供配电系统-外文翻译

1、外文资料翻译PowerSupplyandDistributionSystemABSTRACT:Thebasicfunctionoftheelectricpowersystemistotransporttheelectricpowertowardscustomers.Thel0kVelectricdistributionnetisakeypointthatconnectsthepowersupplywiththeelectricityusingontheindustry,businessanddaily-life.Fortheelectricpower,allcostumersexpecttop

2、aythelowestpriceforthehighestreliability,butdontconsiderthatitsself-contradictoryintheco-existenceofeconomyandreliable.Toimprovethereliabilityofthepowersupplynetwork,wemustincreasetheinvestmentcostofthenetworkconstructionBut,ifthecostthatimprovethereliabilityofthenetworkconstruction,buttheinvestment

3、onthiskindofconstructionwouldbeworthlessifthereducinglossisonthepower-offislessthantheincreasinginvestmentonimprovingthereliability.Thuswefindoutabalancepointtomakethemosteconomic,betweentheinvestmentandthelossbycalculatingtheinvestmentonpowernetandthelossbroughtfompower-off.KEYWORDS:powersupplyandd

4、istribution,powerdistributionreliability，reactivecompensation,loaddistributionTherevolutionofelectricpowersystemhasbroughtanewbigroundconstruction,whichispushingthegreaterrevolutionofelectricpowertechniquealongwiththeapplicationofnewtechniqueandadvancedequipment.Especially,thecombinationoftheinforma

5、tiontechniqueandelectricpowertechnique,togreatextent,hasimprovedreliabilityonelectricqualityandelectricsupply.Thetechnicaldevelopmentdecreasesthecostonelectricconstructionanddrivesinnovationofelectricnetwork.Onthebasisofnationalandinternatio-naladvancedelectricknowledge,thedissertationintroducesther

6、esearchhotspotforpresentelectricpowersy-etemasfollowing.Firstly,Thisdissertationintroducesthebuildingconditionofdistributionautomation(DA),andbringsforwardtwotypicalconstructionmodesonDAconstruction,integrativemodeandfissionmode.ItemphasizetheDAstructureundertheconditionofthefissionmodeandpresentsth

7、esystemconfiguration,themainstationscheme,thefeederscheme,theoptimizedcommunicationschemeetc.,whichisforDAresearchreference.Secondly,asforthe(DA)troublemeasurement,position,isolationandresume,Thisdissertationanalyzesthechangesofpressureandcurrentforlineproblem,getsmathequationbyeducingphaseshortcirc

8、uitandproblempositionundertheconditionofsingle-phaseandworksoutequationandseveralparametersU&,sI&andeI&tableonproblem.Itbringsoutoptimizedisolationandresumeplan,realizesautoisolationandnetworkreconstruction,reducesthepoweroffrangeandtimeandimprovesthereliabilityofelectricpowersupplythroughproblemsel

9、f-diagnosesandself-analysis.Italsointroducessoftwareflowanduseforproblemjudgementandsetsamodelonnetworkreconstructionandcomputerflow.Thirdly,electricitysystemstateisestimatedtobeoneofthekeytechniquesinDArealization.Thedissertationrecommendstheresolventofbadmeasurementdataandstructuremistakeonthegrou

10、ndofdescribingstateestimateway.Italsoadvancesapracticaltestandjudgingwayontopologymistakeinstateestimateaboutbaddatatestandabnormityinstateestimateaswellastheproblemandeffectonbaddatafromstatemeasuretostateestimate.Asforrealtimemonitorandcontrolproblem,thedissertationintroducesanewwaytosolvethembyel

11、ectricitybreakandexceptionalanalysis,andthewayhasbeentestedinWeifangDA.Fourthly,aboutthedifficultyforbuildingthemodelofloadforecasting,bigparameterscatterlimitandsomethingconcerned,thedissertationintroducessomeparameters,eg.weatherfactor,datetypeandsocialenvironmenteffectbasedonanalysisofroutineload

12、forecastingandmeans.Itpresentsthewayforelectricityloadforecastingfoundedonneuralnetwork(ANN),whichhasbeentesteditsvaliditybyexampleandmadetobegoodpracticaleffect.Fifthly,concerningthelackofconcordantwaveonpreventingconcordantwaveandnon-powercompensationandnon-continuityoncompensation,thereisatopolog

