高中英语必修Ⅱ重点单词短语和句型归纳Unit1Culturalrelics

1、高中英语必修重点单词、短语和句型Unit 1 Cultural relics 重点单词和短语1. in search of 查找、搜寻 in the/ones search for 查找,搜寻 search for= look for 搜寻 search . for 为了找 , 而搜查 ,2. could never have imagined 绝不行能想到“ 情态动词 +have done”may/might have done 过去可能做过表估计 must have done 过去肯定做过表懊悔、need t have done 过去本没有必要做（实际上做了）批评、遗 should/oug

2、ht to have done 过去本应当做（实际上未做）憾等语气 shouldnt/oughtn t to have done 过去本不该做（实际上做了）3. select vt.选择,选择；选择select sb. to do sth. 选择某人做某事 select . as选择 , 作为 , select . from 从 , 中选出 , 4. design n. & vt. 设计,图案,构思；方案make designs for 为 , 设计 to do 目的是做 in design 在设计上 be designed for 专为 , 而设计的 by design=on purpose

3、 有意地 as 准备当做5. fancy adj. 奇特的,异样的；时髦的 vt. 想象,设想；爱好,宠爱 fancy ones doing sth. 想象（某人）做某事Fancy meeting so many television actiors. 竟然能见到那么多电视演员！n. 宠爱,想要 take a fancy to 宠爱上；爱上6. decorate vt. 装饰；装修,装潢 decorate . with . 用 , 装饰 , 7. in return for 1作为（对 , 的）回报 /报答（ =in reward for ）If you give me your photo,

4、 I ll give you mine in return. 你如送我一张照片,我便回赠一张给你；He didn t expect anything in return for his help. 他帮忙人并不期望任何回报；2作为回应 I asked his opinion, but he just asked me a question in return. 我征求他的看法,他却只是反问了我一个问题；【辨析】 in return 和 in turn 易混词组 辨析 例句He has given me so much help that I in return 表示“ 作为回报 （报答）” ；

5、作为回应 really want to do something for him in return. 他给了我很多帮忙, 所以 真的想为他做些什么作为报答；Interest rates were cut and, in turn, 表示“ 相应地；转而,反之,share prices rose.利率下调, 股价就in turn 反过来”表示 “ 依次, 逐个轮 相应地上涨了；流”The kids came out of the room in turn.孩子们依次走出房间；8. have/get sth. done 本结构可表示两种意义 1使某事被做（主语有意识的行为,可能是主语自己做的,也

6、可能是让别人做）I must have my homework done before going to bed. 1 上床睡觉前我必需做完作业；（由自己完成）He had/got his hair cut yesterday. 他昨天理发了； （由别人完成）2遭受 /经受某种不幸的事（此事违反主语的意愿）She had all her jewellery stolen. 她全部的珠宝都被偷了；【拓展】have/let/make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 have/get sb. Doing 让某人始终做某事 9. at war 处

7、于交战状态“ at + n.” 表示一种状态或连续的活动：at peace处于和平状态 at church 在做礼拜 at rest 在休息 at breakfast/lunch/supper 在吃早 /午/晚饭 at table 在吃饭 at sea在航海at work 在上班 at school 在上学【链接】介词 in,under 和 on 都可以与名词连用,表示一种状态或连续的活动,此时名词前一 般不加冠词；in trouble 处于困境（困难）中 on sale 上市,出售in danger 在危急中 on holiday 在度假,在休假中 under discussion 在争论中

8、 on fire 着火,失火 under repairz 在修理中 on duty 值班10. remove vt. 1 移走；移开；移动；搬开 from 从 , 搬走某物 remove sth. to 把某物搬到 ,into/out 把某物搬入 /搬出 2 除掉；清除（ =get rid of ）You d better perform well to remove his doubt. 你最好好好表现来打消他的疑虑；3 脱下（衣服等） （ =take off ）；摘下 I recognized him after he removed his dark glasses. 4 把 , 开除；

