高中英语 M4U2情态动词公开课课件 牛津必修4

1、2021/8/11 星期三1Grammar Modal verbsWelcome!2021/8/11 星期三2Unit 2 Sports events Modal verbs Grammar and usage2021/8/11 星期三3Unit 2 Sports events - Grammar Teaching aims & demands(目标/要求): 1. Show Ss that modal verbs can be used to talk about ability, obligation, certainty or permission, to make requests,

2、suggestions, offers and to give advice. 2.Enable students to understand that some modal verbs can be used with the continuous form and the perfect form to talk about current affairs or past actions.2021/8/11 星期三4Warming-up exercises He _ speak English fluently. (表能力)2. You _ work hard to win the gol

3、d medals. (表责任/义务)3. _we do some exercises this morning? (表征求对方意见)4. - Might I watch TV after supper? -Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. could5. -May I pick a flower in the garden? -_. A. No, you need B. No, please C. No, you mustnt D. No, you wontmustcanShall AC2021/8/11 星期三5一情态动词的语法特征 情态动词表示说

4、话人对某一动作或状态的态度，可以表示“可能”、“可以”、“需要”、“必须”或“应当”等之意。 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 情态动词不能单独作谓语动词用，必须和不带to的不定式连用构成谓语动词。Modal verbs: general introduction2021/8/11 星期三6二情态动词的语法功能 We can use modal verbs to talk about:abilitycertaintypermissionobligation make requests make suggestions make offers give advice 能力义务,责任确定允许 提出请求

5、 提出建议提供帮忙提出忠告Modal verbs: general introduction2021/8/11 星期三7情态动词1. can could be able to2. shall 4. may might三常见情态动词的基本用法3. must have to 7. will would5. need dare6. ought to should8. 情态动词+have done2021/8/11 星期三8情态动词1. can could be able to2. shall 4. may mightThe usage of some common modal verbs3. mus

6、t have to 5. 情态动词+have done2021/8/11 星期三9 can表示本身所具有的能力或潜能， could是其过去式 *我认为没有你的帮助他不能解决这 个问题。 I dont think he can solve the problem without your help.*两年前Rose就能自己烧饭了。 Rose could cook meals for herself two years ago.1. 情态动词can, could和be able to的用法2021/8/11 星期三10 Notice:(1). be able to表示能力, 有人称和数的变化, 可

7、用于各种时态;(2). can表示客观可能性, 常指现在, 较常用, 过去式为 “could”; 如果只表示能力时, can=be able to (3). could仅表示过去具备某种能力, 而 was/were able to表示不仅具备而且 实施了某种能力;更侧重于“克服一定困难, 经过一定努力做成某事” = managed to do sth. = succeeded in doing sth. 2021/8/11 星期三11 E.g:* He was able to swim across the river before the ship sank.【Practice】*He ma

8、naged to get the radio repaired without any help.=He _/_ the radio repaired without any help.was able to getsucceeded in getting 2021/8/11 星期三12*据说我们下周要进行期中考试, 这消息是真的吗？ Its said that we will have the mid-termexam next week. 现在: could/cant be 过去: cant/couldnt have done because I met him in his office

9、 just now. *他不可能去了国外，因为我刚刚在他的办公室遇见他。Can the news be true?He cant have gone abroad,can和could还可用于表示对事情可能性的 推测(常用于否, 疑句中)2021/8/11 星期三13E.g:-Could I use your pen? (语气委婉)-Yes, you can. No, you cant /mustnt.过去式could常用于疑问句中, 比can更加委婉, 表示礼貌。肯定回答时, 常用原形can或者may, 不可再用过去式could。 *吸烟往往会导致癌症。Smoking can cause ca

10、ncer.*It can be very cold here in winter.这的冬天有时会很冷。在肯定句中, can还可表示“有时会,往往会”2021/8/11 星期三14 2. shall用法 shall常用于第一,三人称疑问句中,表示征求对方意见,用于二、三人称陈述句中表示意图、决心、命令、警告、允诺、强制等,在法律法规等文件中表示义务或规定,可译为“必须,应该,可以”等。 Shall he clean the blackboard for you? Take it easy. You _be offered a job in this company. Mike _spare no

11、 effort to study.(1) “The interest _be divided into five parts according to the agreement made by both sides.” declared the judge. A. may B. should C. must D. shallshallshallD表“法律法规等文件中表示义务或规定”2021/8/11 星期三15(2) -Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report. -You_ have my computer if

12、you dont take care of it. A. shant B. might not C. neednt D. shouldnt(3) The boss said to the secretary, “ If you work well, you _ have a rise.” A. must B. ought C. shall D. would AC表“警告”表“允诺”2021/8/11 星期三16 3. 情态动词must和have to的用法:“must”与“have to” 都表示“必须,不得不”must: 指说话人认为“主观”上有必要have to: 指根据约定, 事情的因素

13、有必要 做某事-“客观”Ex:*The train leaves at 7 oclock. I _ (must / have to) go now.*I dont like my watch. I _ (must / have to) buy a new one.have tomust2021/8/11 星期三17E.g:-你现在就得回家吗？-是的, 我现在就得回家。 不, 我现在不需要回家。-Must you go home now? (必须)在疑问句中“must”表示“必须”的回答形式 肯定 “Yes, sb. must.”; 否定 “No, sb. neednt.” 或“No, sb.