13、ystructureofPWMmaincircuitandnonpowertheoryonactivefilterthewavestechniqueandbuildsflatproofonthegroundofSaberDesignerandprovestobepractical.Meanwhile,itanalyzesanddesignsthewayofnon-powerneedofelectricnetworktre-ndsanddecreasinglinelosscombinedwithDA,whichhavebeentesteditsobjectiveeconomicbenefitth

14、rou-ghcountingexample.Sixthly,notonlydothedissertationdesignawayfoundedonthemagrginalelectricpricefittedtoourpresentnationalelectricpowermarketwithregardstofuturetrendsofelectricpowermarketinChinaandfairtradeunderthegovernmentsurveillance,thatisgroupcompetitioninshort-termtradeunderthewayofgroupedpr

15、iceandquantityharmony,butalsoputsforwardcombinationarithmetic,mathmodeloftradingplanandsaftyeconomicalrestriction.Itcansolvetheoriginalcontradictionbetweenmediumandlongtermcontractpriceandshorttermcompetitivepricewithimprovementoncompetitivepercentageandcutdowntheunfairincomedifferenceofelectricfact

16、ory,atthesametime,itcanoptimizetheelectriclimitforallelectricfactoriesandreducethetotalpurchasechargeofelectricpowerfromburthencurveofwholeelectricmarketnetwork.Thedistributionnetworkisanimportantlinkamongthepowersystem.Itsneutralgroundingmodeandoperationconnectssecurityandstabilityofthepowersystemd

17、irectly.Atthesametime,theproblemaboutneutralgroundingisassociatedwithnationalconditions,naturalenvironment,devicefabricationandoperation.Forexample,theactivitysituationofthethunderandlightning,insulatingstructureandtheperipheralinterferencewillinfluencethechoiceofneutralgroundingmodeConversely,neutr

18、algroundingmodeaffectsdesign,operation,debugsanddeveloping.Generallyinthesystemhigheringradeinthevoltage,theinsulatingexpensesaccountformoresizableproportionatthetotalpriceoftheequipment.Itisveryremarkabletobringtheeconomicbenefitsbyreducingtheinsulatinglevel.Usuallysuchsystemadopttheneutraldirectly

19、groundingandadopttheautoreclosingtoguaranteepowersupplyreliability.Onthecontrary,thesystemwhichislowerinthevoltageadoptsneutralnonegroundingtoraisepowersupplyreliability.Soitisanimportantsubjecttomakeuseofnew-typeearthdevicetoapplytothedistributionnetworkunderconsideringthesituationinsuchfactorsofva

20、riousfieldsaspowersupplyreliability,safetyfactor,over-voltagefactor,thechoiceofrelayprotection,investmentcost,etc.Themainworkofthispaperistoresearchandchoicetheneutralgroundingmodeofthel0kVdistributionnetwork.Theneutralgroundingmodeofthel0kVnetworkmainlyadoptsnonegrounding,groundingbyarcsuppressingc

21、oil,groundingbyreactancegroundinganddirectlygrounding.Thebestgroundingmodeisconfirmedthroughthetechnologycomparison.Itcanhelpthenetworkruninsafetyandlimittheearthelectricarcbyusingauto-trackingcompensatedeviceandusingthelineprotectionwiththedetectionofthesensitivesmallgroundcurrent.Thepaperintroduce

22、sandanalyzesthecharacteristicofallkindofgroundingmodesaboutl0kVnetworkatfirst.Withthecomparisonwithtechnologicalandeconomy,theconclusionisdrawnthattheimprovedarcsuppressingcoilgroundingmodeshowsaverybigdevelopmentpotential.Then,thispaperresearchesandintroducessomeoperationcharacteristicsofthearcsupp

23、ressingcoilgroundingmodeofthel0kVdistributionnetwork.Andthenthepaperputemphasisonhowtoextinguishtheearthelectricarceffectivelybyutilizingtheresonanceprinciple.Thispapercombinesthedevelopmentofdomesticandinternationaltechnologyandinnovativeachievement,andintroducesthecomputerearthprotectionandautotra

24、ckingcompensatedevice.Itprovesthattheimprovedarcsuppressingcoilgroundingmodehavebetteroperationcharacteristicsinpowersupplyreliability,personalsecurity,securityofequipmentandinterferenceofcommunication.Theapplicationofthearcsuppressingcoilgroundingmodeisalsoresearchedinthispaper.Finally,thepapersumm