9、开除 remove sb. from 某人被免 , 职 11. less than少于,小于（某一数目或数量）短语 符号 意义less than 少于not less than 不少于,至于no less than 和 , 一样,多达（强调多）more than 多于；不仅仅not more than 不多于,不超过,至多no more than 仅仅（强调少）【辨析】 no less than 与 not less than 易混词组 辨析 例句“ 多达” （强调数量之多, 相当于 as much He has no less than 1 million no less than as）d

10、ollars. 他的钱多达 元；100 万美not less than “ 至少” （强调下限,相当于 at least）He has not less than 1,000 dollars. 他至少有 1000 美元；12. doubt n. & v. 1 n. 怀疑,疑问 There is no doubt that . 毫无疑问 , There is no doubt about/of . There is some doubt whether . 对 , 持有疑问【拓展】 in doubt 不愿定；没把握 without/no/beyond doubt 无疑地；的确 2 v. 怀疑；不

11、信任2 doubt whether/if . 怀疑是否 ,I don t doubt that . 我确信 , 13. worth prep. & n. 值得的；相当于 , 的价值的 be worth doing 值得做be worth + 钱数 值 , 钱 be worth + n. 值得 ,【辨析】 worth, worthy 与 worthwhile 易混词 搭配 例句cosideration. worth be worth + n. /doing The matter is worth cosidering. of being done consideration. worthy be

12、 worthy to be done of sth. The matter is worthy of being considered. to be considered. to consider worthwhile It s worthwhile to do/doing sth. It is worthwhile considering the matter. 【留意】 worth 后接动名词时,用主动形式表示被动含义；worth 不能用 very 修饰,但可以用 well 修饰；除作表语外,worth 仍可作后置定语；West Lake is a place worth seeing.

13、西湖是个值得一看的地方；14. evidence n. 证据,依据；证明 There is evidence that . 有证据说明 ,15. rather than 1 而不是 I decided to write rather than telephone. 我打算写信而不是打电话；2 与其 , 倒不如 , ；宁愿 , 而不愿 , He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员,倒不如说他是一个探险者；Rather than cause trouble, he left. 他不情愿惹麻烦,宁可离去；【拓展】prefer to do st

14、h. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事也不愿做某事 would rather do sth. than do sth. /would do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事也不愿做某事or rather 更准确地说【留意】rather than 有时相当于介词,有时起连词作用,其连接的两个成分的词性应当一样；rather than 连接两个不定式时,后一个常省略 to,但 rather than 位于句首时,常跟不带 to 的不定式；rather than 连接两个主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的主语在人称和数上保持一样,相同用法的

15、仍有：as well as,together with ,with ,besides 等；16. think highly of 高度评判,认为 , 不错；重视；看重【拓展】think much/well of 重视 /看重 /称赞 think ill/poorly/badly/little of 认为 , 不好 think nothing of 轻视；认为 , 无所谓speak highly of 高度评判 /颂扬 speak well/ill of 说 , 的好 /坏话 17. debate n. & v. 1 n. 辩论；争辩；争论under debate 在辩论 /争论中 a heat

16、ed/lively debate 一场猛烈的争辩 beyond/without debate 无可争辩2 v. 尤指正式 争论,辩论 sth. with sb. 同某人辩论 /争论某事3 debate wh- to do sth. 争论 , 做某事on sth. 争论某事【辨析】 debate与 argue debate 侧重“ 双方各抒己见”argue 侧重“ 说理” 、“ 论证”说服某人做 /不做某事；重点句子,内含“ 交锋” 的意思；和“ 妄想说服” ；常用结构： argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 1. Frederick William , the ki

17、ng of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普鲁士国王腓特烈 .威廉一世绝不 可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊奇的历史；2. However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William , to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. 然而,下一位普鲁士国王,腓特烈 .

