2013年英语四级考试阅读理解练习

1、AmongthemorecolorfulcharactersofLeadvillesgoldenagewereH.A.W.Taborandhis second wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as “Baby Doe”. Their history is fastingoneofthelegendsoftheOldWest.HoraceAustinWarnerTaborwasateacherinVermont.With wifeandAmongthemorecolorfulcharactersofLeadvillesgoldenagewereH.A.

2、W.Taborandhis second wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as “Baby Doe”. Their history is fastingoneofthelegendsoftheOldWest.HoraceAustinWarnerTaborwasateacherinVermont.With wifeandtwochildrenheleftVermontbywagon in 1855 to homestead in Kansas.Perhapshe didnot find farming tohis liking,or perhaps h

3、e was lured by rumors of fortunes to bemade in Colorado mines. At anyrate, afewyearslaterhemovedwesttothesmallColoradominingc knownasGulch,whichhelaterrenamedLeadvillewhenhebecameitsleadingcitizen.itsofleadaresuretobefoundhere.”heAs itturned out, it was silver, not lead,twastomakeLeadvillesfortunewe

4、alth.Taborknewlittleaboutmininghimself,soheopenedageneralstore,whicheverythingfrombootstosaltflourandtobacco.Itwashiscustomtoprospectiveminers,inotherwords,tosupplythemwithfood whiletheylookedforore,inreturnforwhichhewouldgeta hemine discovered.Hedidthisforanumberofyearsbutno anythingoftheaidedeverF

5、inallyone heyear1878,sothestorygoes,twominerscameinandfor“grub”.Taborhaddecidedtoquitsupplyingitbecausehehadlosttootway.Thesewerepersistent,however,andTaborwastoobusytoarguewith“Ohhelpyourself.Onemoretimewontmakeanydifference,”Hesaidandwentsellingshoesandhatstoothercustomers.Thetwominerstook$17worth

6、 s,return for which theygave Tabor a one-third heirfindings.Theypickedbarren place on the mountain side and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich veinofsilver.Taborboughtthesharesoftheothertwomen,andsotheminebelonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mine,” made 1 300 000

7、for Tabor in return for his $17 investment.LaterTaborboughttheMatchlessMineonanotherbarrenhillsidejustoutsidethe town for $117 000. This turned out to be even more fabulous n thyielding$35000worthoferdayatonetime.Leadvillegrew.Taborbecame mayor, and later became utenant ernorofthe1.Leadvillegotitsna

8、meforthefollowingreasonsA.becauseTaborbecameitsleadingB.becausegreatitsofleadisexpectedtobefoundC.becauseitcouldbringgoodfortunetoD.becauseitwas2.Theword“grubstake”inparagraph2A.tosupplyminerswithfood B.toopenageneralsC.todoonescontributiontothedevelopmentoftheD.tosupplyminerswithfoodandas discovere

9、dsandinreturngeta hemine,3.Tabormade A.by supplyino prospective miners and getting in return a one-third erestin the findingsB.becausehewaspersuadedbythetwominerstoquitC.bybuyingthesharesoftheD.asaland4.TheunderlyingreasonforTaborslifecareerA.purelyB. based on the ysisofminersbeingverypoorand discov

10、eringprofitableminingC.throughthehelpfromhissecondsibility5.Ifthispassageisthefollowing part?A.Tabors part of an article,who might be B.Taborssecondwife,ElizabethC.OthercolorfulD.Taborsother1.barrenadj.5.Ifthispassageisthefollowing part?A.Tabors part of an article,who might be B.Taborssecondwife,Eli

11、zabethC.OthercolorfulD.Taborsother1.barrenadj.2.fabulousadj.3.lureitn.5.grubstakev.。【短文大意】本文主要讲述霍塞斯奥斯汀沃纳1. C细节题。因为 Leadville可以为 Tabor带来巨富。这一点不是 Leadville得名的原 因，因为在文章第二段中，讲到这一点时，提及三个原因：A.因为 Tabor 成为当地的居民代表人物，B.Leadville有丰富的铅的储藏量。D.LeadvilleTabor重要而起的名，唯独 C 没有，因为到后来发现是银矿才给他带来巨富。2.DgrubstakeD所述内容是相同的，即

