高考英语完形填空解题思路与技巧2 完整版课件PPT

1、Welcome To Our Class解题思路与技巧完形填空 完型填空 考查综合运用语言的能力：词语辨析能力语法结构分析能力语篇理解能力逻辑推理能力文化背景透析能力作者意图剖析能力生活常识综合运用能力 近几年高考完形填空题在命题设计上出现了重大突破，侧重于考查我们的逻辑思维能力和对具体语境的把握，尤其是对整体语义的理解能力。它要求我们不但要有比较扎实的语言知识，较大的词汇量，而且要具有一定的语篇分析能力及逻辑思维能力。当然也要掌握一定的解题技巧。 做完形填空时要注意文章开头提示句的点题作用和短文中完整句的启示作用。首先要快速浏览上下文，弄清各段落之间，各层次之间的内在联系，把握文章的整体概念

2、。具体来讲，还应注意以下几个方面：1. 根据上下文语境来确定最佳选项，近年来的完形填空试题在选项的设置上越来越淡化语法结构，重在文意的干扰，即把具体的语言知识溶进具体的语言情景中去，考查我们通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。这种考查方式所占的比例较大，且难度也大，若单纯从句子或个别段落来分析，或许所给的四个答案在语法和结构上都是正确的，若放在全局，则不一定正确。因此，快速浏览全文，领悟文章主旨，通过上下文的语境来选择答案是解决这类题的关键。例1： I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father

3、following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was 1 and the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad 2 a step and fell, sending my new suitcase 3 down the stairs.1.A.helplessB.lazy C.anxious D.tired2.A.took B.mindedC.missed D. picked3.A.rolling B.passingC.dropping D. turningD. t

4、iredC. missedA. rolling2. 根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行逻辑推理NMET完形填空往往以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，其间交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，考查考生灵活运用该方面知识的能力。解决这类题目，考生不仅要有广博的知识、丰富的生活经历，还要能够驾驭全文，不仅理解文章的表层意义，而且要弄清文章的深层意义。当对语言的把握不很准确时，可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识来帮助判断。例1： It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickl

5、y, heading towards their1 . This was the beginning of another 2 day in New York City.1.A.jobs B.homesC.buses D.offices2. A. working B. hot C. same D.ordinaryA. jobsD. ordinary3. 根据词语的习惯用法和固定搭配来选择答案词的固定搭配，特别是动词的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例也是比较大的，多数题目涉及到动词的用法和各种搭配关系，这是由动词在句子中的重要性决定的。动词在搭配关系上与名词、介词、副词的用法紧密相关。解决这类题目要

6、求考生多读、多记，对所学习语或固定搭配牢固掌握，并能灵活运用。例1：（NMET1992）Mrs. Clark was 38 tea at the time.38. A. cookingB. makingC. burning D. servingB. making例2: The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant 1 a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 2 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smok

7、ing. It wasnt long 3 the whole room was filled with smoke.1. A. have B. had C. having D. have had2. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed3. A. ago B. after C. before D. nowC. havingB. struckC. before4. 根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义从而确定答案完形填空题的考查虽然越来越淡化语法，但对语言点的考查依然存在，不过主要体现在词汇搭配和语义辨析两个方面。要做好这种题目，必须尽量将词语辨析与情节推理和逻辑推

8、理结合起来，从词汇意义入手，抓住情节线索解决问题。 例1：She noticed how nervous he was and suggested he should stand near the stage where he could watch and follow the play.It was a good 1 of getting rid of his nervousness, she said. She was right, it seemed to 2 . A. idea B. way C. path D. plan A. do B. win C. work D. actB.

9、wayC. work二、做完形填空题应从以下方面入手（一）、浏览全文时要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件，即who，when, where，what。完形填空命题的原则一般是第一句话不挖空，目的是使读者进入语境，因此一定要认真阅读这句话。（二）、根据故事情节的发展选词，确定所填的词与文中哪个词有关系以及动作是在什么场合发生的。（三）、试填之后将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查。(“字面译、通逻辑、搞代入、全文译”)1. 看清上下文，找准定位词充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例如：1)Some parts of the water

10、 are very shallow. But in some places it is very .A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous2)Mrs ONeill askedquestions and she didnt scold us either.A. no B. certain C. many D. moreA. deepA. no2. 逻辑通顺，寻求搭配 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如：Heres a fellow who just walked into a ban

11、k and helped himselfso much money. A. for B. by C. to D. ofC. to3. 扎实基础，弄清辨析Soon I heard alike that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shoutA. sound4. 看清执行者，确定所选词And video cameras can be used topeoples actions at home. A. keep B. make C. record D. watchC. record5

12、. 寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系It has been many years since I was last in LondonI still remember something that happened during that visit.A. and B. for C. but D. asC. but6. 了解生活常识，确定相关知识(Immediately) the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to thehospital.A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearestD. nearest 三、

13、解此类题主要从以下四步做起： 第一步 重视首句，把握开篇。完形填空一般无标题，首句一般不留空白，是完整的一句，全文信息从此开始。细读首句，可判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨。 第二步 迅速浏览上下文，掌握大意。看时要注意找出关键词、中心词，划出某些代表人物和情节的词，以便于形成思路。要注意不要在未掌握大意的基础上，边阅读，边做题，这样速度慢、准确率低。 第三步 瞻前顾后，灵活答题。“瞻前顾后”，即先读所填词的句子，回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两个空白待填，在初定答案时要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案。答题方法：1）择优法：根据文章及结构边读边填，如果能够立刻判定最

14、佳答案的，不必再去逐个考证其余答案。2）排除法：如答案一时难以确定，可按空格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。 第四步 复核全文，调整答案。把填好的短文通读一遍，进行核查同时注意以下三点： 1上下文的一致性：即时态语态的一致；代词、名词、单复数的一致。 2从语法和惯用法及习惯搭配、甚至语感入手，看是否符合上下文的逻辑。 3段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。 这次复核至关重要，常能纠正一两处甚至多处错误。同时对极难确定的答案，也要凭语感任猜一个，决不可不选。一、语法This autumn was the wette

15、st since records began in the U.K. Floods _ large parts of the country.A. covered B. covered by C. covered with D. rushed awayA. covered二、连接词They are some of the poorest people in a poverty stricken country. _ now they have an extra source of income (收入). A. But B. And C. However D. Therefore A. But

16、 English people seem very quiet _ reserved (缄默的), usually.though B. and C. even D. butIt was just getting dark; there was a touch of fog and I was on a lonely stretch of road. _ I was going along cheerfully. A. But B. And C. Otherwise D. SoB. andA. But三、前提示，后提示Young people are spending unbelievable

17、sums of money to listen to rock music. At least fifty _ stars have incomesbetween two million and six million dollars per year.A. film B. rock C. jazz D. movieOne evening Jackie was on his way home from the railway station. When he turned round a 1 he heard footsteps behind him and he thought 2 was

18、coming near. Hebegan to walk 3 . The footsteps became faster, too.He slowed down.The footsteps also 4 down.1. A. corner B. park C. street D. way 2. A. no one B. someone C. anyone D. everyone3. A.slowly B.more slowly C. fast D.faster 4. A. put B.slowed C.became D. turnedStudents generally appreciate ( 认可 ) these special 50 opportunities (机会) . They are almost always fun and interesting , and professors 51 them too because students learn so much in just a few short months.50. A. working B, living C. teaching