18、威廉一世,这个琥珀屋的主人却打算不要它了；3. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. 作为回赠,沙皇就送给他一队自己最好的士兵；4. Later, Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. 后来,叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中；5. In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted. 17

19、70 年,这间琥珀屋依据她的要求完成了；6. In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven wooden boxes. 在不到两天的时间里,10 万个部件被装进了 27 个木箱；7. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for K.nigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea. 毫无疑问,这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡,当时德国在波罗的海海边的

20、一个城市；8. In groups discuss: Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing. 分组争论：重建遗失的文化遗产,如琥珀屋或北京的圆明园是值得的吗？9. An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. 看法是人们信任是真实的,但是未经证明；10. I think highly of those who are searching for the A

21、mber Room. 我很观赏那些查找琥珀屋的人；11. Nor do I think they should give it to any government. 我也认为他们不应当把它交给任何政府；Unit 2 The Olympic Games 重点单词和短语1. compete vi. 竞赛；竞争 compete in 参与 , 竞赛 compete with/against 与 , 竞争 compete for 为 , 而竞争2. stand for 1代表；象征； （指缩写或符号）是 , 的意思；表示 2容忍,忍耐（用于否定句中）3支持,主见【链接】stand doing sth.

22、 忍耐（做）某事stand by 袖手旁观,站在 , 一边 stand out 惹眼,引人注目 stand up for 为 , 而站起来,支持,爱护stand on one s own feet 独立 3. volunteer 1 n. 理想者；理想兵 2 vt. & vi. 自愿（做）volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 volunteer for sth. 4 4. on a regular basis 有规律地；定期地【辨析】 regular, normal 与 ordinary 易混词 辨析 例句“ 定期的,规章的”,指已有模式有定律的 You d better ta

23、ke regular regular 或定期的 exercise. 你 最 好 定 期 做 运 动；“ 正常,标准的”,指不超过某种限度、符 The doctor said the child s normal 合某种标准或常规；return to normal 复原正 temperature was normal.医生 常 说孩子的体温正常；“ 一般的, 平常的” ,强调一般性和一般性,He preferred to be treated as ordinary 含不突出的意味；ordinary people 一般人 an ordinary worker. 他宁愿被 当成一般工人看待；on

24、the basis of 以 , 为基础 5. admit 1 答应进入；让 , 进入admit sb. To/into 答应某人进入 , ；吸引某人为 , 的成员be admitted as 作为 , 被接受（后接表示成员的名词）2 容纳（相当于 hold, seat）3 承认；供认 admit to sth. 承认某事 admit to doing sth. 承认做过某事admit +that-clause 承认 , admit . To be + adj./n. 承认 , 是 , 6. responsibility n. 责任,职责a sense of responsibility 责任

25、感 take responsibility for 对 , 负责任 take on the responsibility 承担责任claim responsibility for 声称对 , 负责 7. as much +不行数名词 +as 和 , （程度上）是一样的 It is as much your responsibily as mine. 这件事你和我一样都有责任；【拓展】1 as much +不行数名词 /an +可数名词单数 +as . “ 和 , （程度上）是一样的（much 表程度）”It is generally believed that teaching is as m

26、uch an art as a science. 一般认为,教学既是一门艺术,也是一门科学；2 否定式： not as/so much . as与其说是 , 不如说是 , He is not as much an actor as a TV host. 与其说他是演员,不如说他是电视节目主持人；8. replace vt. 代替,取代；替换 replace . with/by 以 , 代替 /替换 ,take the place of=take one s place 替代,取代【留意】take the place of, in place of, instead of 均可表示“ 代替” ,

27、但 take the place of 为动词短语,而 in place of 与 instead of 为介词短语；9. charge 1 n. 主管；费用take charge of 负责,接管 in charge of 主管,掌管 in the charge of=in one s charge 被掌管,由 , 负责 charge for , 的收费free of charge 免费 2 vt.收费,要价；指控,控告；起诉；指责,声讨 charge sb. some money for sth. 因某事而向某人收 , 钱charge sb. with doing sth. 指控（控告、指

