2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(全国卷2,含答案)完整版

1、精细；挑选；精细；挑选；2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（全国卷2）考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小

2、题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman?Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Colleagues.Brotherandsister.Teacherandstudent.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onat

3、rain.A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onatrain.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?Arestaurant.B.Astreet.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview?A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.C.Itwassuccessful.A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.C.Itwassuccessful.第二节（共1

4、5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。WhenwillJudygotoaparty？OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.WhatwillMaxdonext？A.Flyakite.B.Readamagazine.C.Dohishomework.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。Whatdoesthemansuggestdoi

5、ngatfirst？Goingtoaconcert.Watchingamovie.Playingacomputergame.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo？A.VisitMike.B.Goboating.C.Takeawalk.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans？A.Red.B.Green.C.Blue.Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome？Toeattheminasafeplace.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.Tomaketheirownershappy

6、.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation？A.Grateful.B.Humorous.C.Curious.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。WhoisMacy？A.Edsmother.B.Edsteacher.C.Edsfriend.HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten？A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten？Tellingstories.B.Singingsongs.C.Playingwithothers.Whatdotheteac

7、herssayaboutEd？A.Hesclever.B.Hesquiet.C.Hesbrave.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。AtwhatagedidEmilystartlearningballet？A.Five.B.Six.C.Nine.WhydidEmilymovetoToronto？A.Toworkforadanceschool.Toperformatadancetheater.Tolearncontemporarydance.WhydidEmilyquitdancing？A.Shewastoooldtodance.Shefailedtogetascholarship.Shelo

8、stinterestinit.HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining？A.Shespleased.B.Shesregretful.C.Shesupset第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASummerActivitiesStudentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/careers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinsch

9、oolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalised,parents/careerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchildschoices.ActivityDescriptionMemberofstaffCostOutdoorAdventureTakeyourselfoutMr.Clemens140（OUT）ofyourcomfortzoneforaweek,discovernewpersonalqualities,andlearnnewskil

10、ls.YouwillbeabletotakepartinanumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowildcampingonDartmoor.Learnrockclimbingandworkasateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoorenvironment.WWIBattlefieldsandParis(WBP)OnMondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarIbattlefields.OnDay

11、3wecrossintoBelgium.ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneytoPariswherewewillMrs.Milson425visitDisneylandParispark,stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthefireworks.Ourfinalday,Friday,seesusvisitcentralParisandtourthemainsights.CraftyFoxes(CRF)Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundtextiles.Makinglovelyobjectsus

12、ingrecycledandmadematerials.Bags,cushionsanddecorations.Learnskillsandleavewithmodernandunusualtextiles.Mrs.Goode30PottyaboutPotter(POT)VisitWarnerBrosStudio,shopstoptobuypicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedYouthHostelinStreatley-onMissDrake150-Thames,guidedtourofOxfordtoseethefilmlocations,picnicluncho

13、utsideOxfordsChristchurch,boatingontheRiverCherwellthroughtheUniversityParks,beforeheadingbacktoExeter.Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.WhatwillthestudentsdoonTuesdaywithMrs.Wilson?A.TraveltoLondon.B.Seeaparadeandfireworks.C.TourcentralParis.D.VisittheWWIbattlefie

14、lds.HowlongdoesPottyaboutPotterlast?Twodays.B.Fourdays.C.Fivedays.D.Oneweek.BManyofusloveJulybecauseitsthemonthwhennaturesberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsformBritishColumbiasfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinv

15、itaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein（蛋白质）,ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants抗（氧化物质）.TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries（樱桃）,th

16、eyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfree

17、ze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“soft-serve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.This

18、makesafunactivityforachildrensparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?A.Theycontainprotein.TheyarehighinvitaminA.A.Theycontainprotein.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.Theyhaveaple

19、asanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparag

20、raph?B.Adrink.Adessert.B.Adrink.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessfor

21、fun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.TeensandyoungerchildrenarereadingWhilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildrenslives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.WhilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeAcco

22、rdingtothereportskeyfindings,“theproportion（比例）whosaytheyhardlyeverreadforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday.”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages28,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinre

23、adingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel（建议）parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincre

24、asedscreentime.Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparent

25、swhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom（逼近）ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?Childrensreadinghabits.Qualityofchildrensbooks.