25、arizesthistopicresearch.Asaresultofthedominationofthearcsuppressingcoilgroundingmode,itshouldbemorepopularizedandappliedinthedistributionnetworkinthefuture.Thewayofthinking,projectandconclusionsinthisthesishaveeffectontheresearchtochoosetheneutralgroundingmodenotonlyinI0kVdistributionnetworkbutalsoi

26、notherpowersystem.Thebasicfunctionoftheelectricpowersystemistotransporttheelectricpowertowardscustomers.Thel0kVelectricdistributionnetisakeypointthatconnectsthepowersupplywiththeelectricityusingontheindustry,businessanddaily-life.Fortheelectricpower,allcostumersexpecttopaythelowestpriceforthehighest

27、reliability,butdontconsiderthatitsself-contradictoryintheco-existenceofeconomyandreliable.Toimprovethereliabilityofthepowersupplynetwork,wemustincreasetheinvestmentcostofthenetworkcon-structionBut,ifthecostthatimprovethereliabilityofthenetworkconstruction,buttheinvestmentonthiskindofconstructionwoul

28、dbeworthlessifthereducinglossisonthepower-offislessthantheincreasinginvestmentonimprovingthereliability.Thuswefindoutabalancepointtomakethemosteconomic,betweentheinvestmentandthelossbycalculatingtheinvestmentonpowernetandthelossbroughtfrompower-off.Thethesisanalysesontheeconomicandthereliableoftheva

29、riouslinemodes,accordingtothecharacteristicsvariouslinemodesexistedintheelectricdistributionnetinfoshan.First,thethesisintroducesasthedifferentlinemodesinthel0kVelectricdistributionnetandinsomeforeigncountries.Makingitcleartowtoconductanalyzingonthelinemodeoftheelectricdistributionnet,andtellingusho

30、wimportantandnecessarythatanalysesare.Second,itturnstothenecessityofcalculatingthenumberofoptimizationsubsection,elaboratinghowitinfluencesontheeconomyandreliability.Thenbybuildingupthecalculationmodeofthenumberofoptimizationsubsectionitintroducesdifferentpowersupplyprojectsonthedifferentlinemodesin

31、brief.Third,itcarriesonthecalculationandanalysestowardsthereliabilityandeconomyofthedifferentlinemodesofelectricdistributionnet,describingdraftsaccordingbythecalculation.Thenitmakesanalysisanddiscussiononthenumberofoptimizationsubsection.Atlast,thearticlemakeconclusionontheeconomyandreliabilityofdif

32、ferentlinemodes,aswellas,itsapplicationsituation.Accordiontotheactualcircumstance,thethesisputsforwardthebeneficialsuggestionontheprogrammingandconstructionofthel0kVelectricdistributionnetinallareasinfoshan.ProvidingthebasictheoriesandbeneficialguidelinefortheprogrammingdesignofthelOkVelectricdistri

33、butionnetandbuildingupasolidnet,reasonablelayout,qualifiedsafeandefficiently-workedelectricdistributionnet.ReferencesWenchengSu.FactoriespowersupplyM.MachineryIndustryPublishingHouse.1999.9JiecaiLiu.FactoriespowersupplydesignguidanceM.MachineryIndustryPublishingHouse.1999.12Powersupplyanddistributio

34、nsystemdesignspecificationsS.ChinaplansPress.1996Low-voltagedistributiondesignspecificationsS.ChinaplansPress.1996.6供配电系统摘要：电力系统的基本功能是向用户输送电能。lOkV配电网是连接供电电源与工业、商业及生活用电的枢纽，其网络庞大及复杂。对于所有用户都期望以最低的价格买到具有高度可靠性的电能。然而，经济性与可靠性这两个因素是互相矛盾的。要提高供电网络的可靠性就必须增加网络建设投资成本。但是，如果提高可靠性使用户停电损失的降低小于用于提高可靠性所增加的投资，那么这种建设投资就

35、没有价值了。通过计算电网的投资和用户停电的损失，最终可找到一个平衡点，使投资和损失的综合经济性最优。关键词：供配电，供电可靠性，无功补偿，负荷分配引言电力体制的改革引发了新一轮大规模的电力建设热潮从而极大地推动了电力技术革命新技术新设备的开发与应用日新月异特别是信息技术与电力技术的结合在很大程度上提高了电能质量和电力供应的可靠性由于技术的发展又降低了电力建设的成本进而推动了电网设备的更新换代本文就是以此为契机以国内外配电自动化中一些前沿问题为内容以配电自动化建设为背景对当前电力系统的热点技术进行一些较深入的探讨和研究主要完成了如下工作。提出了配电自动化建设的两个典型模式即体化模式和分立化模式侧

