全句意思不通，而A可表达“他的老他不明，不得教”一意思，且法构无，故可定A是正确答案。3_isdonecannotbeundone.A.HowB.ThatC.WhatD.Where析：do一般作及物使用，从干看，需一作主（上是done的）。而A.How,D.Wher

9、e均是副，不能够作主，故消除。Bthat一只能在定从句中作主，不能够在主从句中作主，也消除。只有what(thethingthat),才能正确表述“凡是做的不能不做”一意思。4Takecare_youdontmakemistakesinthecomingexam.A.ofthatB.aboutthatC.forwhatD.that析：takecare是“注意”、“当心”意，后边可跟that引的从句来表达“当心不要”意思，据此，D。5Tohissurprise,theumbrellawasnot_hehadput.A.whichB.whereC.theplaceD.that析：察干，wasnot

10、后是表，依照where在表从句中相当于in/attheplacewhere,将其置于空白可表达“不在他当初放的地方”一意思，而C缺少，不能。A、D皆不合用。6_wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.what;whatB.what;thatC.that;thatD.that;what析：此然是要表达“我得不到的西忧如比我获取的西好。”一意思，即“AseemsbetterthatB”构，依照whatthething(s)that一特点，将其置于两空白正好能够表达出前者比后者好一意思，故答案A。7_wellgocampingtomorrowdependsonthewea

11、ther.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where析：此depends前的主从句是一个不必定的内容，在句首表“可否”意，只能用Whether,不能用If。故答案B。8_theyaremostinterestedinis_theycanproducemoreandbettercars.A.That;howB.What;howC.What;whatD.That;that析：is前面是一个主语从句，要表达“他们最感兴趣的（东西）”这一意思，只能选what填入空白;is是表语从句，显然只有选how才能表达“如何生产更多更好的汽车”，故答案为B。9Hemadeasuggestionthatt

12、heEnglishtest_untilnextWednesday.A.willbeputoffB.beputoffC.willputoffD.putoff析：suggestion,order,adivce等词后的同位语从句谓语要用（式，且该句中test与putoff为被动关系，应选B。10Idontthink_hesaidsomethinglikethatisright.should）do的形A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.when析：此句think后是一宾语从句，这个宾语从句的主语在is以前，它是一个被动句。因为hesaidsomethinglikethat已经含有主、谓、宾、

13、状等成分，只有选不表意义，不做成分的that才合适，应选A。定语从句一、定语从句与引导词定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词，而引导定语从句的词叫引导词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。懂得什么样的先行词后用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句的要点。1关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语，whose作定语。代人的有：who,whom,whose,that；代物的有：that,which,whose.比方：ThemanwhohelpedyouisMrWhite.(who代人，在定语从句中作主语)Thatisthe

14、person(whom/who/that)youwanttosee.(whom,who,that代人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略)Imnotthefool(that)youthoughtmetobe.(that代人，在定从中作表语)Adictionaryisausefulbookwhich(that)tellsusthemeaningofwords(which或that代物，在定从中作主语)2关系副词有：when(指时间)，where(指地点),why(指原因)，在定语从句中作状语。比方：Wouldyousuggestatime(when)wecanhaveatalk?(when可省略)The

15、housewheretheyliveisnotverylarge./Thisisthereasonwhyhedidnotcametothemeeting.注意：不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从，不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从。比方：Wellvisitthefactorywhich(that)makesradios.(which或that在定从中作主语，where不能用主语，故不能用)Theystillrememberthehappydays(which/that)theyspentinBeidaihe.(which或that在定从中作spent的宾语，when不能作宾语，故不能

16、用)二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代词,起限制作用；非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句分开，能够修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子，起补充说明的作用。非限制性定语从句不能够用that引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能够省略。非限制性定语从句例：LiPingsfather,whoworksinafactory,isanengineer./Hetoreupmyphoto,whichmademeveryangry.(which指代主句内容，因前后两句是因果关系，此时which不能换为as。)Heisgoodatphys