14、dont (doesnt) have to.” *dont have to = neednt 没必要-Yes, I must./ No, I neednt. =I dont have to.2021/8/11 星期三18 表示对现在的肯定推测 must do (状态动词, 如: live/have/know), must be (doing) 表示对过去的肯定推测 must have donemust只能用于表示肯定的推测, 指“一定, 肯定”; 2021/8/11 星期三19 Practice *你现在一定困了。He must have watched the football match

15、last night.You must be sleepy now.*你现在一定困了, 不是吗?*他昨晚一定看足球比赛了。You must be sleepy now, arent you?*He must have watched film last night, _?*He must have watched film, _? A. hasnt he B. mustnt he C. didnt he D. hadnt heCA2021/8/11 星期三20 mustnt 表示“不准、禁止”*你们不准在学校吸烟。You mustnt smoke at school.must有时表示“偏要”,

16、含“责备,抱怨”之意(1)我已经跟你讲过很多遍了, 为什么你偏要 在课堂上讲话呢？(2)现在已是午夜了, 你偏要这个时候弹 钢琴吗？I have told you many times._ ? It is midnight. _? Must you play the piano nowWhy must you talk in class2021/8/11 星期三21 4. may / might, (1)表示 “许可”时:might, 比较委婉, 一般多用于疑问句;在以could, might表示征询对方意见或表示 请求时, 回答应相应使用can, may;表示允许(肯定句)和请求(疑问句)若

17、回答 表示 “不可以/不准” 时, 一般用mustnt.E.g:-May/Might I use your dictionary?-Yes, _./ No, you _.may/canmustnt2021/8/11 星期三22(2)表猜测时, “may, might”能用于陈述句中, 有“或许, 大概, 可能”之意; 现在 “may/might + 状态动词” 过去 “may/might have done” may的可能性较大, might的可能性最小; (3)may可以表示 “祝愿”, might不能这样用E.g: *希望上帝保佑你!May God bless you! *Rose may

18、 be busy now.*Rose might have returned home, but Im not sure. *但愿你快乐!May you be happy!2021/8/11 星期三23Practice:1、 - Might I watch TV after supper? -Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. could2、 - Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. -You _it in the wrong place. A. must put B.

19、should have put C. might put D. might have put AD2021/8/11 星期三24 must have done 过去一定做过某事cant have done 过去不可能做过某事should ( ought to ) have done 过去本该做某事却没做shouldnt ( ought not to ) have done 过去本不该做某事却做了5. 情态动词+have done表示对已经发生事情推测、责怪、后悔、遗憾等。2021/8/11 星期三25 neednt have don 过去没有必要做某事而实际上却做了 could have do

20、ne 过去本可以做某事却没做 may / might have done 过去可能已经做了某事5. 情态动词+have done表示对已经发生事情推测、责怪、后悔、遗憾等。2021/8/11 星期三261. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I_ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. A. should have taken B. could have taken C. neednt have taken D. mustnt have taken2. -Ill tell Mary about

21、her new job tomorrow. -You _her last week. A. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have told CDPractice2021/8/11 星期三273. She _ have left school, for her bike is still here. A. cant B. wouldnt C. shouldnt D. neednt4. - I cant find my purse anywhere. - You _ have lost it while shopp

22、ing. A. may B. can C. should D. would5. - I stayed at a hotel while in New York. - Oh, did you? You _with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed AAA2021/8/11 星期三28ABCDEFGHIJGroup Competition 2021/8/11 星期三29What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?-

23、Well, it _ be bigthats not important. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont2. 改错 Mr. Li mustnt have gone to Shanghai because I saw him a few minutes ago.BBack cantmust表推测只用于肯定句, 否定句中表推测用cant;mustnt 指 “禁止、不准”2021/8/11 星期三301. He said that the bike _ stolen and that he_ have to telephone the police. A.

24、was, would B. has, will C. has been, will D. had been, would not2.Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony ?A. can B. should C. may D. must DBackA2021/8/11 星期三311. 1. It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers h

25、ave been collected. A. can B. will C. may D. shall 2 .You cant imagine that a well behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. A. might B. need C. should D. would DCBack2021/8/11 星期三321. Tom, finish your homework first, or you _ watch TV! A. shant B. couldnt C. neednt D. may not2. -She looks very happ

26、y. She _ (must / might) have passed the exam. -I guess so. Its not difficult after all. ABackmust2021/8/11 星期三331. -Could I borrow your dictionary? -Yes, of course you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should2. Hearing the steps of the police, the thief _ move at all. A. dares not B. dared not to C. did

27、nt dare to D. not dareCCBack2021/8/11 星期三341. -Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. -You _it in the wrong place. A. must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put 2. -Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need

28、 D. mayDDBack表对过去可能性的推测。2021/8/11 星期三35 1. Mike, look at the time. _you play the piano at such a late hour? A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need 2. She is already two hours late. What _to her? A. may have happened B. can have happened C. should have happened D. must happenABackB2021/8/11 星期三361. If it were not for the fact that she _sing, I would invite her to the party. A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. cant D