28、责）某人（做了）某事 10. advertise v. 为 , 做广告；登广告5 advertise for 为征求 , 登广告advertisement n. 广告 11. gargain n. & vi. 1 n. 协议；交易make a bargain with sb. About sth. 与某人就某事达成协议 2 n. 廉价货 a good/bad bargain 交易合算 /不合算a real bargain 真廉价；廉价货 3 vi. 与某人就某事 讨价仍价,讲条件 Bargain with sb. Over/about/for sth. 就某物与某人讨价仍价 12. pick

29、up 1 捡起；捡起 He picked up his hat and went away. 他捡起帽子,走开了；2 学会,获得（尤指偶然或无意中）She picked up French when she was in Paris. 在巴黎时,她学会了法语；3 用车 去接 The bus stopped to pick up the passengers. 公共汽车停下来搭载乘客；4 复原（健康、精神） ；好转 A bite of something might pick you up. 吃一点东西或许能使你振作起来；Business will pick up before summer.

30、夏天来到之前,生意将会好转；5 接收 I picked up Radip Beijing last night. 昨晚我收听到了北京广播电台；6 使增加；加快The car is picking up speed. 汽车加速了；13. one after another 一个接一个地；间续地【辨析】 one after another 与 one by one 易混词组 辨析 例句The guests came out one after one after another 一个接一个地（强调连续性）another. 客人们一个接一个 地来了；one by one 一个一个地（强调一次一个）D

31、o these exercises one by one. 一道一道地做这些练习题；14. deserve v.（不用于进行时态）值得；应得；应受（报答或惩处）to do 值得做 , ,应当做 , deserv doing/to be done 值得被做 ,重点句子1. Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors. 只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参与奥运会；2. Theres as much competition among

32、 countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals. 国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运会奖牌一样猛烈；3. It s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports. 跑步、游泳、划船和全部团体项目是在夏季奥运会上进行的；Unit 3 Computers重点单词和短语1. It took + 一段时间 + before +从句 过了一段时间后才【拓

33、展】It will not be + 时间段 + before + 从句（现在时）要过一段时间后才 , （用不了一段时间就 , ）It was not be + 时间段 + before + 从句（过去时）过了一段时间后才 , （每过一段时间就 , ）It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. It was a long time before I understood what he did. 6 ,仍有半年你才从这所学校毕业；很长一段时间后我才懂得他所做的事情；2. solve vt. 解决；解答【辨析】 solv

34、e 与 settle 易混词 辨析 例子a mystery/puzzle/problem solve “ 解决” ,侧重给出问题的答案 solve difficulties 解决困难 解决谜团 /字谜 /问题“ 解决” ,其对象通常是某 a matter/quarrel 解决事情 /争执settle 种争端 settle an argument/issue 解决争辩 /问题【单词积存】solution n. 解决,解答 solution to the problem 3. reality n. U 现实；真实； C 事实；实际经受；见过的事物 face/accept reality 面对 /接

35、受现实out of touch with reality 脱离现实 with reality 真实地；逼真地 in reality 实际上bring . Back to reality 使 , 面对现实,不再抱有幻想 become a reality 变成现实 4. go by（时间）逝去,过去；走过,经过；（机会等）轻易错过 5. as a result 因此,结果result from 由 , 引起；起因于 result in 导致,造成 6. application n. 应用；用途；申请；恳求make an application to sb. for 向某人 申请 ,an appli

36、cation form 申请表【拓展】apply v. 应用；申请 apply . to . 把 , 应用到 ,apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于 apply for 申请 apply to . for . 向 , 申请 , 7. anyhow adv. （ 1）（转换话题、终止谈话或回到原话题时说）无论如何,反正 Anyhow I don t like it. 反正我宠爱它；（ 2）而且,加之,反正I don t want to go out and anyhow it is raining. 我不想出去,而且天又在下雨；（ 3）尽管,即使这样I am afraid we