17、ics,asisknowntousall.Asisknowntousall,heisgoodatphysics.(as指代主句内容，在asisknown/believed,asweallknow/believe这类结构中as不能换为which)三、只用that引导和不用that引导的场合1只用that引导和不用that引导的场合1）当先行词既包括人又包括物时：Hetalkedaboutthemenandthebooksthatattractedhim.2）指物的先行词被any,every,only,very,all,no等修饰时：Thesearetheverypointsthatinteres

18、tme./ThatstheonlywatchthatIlikemost.3）指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高等修饰时：Thefirststepthatwearetotakeisverydifficult./Thisisthesecondcardthathegaveme.4）先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,及everything,anything,nothing等时：Thereisstillmuchthatcanbedoneaboutit./Haveyougoteverythingthatyouneed?5）先行词是who时：Whothathaveseenhimdo

19、esnotlikehim?2不用that的场合以下：1）非限制性定语从句中Lastnight,Isawaverygoodfilm,whichwasabouttheLongMarch.2）介词放在关系代词以前时ThisisthemanfromwhomIlearntthenews3）句中出了that，或先行是thatIhavefoundthatwhichIwaslookingfor.四、“介关系代”用法1介的确定依照定从句中短的性搭配，比方：Whoisthegirlwithwhomyoujustshookhands?(shakehandswith是性搭配)2介常受先行的制（即介和先行的搭配），比方

20、：Hebuiltatelescopethroughwhichhecouldstudytheskies.(throughwhich即throughthetelescope)3当关系代作“介”固定短的，此因定短中的介不能够翻开移到关系代前。比方：Thisisthewatchwhichyourelookingfor./Heisakindofmanwhomyoucansafelydependon.五、几个名后的引situation后常用where,inwhich引定从句：Canyouimagineasituationwhere/inwhichyoucanusetheword?way(方式，方法)后常用

21、inwhich或that或how引定从句，也可省略：Doyouknowtheway(inwhich/that/how)heworkedouttheproblem?“thesame名”，“such名”，“as名”后平时用as引定从句。比方：Ihavethesamedictionaryasyou(have)./Suchabookasyouboughtisnotworthbuying.定从句考点解析1Thebestwork_Luxunwroteand_Ihavereadhasbeenmadeintoafilm.A.which;thatB.that;C.;thatD.;析：若是两个定从句并列，关系代作

22、前一句的能够省略，但后一句的不能省略，故C。2Itwasin1969_twoAmericansgottothemoonbyspaceship.Itwas1969_twoAmeriansgottothemoonbyspaceship.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.析：第一句是in1969,构是“Itwas部分that句”，故C。第二句It是表的，先行1969在从句中作状，故A。3Isthisthehouse_Shakespearewasborn?A.atwhichB.whichC.inwhichD.atwhere析：察目，空白只有填inwhich或where才能表达“是莎士比出生的房

23、子？”一意思，故答案C。4Isthishouse_Shakespearewasborn?A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.atwhich析：将此句述句；Thishouseis_Shakespearewasborn.然is后是一表从句，只有where(theplacewhere)才能表达“是莎士比的出生地”一意思，故答案A。5Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasingleperson_shecouldturnforhelp.A.towhomB.ofwhomC.fromwhomD.that析：“介关系代”要考短搭配或与先行搭配，道短turnto有关，故A。6Th

24、etwothings_theyfeltveryproudwereJimsgoldwatchandDellashair.AaboutwhichB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.forwhich析：涉及be/feelproudof短，故答案B。7Haveyoueveraskedhimthereason_mayexplainhisbeinglate.A.whyB.thatC.forwhichD.what析：此易A、C，因先行是thereason,但察解析，定从句缺少主，所以答案是B。注意what不能够引定从句。8Farmingisdifficult_thereisnorain.A.whereB

25、.inplaceC.thatD.theplacewhere析：因difficult是形容，故以后不是定从句。儿的空白填引状从句where(intheplacewhere),全句表达“在没有雨水的地方耕种困”。一意思，可答案A。9Weneedthesamemachine_inyourfactory.A.whichisbeingusedB.asisbeingusedC.thatisbeingusedD.asitisbeingused析：依照“thesame先行”后跟as引定从句的原，可知答案B。10_thepeople,notthings_aremostimportant.A.Thereare;w

