人教版八年级英语上册语法总结

1、-八年级上册语法点总结Unit1Howoftendoyouexercise? 1)Who:谁。做主语，用来指人 Whoistheboyunderthetree?2 Whom谁，做宾语，用来指人 Whomareyouwritingto?3)Whose 谁的，用来指所属关系，如果做定语，一般后接名词 Whosepenisthis?4)Which 哪个，哪些，用来指对人或物在一定 X 围之内进展选择Whichgrilswillinthesportsmeeting?WhichpenisLily 5)What 什么，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出 Whatcanyouseeinthepicture

2、?Whatareyoudoingnow? 1) When:何时，询问时间 Whenwillshecomeback? s? 4) How 如何，询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等 Howdoyouusuallygotoschool? 6) Howmany/much多少，询问数量 Howmanybirdsarethereinthetree? 8) Howlong 多长，多久，询问时间的长度或距离 HowlongwillyoustayinBeijing?9) Howoften 多长时间按一次，询问频率 Howoftendoyougotoseeyourgrandparents?10) Howsoon 多久

3、，询问时间 Howsoonwillyoucomeback? Unit2What sthematterwithyou?Grammar:1. 用 have 来描述身体不适 have/havegota+ 疾病名字；得了 ?病2. 情态动词 should, 情态动词 should,can,may,must 没有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形 Unit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?Grammar: 现在进展时表将来一般将来时表示将要做某事或方案打算做某事要用到句型“ Be:am,is,are.be+v.ing 是现在进展时的形式，但用于表示将来。用进展时表将来，常用于表示即将降

4、临的未来预定要做的事情，一般指个人方案要做的事。用于此情况的动词一般是表示位置转移的动词，如，go,come,leave,start,arrive,move 等。一肯定句中，构造为“ be+doing. Iamgoingshoppingthisafternoon.二否认句是在 be 之后加 not.I mnotgoingtoshoppingthisafternoon. Areyougoingshoppingthisafternoon? Yes,Iam/weare.No,I mnot./Wearen t. Whatareyoudoingforvacation?Whenishegoingcampi

5、ng?2021-8-5-Whoareyougoingtherewith?Whereisshegoing?Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?Grammar: How引导的特殊疑问句：是指以 How,howfar,howlong,howold,howmany,howmuch 等词开头的疑问句。Howdoeshegettoshool?-Hetakesthetraintogettoshool.Howlongdoesittaketowalk?-Ittakesabout35minutestowalk.Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?It sfourmilesf

6、rommyhometoschool.Howoldishenow?Sheistwelveyearsoldnow.Howmanystorybooksdoyouhave?Ihavefivestorybooks.Howmuchisthiscoat?Thiscoatis200yuan. Unit5Canyoucometomyparty?Grammar: 情态动词 can 及邀请句式及其问答 can 所不能表示的将 1. can 表“能力，意思是：能，会 Icanpalybasketball,butIcan tswim. 4. 表示允许，意思是可以能够 YoucanhavethebookwhenIhave

7、finishedit.5. 表示“惊讶、不相信等用于疑问句、否认句或感慨句中。意思是“会、可能。 二如何发出、承受和谢绝别人的邀请 Canyoucometo? Couldyoucometo ? Wouldyouliketocometo ? ? Doyouwanttocometo ? Sure.Certainly.OK.I dloveto. I msorry,Ican t.Ihaveto ? ?Idon tthinkIcan.Ihaveto ?Unit6I mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.Grammar: 形容词的比拟级规那么变化、不规那么变化课本 P93than 是比拟级中

8、最常见的标志词，意思是“比 reolderthanIam.Youareolderthanme. threetimesbiggerthan 比?大三倍 Unit7Howdoyoumakebananamilkshake?Grammar: 可数名词与不可数名词2021-8-5-一可数名词英语中的物质名词大体上可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词指物体的数量可数。其单数形式可在名词前加 twobananas,threetomatoes.Manymanyapplesafewstudentsfewbags 数名词 二不可1. 不可数名词指物体的数量不可数。不可数名词没有单复数之分，也不能在词前直接加冠词