37、can t come, but thanks for the invitation anyhow. 唯恐我们来不了,不过仍是感谢邀请；【留意】anyhow 作“ 无论如何；而且；即使如此” 讲时,可与 anyway 互换； somehow 表示“ 以 某种方式；不知怎么地”7. goal n. （ 1）目标；目的 set a goal 设定目标 achieve/realize/attain/reach a goal 实现目标（ 2）进球；得分；球门score a goal 得分（踢进一球）keep goal 守球门 8. of high quality 高质量的“ of + 修饰词（如 hig

38、h, great, little, some, no 等） +抽象名词” 结构除了用作定语,仍常 用作表语,相当于形容词的作用；如：be of great value = be very valuable be of great use = be very useful 7 be of great interest = be very interesting 9 give away 捐赠,赠送；分发,颁发；泄露,暴露 10. in a way = in one/some way 在某种程度上【链接】in the way/in one s way 挡道,碍事 in this/that way 以

39、这种 /那种方式 in any way 在任何方面by way of 经由 , in no way 绝不,一点儿也不（置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装）11. arise vi. arose, arisen 显现；发生,产生；引起；产生 arise from = result from 因 , 产生【辨析】 arise, rise 与 raise 易混词 词性 过去式、过去分词 词义 例句Most accidents arose from arise vi. arose, arisen 产生,发生；显现 carelessness. 大部分事故是由 疏忽大意引起的；The sun rises in

40、the east and rise vi. rose, risen 升起来,上升 sets in the west. 太阳东升西 落；She raised her head and stared raise vt. raised,raised 举起,使 , 上升 at them. 她抬起头盯着他们 看；12. make up 1 组成,构成（常与 of 连用,并用被动形式）Eleven players make up a football team. = A football team is made up of eleven players. 11 名运动员组成一个足球队；2 编造,虚构 I

41、 think they re making up the whole thing. 我认为整件事情是他们编出来的；3 化妆,装扮 She spent two hours making herself up before the party. 她在参与聚会前用了两个小时化妆；4 补偿（常与 for 连用）Hard work can make up for the lack of intelligence. 勤能补拙；13. after all 1 终究；归根结底（表示结果与预想的不同；常置于句尾）I m so sorry and I can t go with you after all. 对不

42、起,我终究仍是不能和你一起去；2 究竟,别忘了 说明或说明理由,常置于句首 It s not surprising the boy has got a stomachache. After all, he has eaten too much. 那个男孩胃痛并不令人惊奇,别忘了,他吃得太多了；14. watch over 看管,照料；看管,监视,保卫,爱护【链接】“ 照料” 的多种表达 take care of look after care for attend to see to 重点句子1. I developed very slowly and it took nearly two h

43、undred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. 我发育缓慢,差不多到了两百年之后,查尔斯巴比奇才将我制成了一台分析机；2. As time went by, I was made smaller. 随着时间的推移,我被弄得越来越小；3. Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 从 20 世纪 70 岁月起,我又被开发出了很多新的用途；4. Anyhow, my goal is to provide huma

44、ns with a life of high quality. 不管怎样,我的目标是给人类供应高质量的生活；5. The company has given its computers away to a local school. 该公司向当地一所学校捐赠了电脑；8 6. She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games. 她把观看人类竞赛时所看到的一切可能动作编入我们的程序；7. In this way I can make up new moves using my “

45、artificial intelligence ” . 这样,我就可以用我的“ 人工智能” 编制出新的动作；8. It should also watch over my naughty niece, who comes to my house very often. 它也应当看护我那调皮的外甥女,她常常到我家来；Unit 4 Wildlife protection 重点单词和短语1. decrease v. & n. 1 v. 降低,削减, （使）变小 /少 in 在 , 方面削减 from . to . 从 , 削减到 ,搭配： decrease to 削减到 , by 削减了 , 2 n