26、Childrensafter-classactivities.Parent-childrelationships.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupportschildrenarereadingalotlessforfun?Inparagraph2.B.Inparagraph3.Inparagraph4.D.Inparagraph5.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?E-booksareofpoorquality.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.Itmayharmchildrenshealth.E-read

27、ersareexpensive.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A.Actasrolemodelsforthem.Askthentowritebookreports.Setupreadinggroupsforthem.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.DWeveallbeenthere:inalift,ilnineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,wo

28、rse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.Whatstheproblem?Itspossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.Itsmorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseitsawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkitsannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkiswor

29、ththetrouble.Expertssayitsaninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecantforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldntevenexistifitwerentforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(润滑剂forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInst

30、ituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,heexplains.Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop

31、.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteractior互动)withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.Itsnotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,saysDunn.Butinteractionsw

32、ithperipheral(边缘的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,hesays.Whatphenomenonisdescr

33、ibedinthefirstparagraph?A.Addictiontosmartphones.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D.Impatiencewithslowservice.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A.Showinggoodmanners.B.Relatingtootherpeople.C.Focusingonatopic.D.Makingbusinessdeals.Wha

34、tdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraisespeoplesconfidence.C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ConversationCountsB.WaysofMakingSmallTalkC.BenefitsofSmallTalkD.UncomfortableSilence第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短

35、文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhate

36、verisaheadofyoufortheday.37Yourmetabolism（新陈代谢）getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie卡路里）burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismorediffic

37、ulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyi

38、nthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.Afteryouexercise,youcontinue

39、toburncaloriesthroughouttheday.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryouredoingitnow,thenlistenup!第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Twoweeksearlier.myson.Ben,hadgotintouch,hedmovedtoEnglandwithhismumwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceId

40、41seenhim.Soimaginemy42whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.Iwas43!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto44.Thebaywasinsunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.Gettingalittle.Irealizedonekayak（皮划艇）wasin47.“Somethingsnot48!”ItookoffmyT-shirtand49intothewater.Isawtherewe

41、retwoinstructorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewas50violently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstructors.Ihelped5.1theyoungmanoutofthewater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something52tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53.“Whatshisname?Iaskedtheinstructor.“Ben,hereplied,andimmediatelyI54.Thatstrangerwasm

42、yson!Theinstructorscalledforanambulance.55,afterabriefstayinhospital,Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto56andlaterthefamilymetupfordinner.WechattedabouteverythingandthenBen.57tome.“Ijustwanttosaythankyou,hesaid,“You58mylife!Istillcantbelievewhata59itwas.ImjustsogladIwasthere60tohelpmyson.41.A.alsoB.oftenC

43、.evenD.last42.A.delightB.reliefC.angerD.worry43.A.scaredB.shockedC.thrilledD.ashamed44.A.talkB.stayC.meetD.settle45.A.bathedB.cleanC.deepD.formed46.A.fasterB.closerC.heavierD.wiser47.A.troubleB.advanceC.questionD.battle48.A.realB.rightC.fairD.fit49.A.staredB.sankC.divedD.fell50.A.arguingB.fightingC.

44、shoutingD.shaking51.A.leadB.persuadeC.carryD.keep52.A.happenedB.occurredC.appliedD.appealed53.A.sharpB.pleasantC.attractiveD.familiar54.A.agreedB.hesitatedC.doubtedD.knew55.A.FortunatelyB.FranklyC.SadlyD.Suddenly56.A.returnB.relaxC.speakD.leave57.A.jokedB.turnedC.listenedD.pointed58.A.createdB.honor

45、edC.savedD.guided59.A.coincidenceB.changeC.pityD.pain60.A.onboardB.intimeC.forsureD.onpurpose第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DietshavechangedinChinaandsotoohasitstopcrop.Since201l,thecountry61(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62past25years,whil

46、ericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcornsrise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65riceandcreateslessfertilizer（化月巴）runoff.Thisswi

47、tchhasdecreased66（pollute）inthecountrysmajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67（globe）fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005whenthegovernment68（start）asoil-testingprogram69givesspecifi

48、cfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission（排放）of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.Chinasapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70（feed）itscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.saysthebanksJuergenVoegele.第四部分写

49、作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分。WhenIwaslittle,Fridaysnightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupper,wewouldplayca