9、a 或 an.表示不可数名词的数量时可在不可数名词前加相应的由量词构成的短语。如 apieceof ?acupof ? ateaspoonof ?abottleof ? 4. 既可以修饰不可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词的词有： Unit8Howwasyourschooltrip?Grammar:一般过去时：指在过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去意义的时间状语连用。 引导的时间状语从句。该时态在句中的表达是谓语动词用过去式。谓语 be 动词 was/were 否认：wasnt/weren t 特殊疑问句：疑问词 +was/were+ 主语 二行为动词句型当句中的动词为行为动词时，要

10、借助动词 did 构成一般疑问句和否认句肯定式：主语词过去式 Unit9Whenwasheborn?a Grammar: 一般过去时的特殊疑问句一般过去时的特殊疑问句的变法同一般现在时一样，不同之处在于须将 be 动词或助动词改为过去时态，即“特殊疑 一、以 when 引导的特殊疑问句，对某人的出生年月进展提问，句型是：Whenwas/were?born? ?was/werebornin+ 时间 二以 howlong 引导的特殊疑问句，对表示某一短时间的状语进展提问。句型是： HowlongdidCharlesSmithhiccup?Hehiccuppedfor69yearsand5month

11、s. Unit10I mgoingtobeabasketballplayer.Grammar: 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 1.begoingto+ 动词原形 WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday?2.will/shall+ 动词原形 Iwillgotomyhometownnextweek.3.be+v.ingTheGreensaremovingtoanothercitythedayaftertomorrow.2021-8-5-4.be+ 动词不定式 Youaretobebackby10

12、o clock.5.be+about+ 动词不定式 Themeetingisabouttobegin.Unit11Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?Grammar: 情态动词情态动词，表示说话者对某一动作的看法和态度，包括可能、疑心、允许、愿望、必要、猜想等。 Hecantanswerthequestion.Youmustn tbelate. -Canyoudrive? Sorry,Ican t.Itcan tbetrue.(5)can 也可表示请求与邀请Canyoupleasesweepthefloor?Unit12What sthebestradiostation?G

13、rammar:形容词 / 副词的最高级，用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比拟，表示在一群人或事物中，其中 1. the+ 最高级 Sheisthetallestofallherclassmates.2. 最高级可被序数词以及 much,byfar,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notquite,notreally,nothinglike Thishatisbyfarthebiggest. Heisanexcellentteacher.4. 形容词最高级间修饰做表语或介词并与的名词代词是，被修饰的词往往省略。 Heistheyoungest(boy)inhisclass. 6

14、. the+ 序数词 + 最高级 Heisthesecondtalleststudentinourclass.7. Oneofthe+ 最高级 + 复数名词 TheYellowRiverisoneofthelongestriversinChina.1、如有 always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never,oncea.,every 用. 一般现在第一、二人称复时数后跟动词原形 第三人称单数后跟动词加 now,look!,listen,atthemoment. 用现在进tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,fromnowon,in+ 一段

15、时间 ,someday,next. 用一般将来时构造 will+v 原begoingto+v 原没有动词用 be4、如有yesterday,.ago,last.justnow. 用一般过去时动词加 edgivesb.Sth.=givesth.tosb 给. 某人某物everyday 每天 , 1.jack,goodboy!Pleasepass_theglasses.Iwanttoreadthenewspaper.A.youB.meC.himD.her2.ThismorningIhad_eggandabottleofmilkformybreakfast.A.anB.aC.theD. 不填2021

16、-8-5-不定冠词用于可数名词单数形式前不特指某人或某物表示“一的数量，但没有用于固定词组中特指某人或者某物双方都知道的事物或人上文提过的人或物独一无二序数词和形容词最高级前普通名词构成的专有名词前零冠词专有名词和不可数名词前名词已经有定this,that,my,your,some,any 等复数名词表示一类人或物星期、月份、季节、节日前称呼前三餐和球类运动前Susanisascientist.Passmeanorange,please.Aboyislookingforyou.Weworkfivedaysaweek.one WearegoingtohaveanEnglishlessontomo

17、rrow.Ihaveamouth,anose,twoeyesandtwoears.Afew,alittle,alotof,amomentagoShowmethephotooftheboy.Wherearethenewbooks,Jim?Theyareonthesmalltable.JiWeilivesonafarm.Thefarmisnotbig.Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.ThefirstmonthoftheyearisJanuary.TheGreatWallOntheleft语 Thatletterisinherbag.Myfatherandmotheraretea