46、. 削减,削减的数量a/the decrease in sth. 某物的削减 on the decrease在削减【单词积存】increase 增加 2. die out 1灭亡,灭亡This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed. 因栖息地正受到破坏,这一物种已濒临灭亡；2（风俗、习惯）逐步消逝 Many old customs have died out because they are out of date. 由于已经过时,很多旧的风俗已经消逝；【辨析】 die out, die away,

47、 die off 与 die down 易混词组 辨析 例句（家族、物种等）死亡,灭亡；（风俗、Many old customs are die out 习惯）逐步消逝 gradually dying out. 很多旧 习俗正逐步消逝；die away （声音、光线、风等）逐步平静、渐弱（家族、种族等）相继灭亡；（草木）die off 先后枯死（火、兴奋程度）渐弱,渐息；（ =die die down away）（声音、光线等）变弱、消逝3. long to do sth. 希望做某事4. respond to sth. 对某事做出反应 /答复 /回复,回答 /应答 , respond to

48、. with （对 , ）报以 , ,回报 ,【拓展】reponse n. 回答,答复；反应 in response to 为 , 回答,响应 make a response to 回答,对 , 做出回应5. loss n. 缺失；遗失；丢失 suffer a loss of 蒙受（ , 的）缺失 make up for the loss 补偿缺失at a loss 不知所措,不知如何是好 be lost in thought 陷入深思 6. hunt v. & n. 1 打猎；猎取go hunting 去打猎 2 搜寻9 The wind had died away by dusk. 黄昏时

49、风正逐步减弱 了；The leaves of the tree are dying off. 树叶正相继枯死；The noise has died down. 喧 闹声逐步消逝了；=reply to/answer hunt for 搜寻,追寻,查找hunt sp. for 为查找 , 搜寻某地 be on the hunt for 正在查找,在寻求中【链接】“ 找,查找” 的多种表达法：hunt for, look for, search for, be in search of ；7. in peace = peacefully 和平地；和谐地；寂静地【链接】at peace 和平地；寂静地

50、（与 at war 相对）at peace/war with 与 , 处于和平 /交战状态 make peace with 与 , 讲和 /和解8. in danger of 在危急中；垂危 in danger 处于危急中,垂危 out of danger 脱离危急 9. in relief 如释重负；松了口气【拓展】relief n.（痛楚或担忧的）减轻或解除；减轻痛楚的事物 to one s relief 令某人感到欣慰的是with relief 宽慰地 give sb. some relief （略微）减轻某人的痛楚 10. burst into + n. 突然（进入某种状态） ；闯入b

51、urst in 闯入；突然显现；插嘴 burst out 突然 , 起来, , 突然发生【留意】burst into 后跟名词,而 burst out 后应跟 doing；burst into tears/laughter 突然哭 /笑起来 burst out crying/laughing 突然哭 /笑起来 11. mercy n. 慈爱,宽容,怜悯show mercy to sb. = show sb. mercy 怜悯、怜悯某人 have/take mercy on sb. 怜悯某人 beg for mercy 恳求宽恕without mercy 毫不留情地；残酷地 at the mer

52、cy of 任 , 处置；任由 , 摆布 It s a mercy that . 幸运的是 ,12. certain 1 某个；某些（作前置定语）She left him for a certain reason. 由于某种理由她离开了他；【留意】 a certain 表示“ 某一”,some 也可表示“ 某一”2 确定的,肯定（作表语,相当于 sure）to do sth. 肯定会做某事 be certain of/about doing sth. 对（做）某事有把握【拓展】make certain of/that . 搞清晰,弄明白 =make sure of/that for certa