26、hoB.Thoseare;thatC.Itis;thatD.Itwas;who析：仔察解析目，可知只有C构成句才有成立。当我要其句的判断可否正确，只要将“Itis(或was)that”三个去掉，剩下部分起来正确无，明判断是正确的，反之是的。此如不填“Itisthat”三，句子是Thepeople,notthingsaremostimportant.完满正确，明C是的。名从句、定从句1._surprisedmemostwasthenews_ourteamwon.A.That;thatB.What;whichC.What;thatD.That;which2.Thisistheonlybook_Iw

27、anttoread.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as3.Thereason_Iamsolateis_thebus.A.that;IdidntcatchB.;thatImissedC.why;becauseIhavemissedD.;becausemynotcatchingTheproblem_hasbeencompletelysettled.A.whichyouthoughtB.thatyouthoughtC.aboutwhichyouthoughtitD.thatyouthoughtaboutIsthisthetaperecorderyouwish_?A.tohaveitrep

28、airedB.torepairitC.tohaverepairedD.repairingTheelectrictoy_lastmonthhasgoneoutoforder.A.IboughtitforhimB.whichIboughttohimC.IboughtforhimD.thatIboughttohimHisheadsoonappearedoutofoneofthesecondstoreywindows,_heoculdseenothingbuttress.Everyminute_fulluseoftostudyourlessonswilldoourstudentsgood.A.whic

29、hmakesB.thatismadeC.thatmadeD.whatismadeWillitbetwomonths_wecangetanotherone?A.thatB.whenC.beforeD.inwhich10.Aftergraduationweshouldgo_ourPartyneedsusmost.A.totheplacewhichB.inwhichC.thatD.where11.Thereisapopularbeliefamongparents_schoolsarenolougerinterestedinhandwriting.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.which12

30、.Helentmealotofmaney,_IcouldntbuytheTVset.A.withitB.forwhichC.withoutwhichD.bywhich13.Waterpowerstationsarebulit_bigwaterfalls.A.whichareB.whichhasC.wheretherehaveD.wherethereare14.Thedirection_aforceactscanbechanged.A.howB.whichC.towardsD.15.Wasityesterday_youreceivedtheletterfromher?A.whenB.whichC

31、.onwhichD.that16.Intheendshedecidedtosellthehouse_windowswerealmostbroken.A.whichB.thatC.ofwhichD.whose17.That_youlentmewasnt_Iwanted.A.that;allB.which;allC.that;whatD.which;that18.Eachtime_theymet,theywouldtalklonghourstogether.A.duringB.whichC.whereD.19.Thisisthethirdweek_fortherubbish.A.thattheyd

32、idntcomeB.theyarentcomingC.theyhaventcomeD.whentheyhaventcome20.Onthedesk_aChinesebrush_hehadmadedrawing.A.lay;withwhichB.lies;bywhichC.laid;inwhichD.lay;onwhich21.Wellneverforgetthedays_wespentontheseashore.A.duringwhichB.inwhichC.whenD.22.Thebeautifulchurch_weseethereisveryfamous.A.thetowerwhichB.

33、ofwhosetowerC.thetowerofwhichD.ofwhichtower23.The11thAsianGames,_Chinawon183goldmedals,washeldintheautumnof1990.A.whichB.thatC.atwhichD.atthat24.Theonlything_iswrongwiththisis_afriendofminesaidtometheotherday.A.which;whatB.what;thatC.that;whatD.that;which25.Whoisheman_istalkingwithJohn?A.whichB.whoC.whatD.that26.Thefarmeruseswoodtobuildahouse_tostoregrains.A.withwhichB.towhereC.whichD.inwhich27.Ireallydontknow_Ihadmypocketpicked.A.wherewasitthatB.itwaswherethatC.whereitwasthatD.wasitwherethat28.Heinsistedthathe_rightindoingthat.A.shou