18、chers.ItisSundaytoday.WhatcolourareMrs.Green sshoes?Hewenttoschoolbeforebreakfastthismorning.3. Howmany_canyouseeinthefollowingpictures?A.boysB.animalsC.filmsD.buildings4.Timmygoestoschool_everyday.Its5minuteswalkfromhishometoschool.A.inabusB.byplaneC.onfootD.byboat5.Everythingis_atnightmarkets.Youd

19、ontneedalotofmoneytohaveagoodtime.A.cheapB.badC.tiredD.dear6. Excuseme,_isthenearestbookshop?Godownthestreetandturnleftatthesecondcorner.A.howB.whatC.whereD.who7.Thesign tellsus_.A.NOSMOKINGB.NOPARKINGC.NOPHOTOSD.NOFOOD Yes,Ican,_Icantplayitverywell.2021-8-5-转折关系A.orB.andC.soD.but9.Lastmonth,student

20、shadtohavetheirlessonsbyinternet_becauseofSARS.A.ontheplaygroundB.athomeC.inthestreetD.nearthehospital10.Itis_todaythanyesterday.Shallwegoswimmingthisafternoon?A.thehottestB.hotC.hottestD.hotter 11.Listen!Someofthegirls_aboutHarryPotter.Letsjointhem!A.aretalkingB.talkC.willtalkD.talked 12._Chinesear

21、elookingforwaystolearnEnglishwellbeforeBeijing2021Olympics.A.ThousandB.ThousandsC.ThousandofD.Thousandsof Thousandsof 正确，其他形式不正确13.Ourteacher,MissChen,_Englishontheradiothedaybeforeyesterday.A.teachesB.taughtC.willteachD.hadtaught14.Doyouknow_duringthecomingsummerholiday?A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomd

22、oC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid2时态：看时间状语 15.TheEnglishnovelisquiteeasyforyou.Thereare_newwordsinit.A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few 2肯定还是否认 16.IdontthinkI_youinthatdressbefore. A.haveseenB.wasseeingC.sawD.see17.Todaysomenewly-producedmobilephonescantakepictures_acamera.A.asB.forC.likeD.of Yes,Iusuallyeatal

23、otwhenImhungry. A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.theother Whowould_?A.seeB.lookC.watchD.notice _.Youcanborrowsomepaperfromme.A.HelpyourselfB.Imsorry2021-8-5-C.NoproblemD.Socareless 1.onweekends2.onweekdays3.asfor4.myeatinghabits5.haveahealthylifestyle6.thesameas7.theresultof8.jun kfood9.getgoodgrades10.see

24、adentist11.haveahealthyhabit12.bestressedout3.abalanceddiet14.forexample1 5.atthemoment16.besorrytodosth17.gobikeriding18.takewalks=goforwalk19.takeavacation20.plantodosth 21.westerncountry22.takesthwithsb23.dependon24.hostfamily25.hardlyever6.asksbaboutsth27.getbacktos chool8.abalanceof29.kindof考点

25、1.wantsbtodosth 想要某人干某事Hisfatherwantshim_(become)anactor. 1).trytodosth 尽力干某事Hetries_(eat)lotsofvegetablesandfruiteveryday.2).trynottodosth 尽力不干某事Wetry_(notlet)myteacherdown.3).tryone sbesttodosth 尽某人最大努力干某事Weshouldtryourbest_(study)allsubjects. although/though 引导让步状语从句，“即使，虽然，不能与考点 4.finishdoingsth

26、 完毕干某事Iwillfinish_(work)outtheprobleminanothertwominutes.考点 5.can twaittodosth 迫不及待地干某事Ican twait_(open)theTVwhenIgethome. 2).decidenotdosth 决定不干某事3).decideondoingsth 决定干某事 makeadecisiontodosth=makeupone smindtodosth=decidetHehasdecidedtoleaveforWuhan.=Hehas_a_toleaveforWuhan.=Hehas_uphis_toleavefor

27、Wuhan.考点 7.plantodosth 方案干某事Sheisplanning_(take)avacationinShanghainextmonth.考点 8.thinkaboutdoingsth 考虑干某事Hethoughtabout_(go)toBeijingonvacation. gofishinggoboatinggoskatinggoshoppinggohikinggoskateboarding 1).It s+adj+forsb+todosth=Todosth+be+adj2).It s+adj+ofsb+todosth=Sb+be+adj+todosthItisveryfri