12、“供给探矿者资 金，衣物，食品以及其他物品”。(可参阅英华大辞典修订第二版 64 页)但此处还补充地讲，作为回报，供给者可以获得矿中资源一定份额。(见文章第二段第 4 行)3.A细节题。Tabor4-9Tabor 的物品，作为回报，Tabor 获得他们矿资源三分之TaborTabor一个人所有，这个矿就是后来著名的“匹兹堡”矿。Tabor 的1304.B模式，因为 B5.B呢?key可以从文章第一句分析出来，在Leadville的黄金年代，其多彩的特点当中，Tabor 及其第二任妻子 Elizabeth McCourt 是值得大书特书的，接着，文章都在讲述有关 H.A.W.Tabor发家致富的

13、历史，如先买下匹兹堡矿，后又买下 Matchless矿，最后成为市长州长，等等，所以涉及到的全是男主人公D.heplannedwellsstepbyThere are people in Italy who cant stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions base

14、ball. Baseball to them meansboringhourswatchinggrownmeninfunnytightoutfitsstandingaroundinafieldstaringawaywhileverylittleofanythinghappens.Theylyouitsagame suitedtothe19thcentury,slow,There are people in Italy who cant stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in Ameri

15、ca, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them meansboringhourswatchinggrownmeninfunnytightoutfitsstandingaroundinafieldstaringawaywhileverylittleofanythinghappens.Theylyouitsagame suitedtothe19thcentury,slow,quie

16、t,gentlemanly.Thesearethesamepeopleyou be one of them who lovefootballbecause theres the sport tglorifies“theBycontrast,baseballseemsabstract,cool,silent,On TV the game is fractured oa geometryofthegame,however,isessentialtounderstandingit.Youwillcontemplate the game from one po as a paer does hibje

17、ct; you may, of course, projectyourself othegame.It his tthegameaffordssomuchspacetime for involvement. The TV wont t forTake,forle,thethirdbaseman.Yousitbehindthethirdbasedugoutandwatch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. Hedoesalotofthis.Theskepticstillc

18、annotthinkofanyothersportssostill,sopassive.Butwatchppenseverytimetcherthrows:thethirdbasemangoesuphistoes,flexeshisarmsorbringtheglovetoainfrontofhim,takesasteprightorbasemans etchisaball.“Nothinghappened,”yousay.couldhavehadmyeyesTheskepticandtheinnocentmustplaythegame.Andthis stands is no more el

19、lectual nlisteningtomusicis.WatchthethirdSmooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch theeyesofthebatter,thespeedofthebat,thesoundofhorsehideonwood.Iffootball is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spaciouserlockingofnotes,choresa

20、nd1.ThepassageismainlyconcernedwithA.thedifferenttastesofpeopleforB.thedifferentcharacteristicsofC.theattractionofD.theattractionof2.Thosewho dontlike baseballmay hat A.itisonlytothetasteoftheB.itinvolveslayers nC.itisnotexcitingD.itispretentiousandlooks3.Theauthor tA.baseballistoopeacefulfortheB.ba

21、seballmayseemboringwhenwatchedonC. football is more attracting nD. baseball is more eresting n 4.Bying“Icouldhavehadmyeyesclosed.”theauthormeans(4thA.Thethirdbasemanwouldrather nplaytheB.Evenifthethirdbasemanclosedhiseyesamomentago,itcouldmakedifferenttotheC.Thethirdbasemanissogoodat thecouldfinisht

22、hegamewithclosedallthetimeanddohisworkD.Theconsequentwastoobadhecouldnotbeartoseetthe5.Wecansafelyleft,backwardorforward,perhapshe across the field to checkhis s,replays,ups.A.likesB.hatesC.hatesD.likes1.dugout2.pitcher3.symphony4.chamber5.contemplatevt.A.likesB.hatesC.hatesD.likes1.dugout2.pitcher3

23、.symphony4.chamber5.contemplatevt.】此句的主干是“Baseballmeanswatching”，其中“infunnytight用来修饰“grownmen”,“standing”和“staring”用来做“grownmen”】这是一个复合句，“goes1.D主旨题。文章第一段简述了人们对垒球所持的偏见缓，不像橄榄球那样)讨的是垒球的特点及其欣赏。 A。2.C皱眉头。对他们来说，看垒球意味着眼巴巴地观望着身着运动装(outfit。 A意为：“味。”注意：原文说的是适合上个世纪的人的口味，二者意味不一样。 D意为：“3.B入(project)到运动中去，以体会到这种