36、重分析了分立模式下的配电自动化系统体系结构给出了软硬件配置主站选择管理模式最佳通讯方式等是本文研究的前提和实现平台。针对配电自动化中故障测量定位与隔离以及供电恢复这一关键问题分析了线路故障中电压电流等电量的变化导出了相间短路工况下故障定位的数学描述方程并给出了方程的解以及故障情况下几个重要参数sU&sI&eI&选择表通过对故障的自动诊断与分析得出了优化的隔离和恢复供电方案自动实现故障快速隔离与网络重构减少了用户停电范围和时间有效提高配网供电可靠性文中还给出了故障分段判断以及网络快速重构的软件流程和使用方法。状态估计是实现配电自动化中关键技术之一本文在阐述状态估计方法基础上给出了不良测量数据的识

37、别和结构性错误的识别方法针对状态估计中数据对基于残差的坏数据检测和异常以及状态量中坏数据对状态估计的影响及存在的问题提出了状态估计中拓扑错误的一种实用化检测和辩识方法针对窃电漏计电费问题独创性提出一种通过电量突变和异常分析防止窃电的新方法并在潍坊城区配电得到验证。针对配电网负荷预测建模困难参数离散度大以及相关因素多等问题本文在分析常规负荷预测模型及方法基础上引入了气象因素日期类型社会环境影响等参数给出了基于神经网络的电力负荷预测方法实例验证了方法的正确性。针对无源滤波在抑制谐波和无功补偿方面的不足以及补偿度的不连续性本文提出了一种PWM主电路拓朴结构和基于无功功率理论的有源滤波方案建立了基于S

38、aberDesigner仿真平台仿真分析证明了方案的可行性同时结合配电自动化技术对配电网动态无功优化补偿和降低线损的方法进行了设计分析通过实例计算验证了其客观的经济效益。针对中国电力市场未来的发展趋势以及政府监管下的电力市场公平交易设计了一种适合我国电力市场现状按照电价分组电量协调分组竞价的短期电力交易模式给出了基于边际电价的机组组合算法制订交易计划的数学模型以及安全经济约束等在竞争比例逐步提高的情况下能够较好地解决原有中长期合同电价和短期竞争电价的矛盾减少电厂不公平的收益差异同时也可在电力市场全网的负荷曲线上对所有电厂进行限量优化减少总的系统购电费用。配电网是电力系统中的一个重要环节，配电网

39、接地方式和安全运行直接关系到电力系统的安全和稳定。而接地方式的选择，是与本国国情、自然环境、设备制造和运行水平等有关的，例如，雷电的活动情况、绝缘结构的设计、对周边的干扰等因素，都会影响中性点接地方式的选择;反过来，中性点接地方式对电力系统的设计、运行、调试以及发展都有很大影响。一般在电压等级较高的系统中，绝缘费用在设备总价格中占相当大的比重，降低绝缘水平带来的经济效益很显著，通常就采用中性点直接接地的方式，而采用自动重合闸来保证供电可靠性:相反，在电压等级较低的系统中，通常都采用中性点不接地的方式来提高供电可靠性。因此，在综合考虑供电可靠性、安全因素、过电压因素、继电保护的选择、投资费用等各

40、方面因素的情况下，来论证正确选择配电网接地方式的重要性，以及如何不断开发，利用新型接地装置来应用在配电网接地系统中是当今配电网接地方式的一个重要课题。本文主要工作是对lOkV配电网接地方式进行研究和比较选择。分别论述各类接地方式的优缺点，主要有国内外比较常用的中性点不接地方式、中性点经消弧线圈接地方式（也称谐振接地方式）、中性点电阻接地方式、中性点直接接地方式。通过技术比较确定最优接地方式，还利用一种近几年研究开发的，应用在谐振接地方式中的自动跟踪补偿装置，再配以灵敏的小电流接地选线保护，能够有效限制电网的故障接地电弧，更有利于电网的安全运行。本文首先对配电网各类接地方式做深入的研究。全面介绍国内外几种常用的中性点接地方式的运行特性，通过技术经济比较对不同的接地方式