28、endlyofyoutohelpme.=_friendlytohelpme. 2021-8-5 -It sveryhardforyoutoworkoutthemathproblem.=_outthemathproblemisveryhardforyou.八年级上 Unit4-Unit6 1.takethesubway2.allover/aroundtheworld.bedifferentfrom4.ontheschoolbus5.studyforatest6.gotothedocto r=seeadoctor7.haveapianolesson8.theday26.primaryschool

29、2).flyto ?=goto ? byplane/air MyunclewenttoNew Yorklastweek.Myuncle_New Yorklastweek. 2).sb.+spend+ 时间 +onsth(indoingsth).Ittookmehalfanhourtoworkitout.I_halfanhour_itout. Itisfiveminutes walkfrommyhometoschool.=It_mefiveminutesto_toschool.考点 4.leave,leavefor,leave 3).leave+ 某地 +for+ 某地“离开某地前往某地Mrwa

30、ngaregoingtoBeijingtomorrow.=Mrwangare_Beijingtomorrow.考点 5.all ?not=notall 并“非都局部否认 Notallbirdscanfly.=_bi rdscanfly,somecan t.考点 6.thenumberof/anumberof1).anumberof 许多 =alotof/many, smallnumberof ?作. 主语时，谓语用复数。 Alargenumberoftourists_(come)toMountainTaieveryyear.Thenumberofthestudentsinourclass_(b

31、e)60. 2).sick 既可以放在系动词之后作表语也可放在名词之前作定语。Shewas_becauseofhardwork.The_boycoughedterribly.考点 8. 表示客气地请求某人干某事2021-8-5-1).Wouldyouliketodosth?2).Couldyoupleasedosth?3).Will/Wouldyoupleasedosth?4).Canyoudosth?考点 9.bebusy1).bebusywithsth. 忙于某事2).bebusydoingsth 忙于干某事3).bebusy 的反义词组 befree/havetimeIambusytom

32、orrow.=I_=I_time. 于 Hestayedathomealltheafternoon.=Hestayedathome_afternoon. Heisverybusy,_,healwayshelpsme.A.andB./C.butD.however _thestudentsareclever._studentsareclever. 1).beat: 打败后面接打败的人或对象 beatsb2).win: 赢后面接比赛的工程 race,game,match,prize 3).lose: 输 losetosb 输给某人 losesth 输了某物 Theirteambeatours=The

33、irteam_thematch.=Ourteam_theirs. 1). 位置：放在疑问词之后2). 语序：后面的句子用陈述句语序。Doyouthink?Whoisthemanoverthere?=_doyouthinktheman_overthere? weatherworkfoodnewsadviceinformationfunmusicpaper_weather!wearegoingtothepark.A.WhatagoodB.WhatgoodC.HowagoodD.Howgood 2).afford常与情态动词 can,can t,could,couldn 连用t Thebookisv

34、eryexpensive,Ican taffordtobuyit.=Idon考点 17.listento/hear/sound1).listento 仔?细倾听强调听的过程2).hear ?听到、听见强调听的结果 2021-8-5 thaveenoughmoneytodosth. thave_tobuyit.soundlike+ 名词-I_herbutcould_nothing.It_interesting. A+ 形容词的反义词的比拟级 +than+B TomisnotastallasI=Tomis_I.Iam_Tom.Thisbookisnotasexpensiveasthatone.=T

35、hisbookis_thanthatone.Thatbookis_thanthisbook. 1.turnon/off/up/down2.cutup3.mixup4.pour ?into ? 5.add ? to ? 6.hangout7.watchadolphinshow8.attdof9.takeaclass/hefuture15.free time16.beborn17.iceskating18.apieceofmusic19.winfirstprize20.majorin21.oneteaspoonof22.asliceof23.takeaphoto/photos24.getone s

36、autograph25.haveayardsale26.getwet27.haveaparty28.attheageof29.because30.atthesametime finally=atlast=intheendFinallyhecameupwithanidea.=_hecameupwithanidea.=_hecameupwithanidea. 1.turnon ：指翻开水流，煤气，电灯，电视，收音机等电器的开关。 Please_thedoor.Theboy_thecomputertoplaygameslastnight. 1.into 表示“到 ?里面去，进入到 ?某空间里。属于动

37、态介词。2.in 表示“在 ?里面，在某一空间或 X 围之内。属于静态介词。Thereisnothing_theblender.Heputhisbooks_hisbackpackandleft. Heissoyoungthathecan tgotoschool.=Heisn t_togoschool.=Heis_young_gotoschool.Theboxistooheavyforustocarry.Theboxisn t_tocarry=Theboxis_heavy_we_carryit. called=named=withthename(of)2021-8-5-Doyouknowtheg