24、寓动于静的运动之美。电视做不到这一点(The tforyou)，因此，电视上的垒球比赛看上去(seems)静静、慢慢腾腾。C、D 不对，作者4.Bthirdbaseman”5.D的各种动作、垒球位之间的关系等是欣赏它的关键(第三段第二句)它，才能看到每一个小的动作、每一个眼神乃至于Asregardslconventions,wemustsayawordaboutthewell-knownclasssystem.Thisisanembarrassing5.D的各种动作、垒球位之间的关系等是欣赏它的关键(第三段第二句)它，才能看到每一个小的动作、每一个眼神乃至于Asregardslconventi

25、ons,wemustsayawordaboutthewell-knownclasssystem.ThisisanembarrassingsubjectforEnglishpeople,andonetheytendto be ashamed of, though during the present century class-consciousness has grown less andless,andtheclasssystemlessrigid.Butitstillexistsbelowthesurface.Broadly speaking, it means there are two

26、 classes, the “middle class” and the “working class”.(Weshallignoreforamomenttheold“upperclass”,includingthehereditarysinceitisextremelysmallinnumbers;butsomeofitsmembershavetherighttosittheHouseofLords,andsomerstakeaheirThemiddleclassconsistschieflyofwell-to-dobusinessmenandkinds.Theworkingclasscon

27、sistschieflyofmanualandunskilledalpeopleofThemostobviousdifferencenthemheiraccent.Middle-classuseslightlyvaryingkindsof“receivedtion”whichisthekindofEnglishbyBBCannouncersandtaughttooverseaspupils.Typicalworking-classpeoplespeakmanydifferentlocalaccentswhicharegenerallyfelttoberatheruglyandOneoftheb

28、iggestbarriersoflequalityinEnglandisthetwo-classsystem.Tohavebeentoaso-called“publicschool”ymarks you outasonethemiddleclass.Themiddleclassestendtoliveamoreformalnworking-people,andareusuallymorecultured.Theirmiddaymealisch”and theyhave ratherformaleveningmealcalled“dinner”,whereastheworkingmansdinn

29、er,ifworkinghourspermit,isatmidday,andhissmaller,late-eveningmealiscalledAswehavesaid,however,theclasssystemismuchlessnitwas,andforlongtimesernmentpolicytoreduceclassdistinctions.Working-studentsverycommonlyreceiveauniversityeducationandenterthes,n working-twoclasseseshavegrownsomuchtthedistinctions

30、inglessandlessclear.Howeverregardlessofoneslsus,certainstandardsofpolitenessareexpectedofeverybody,andawell-ispolitetoeveryonehemeets,andtreatsalabourersus,certainstandardsofpolitenessareexpectedofeverybody,andawell-ispolitetoeveryonehemeets,andtreatsalabourerwiththesamerespectgives an important bus

31、inessman. Servility inspires both embarrassment and dislike. Even theword“sir”,exceptin schoolandincertainoccupations(merce,thearmyetc.) sounds too servile to be commonly used.1.ThemiddleclassmainlyreferstopeopleA.whowerebornasB.whohavetherighttoheHouseofC.whoanydifferentlocalD.whoareprosperousbusin

32、essmenorwhoworkinsomes2.ThemostobviousdifferencentheworkingclassandthemiddleclassEnglishistheirA. B.C. D.Whyisnttheword“sir”commonlyusedinBecauseitsoundstooservileandislikelytocauseBecauseitcanonlybeusedinsomecertainBecauseitisanimpoliteD.Becauseittthespeakerisnotawell-.The“upperclass”inEnglandtoday

33、areextremelysmallinnumbertmediapaysnoattentiontoB.stillusesoldwordslikeheireverydayC.includesthehereditaryD.refersonlytotheroyalWhichofthefollowingisnottrueabouttheEnglishclassItisanembarrassingsubjectforEnglishWorking-classstudentscannotreceiveauniversityC.TheclasssystemismuchlessnitD.Theclasssyste