53、in/sure 确定；无疑【留意】certain 可以用人作主语,也可用物作主语,仍可以用 it 作形式主语；sure 通常用人作主语,不能用在以 it 作形式主语的句子中；be sure to do sth. 祈使句中,一般不用 certain；13. protect . from/against 爱护 , 免受 , ；使 , 免受 , 14. contain vt. 1 包含；容纳；装有；含有2 抑制；掌握；克制（剧烈的情感）【辨析】 contain 与 include contain 指某物装在比其更大的物体内；include 指某物为整体的一部分或要素；The bottle conta

54、ins olives. 瓶子里装着橄榄；The meal includes steak. 这顿饭包括牛排；10 15. affect 1 影响 The global warming affected the amount of rainfall here. 全球变暖影响了这里的降雨量；2 使感动；激起（哀痛、愤慨、爱等心情）The students were deeply affected by the story. 同学们被那个故事深深地感动了；3（疾病）侵袭,感染 The disease is beginning to affect her eyesight. 疾病开头侵袭她的视力；【辨析

55、】 affect, effect 与 influence 易混词 词性 辨析 例句指产生的影响之大足以引起反应,着 The drought seriously affected affect vt. 重“ 影响”的动作；有时含有 “ 对, the harvest. 干旱严峻地影响 产生不利影响” 的意思 了收成；作名词时指“ 成效,作用”；作动词 This book effected a change in effect n.& v. 时指“ 产生,引起”my opinion. 这本书使我的看 法发生了变化；指通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、His writings have influence

56、d influence n.& v. 性格等产生不易觉察到的、潜移默化的影响 the lives of millions of people. 他的作品影响了千百万人的生活；16. pay attention to 留意,关注 pay much attention to 特别留意 pay more attention to 更多关注pay little/no attention to 很少 /不留意【拓展】draw/attract/catch/get/one s attention to 吸引某人对 , 的留意fix/focus one s attention on 将留意力集中于,用心于 d

57、evote ones attention to 用心致志于 17. appreciate v. 1 懂得；意识到；领悟 2 观赏,赏识；重视；鉴赏 3 感谢,感谢appreciate ones doing 感谢（某人）做某事 would appreciate it if/wh- 要是 , 将不胜感谢【留意】appreciate 后不接 to do 作宾语,但可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语；18. succeed v. 1 胜利 succeed in doing sth. 胜利地做某事2 接替；继任；继承 sb. as 接替某人（担任 , ）succeed + to sth. 继承某物 19. e

58、mploy vt. 雇佣；利用（时间、精力等）（=make use of）employ sb. To do sth. 雇用某人做某事employ oneself in doing sth. = be employed in doing sth. 忙于某事；从事某活动【辨析】 employ, hire 与 rent 易混词 辨析 例句指“ 长时间雇用”,宾语一般是人 He employed the girl as a typist. 他 employ 雇用那个女孩当了打字员；指短期、暂时或一次性 “ 雇用,租用” ,During the holidays they hired a boat hi

59、re 宾语可以是人,也可以是物 and went fishing. 假期中,他们租了 一条船去钓鱼；rent 指长时间出租、租用,通常用于房地 They rented a house from Mr. Smith.11 产,一般不用于人 他们租用了史密斯先生的一所房子；20. harm n. & vt. 损害；损害do harm to sb. / do sb. harm 损害某人【链接】do sb. good = do good to sb. 对某人有好处do sb. wrong = do wrong to sb. 冤枉某人 21. come into being =come into exi

60、stence 形成,（指事物、局面等的）产生【拓展】come into effect 生效 come into action 开头行动 come into power 当权,上台come into use 开头被使用 22. inspect vt. 检查；检验；视察；检阅【辨析】 inspect, examine 与 check 易混词 辨析 例句The captain wants to inspect inspect 强调上级对下级的视察、检查 your kit. 船长想要检查你的配 备；examine 指“ 观看、观看” 以明白情形；仍可指检查身体 Let me examine your