38、irlcalledKate?=Doyouknowthegirl_Kate?=Doyouknowthegirl_(of)Kate?考点 6.seesbdosth 、 seesbdoingsth 的区别1.seesbdosth: 看见某人做了某事2.seesbdoingsth 看. 见某人正在做某事Theteachersawthestudents_(read)Englishwhenhecamein.Look ！ Canyouseethegirl_(dance)underthetree? Ioftennoticehimgohomealone.-Heisnoticed_homealone. atthe

39、ageof=whensbwas/were ?.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewasfour.=HebegantolearnEnglish_four. 1.takepartin 表示参加某项活动，运动，事件等。着重强调以主人翁的姿态或在活动中负有责任而参加。 2.join 表示参加组织，团体，党派而成为其中一员。 He_thePartyin1987.Canyoucomeand_usinthegame?Twentystudentsfromourclass_thesportsmeetinglastweek. Sb+bethefirst/lastone(person)+todo

40、sth某人是第一个或最后一个干某事Womenandchildrenarethefirst_ take 2.becauseof 后面接名词、代词、名词性短语、 Hedidn tgotothepartybecausehewasill.Hedidn tgototheparty_his_.Shewasveryangry_whatyousaid.A.becauseB.becauseofC./D.with 1.keep+adj 表示保持某种状态Keep_,Thebabyissleeping.2.keep+sb/sth+adj 表示使某人保持某种状态Wemustkeepourclassroom_. Itke

41、pt_(rain)allnight.4.keepondoingsth 表示反复做某事。Hekepton_(make)thesamemistakes.5.keep+sb+doingsth 表示让某人一直做某事。Hekeptus_(wait)foranhour.2021-8-5- Becauseoftheheavyrain,wecouldgotoschool.=Theheavyrain_usfrom_toschool. Therearemany_(visit)intheparkonMay sDay. 2).one sfirstvisitto+ 某地表示某人第一次参观某地HeisvisitingCh

42、ina.=Heis_toChina.ThisismyfirstvisittoBeijing. HaveyoutraveledtoShanghai? 1.alive 指活的、现存的、有活力的。常作表语，也可放在名词或代词之后作后置定语。2.living 指活着的、现行的、现存的。可作表语，也可放在名词前作定语。Hethinksheisthehappiestman_.The_peoplemustrememberthedead.八年级上 Unit10-Unit121.growup2.somewhereinteresting3.ayearortwo/oneortwoyears4.makemoney5.

43、savemoney6.morethan=over7.playsports8.keepfit9municatewith ?10.takeout11.dothedishes12.dochores13.dothelaundry14.makethebed15.livingroom 16.getaride=getsbaride17.gotoameeting=haveameeting18.workon19.takesbforawalk20.closeto/own/inthecountry/inthecity22.doasurveyof23.thepriceof24puterprogrammer25.tak

44、eactinglesson26.apart-timejob27.playaninstrument28.makethesoccerream29.NewYearourclothes32.haveagoodqualityclothes 2). 作“练习、习题、体操常用复数形式讲，为可数名词。 Youshouldtakemore_anddrinkmorewater. Wedomorning_everyday,butwedon tdoeye_.2. 作动词讲：锻炼、运动 Theoldmanalways_(exercise)everyday. 2.lend: 对主语而言，表示“借出 3.keep: 借多长

45、时间 MayI_them_you?=Couldyou_them_me?HowlongcanI_thebook?A.lendB.borrowC.keep 2021-8-5 sresolution30.sweepthefroor31.fo- Ioftenaskmyteacherforhelp. MayIaskyouabouttheaccident? MayIaskyousomequestions? -asksbnotdosthMyfatheroftenasksme_(notplay)computergames. 注：价格有上下，物品有贵贱，花费有多少。Thetrousersareexpensive.=Thepriceofthetrousers_.=Thetrousers_me_. What sthepriceof ?.? Howmuchdoesitcost? enough修饰名词时 , 可置于名词前面或后面。修饰形容词或副词时，只可放在形容词或副词的后面。 Ihaveenoughmoney/moneyenoughtobuythebook.=I_tobuythebook. Heissotallthathecanreachtheapple.Hei