34、mstillexistsbelowthesurface. conventionembarrassv.rigidadjhereditaryadj.manualadj.accentn.7.receivedtionadj.英语的)well-bredadj.servilityn.10.occupationn.职业10.occupationn.职业1.D细节题。意为“那些比较富裕的生意人或有一定的职业的人”主要包括富裕的生意人和有一定的职业的人。所以正应该是D应该是C。 句：谦卑会引起尴尬和不悦。甚至像“先生”这样的词，除了在特定的职业中(如商业外，也不太常用，因为它听起来太过谦卑。所以正应该是A4.C

35、细节题。A们，注意一定要看清楚再选。B 选项相关内容在文末。D 没有提到。B 在第一段中间出现。5.B细节题。意为“家庭的学生不能接受大学教育”B。四CultureisoneofthemostchallengingelementsoftheernationalThissystemoflearnedbehaviorpatternscharacteristicofthemembersofasocietyisconstantlydbyasetofdynamicvariables:language,religion,valuesattitudes,mannersandcustoms,aesthetic

36、s,technology,education,andinstitutions.Tocopewiththissystem,anernationalmanagerneedsboth retiveknowledgeofculture.Tosomeextent,thefactualknowledgecanlearned; ioncomesonlythroughThe most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact tonecannotlearncultureonehastoliv

37、eit.Twoschoolsofthoughtexistinthebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.One tbusinessistheworldaround,followingtheofPepsiandMcDonalds.Insomecases,globalizationisafactoflife;however,culturalarethebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.One tbusinessistheworldaround,followingtheofPepsiand

38、McDonalds.Insomecases,globalizationisafactoflife;however,culturalarestillfarfromconverging.Theotherschool tcompaniesmusttailorbusinessapproachesindividualcultures.Settinguppoliciesandproceduresineachcountryhascompared to an antransplant;thecriticalquestioncentersaroundacceptanceor rejection. The maj

39、or challenge to the ernational manager is to make sure rejectionisnotaresultofculturalmyopiaorevenFortune examined the ernationalperformanceofadozenlarge tearn20percentormoreoftheirrevenueoverseas.Theernationallycompanies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed osituations but

40、ratherbuilttheiroperationscarefullybyfollowingthemostbasicbusinessprinciples. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your 1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisA. All ernationalmanagerscanlearnB.BusinessdiversityisnotC.Viewsdifferonhowtotreatcultureinbusines

41、sD.Mostpeopledonotknowforeignculture2.Accordingtotheauthor,the of Pepsi .A.isinlinewiththetheoriesoftheschooladvocatingthebusinessisbusinessthe world aroundB.isdifferentfromthe ofC.showsthereverseofD.hasconvergedcultural3.ThetwoschoolsofthoughtA.bothpro e tcompaniesshouldtailorbusinessapproachestoB.

42、 tdifferentpoliciesbesetupindifferentC.admittheexistenceofculturaldiversityinbusinessD.andB4.ThisarticlepedtobemostusefulforthoseA. who are erestedinresearchingthetopicofculturalB. who have connections to more nonetypeofC.whowanttotravelD.whowanttorunbusiness ernational5.AccordingtoFortune,sful erna

43、tionalcompaniesA.earn20percentormoreoftheirrevenueB.allhavethequalityofC.willfollowtheoverseaslocalD. adopt the policy of 1.dynamicadj.2.variablen.aestheticsn.4.factualadj.6.convergev.7.transplantv.8.myopian. 9.adversaryn.对 iveadj.个句子为一个简单句，主语为：“thissystem”，谓语为“isd”。1.C推断题。意为“对在商业中怎样对待文化有着不同意见”具2.A细

44、节题。意为“的派别的主张是一致的”Pepsi是3.C推断题。意为“承认商业世界中文化的多元性”4.DD。5.B细节题。意为“都具有耐心这一素质”总收入的20%或以上。它们也不一定全都接纳海外的当地文化，或是采个句子为一个简单句，主语为：“thissystem”，谓语为“isd”。1.C推断题。意为“对在商业中怎样对待文化有着不同意见”具2.A细节题。意为“的派别的主张是一致的”Pepsi是3.C推断题。意为“承认商业世界中文化的多元性”4.DD。5.B细节题。意为“都具有耐心这一素质”总收入的20%或以上。它们也不一定全都接纳海外的当地文化，或是采策略Whenonelooksbackupont

45、he dred tarethelifespanofthelanguage,heshouldbeabletonoticeanumberofsignificanttruths.Thehistoryofour language has always been a history of constant changeat times a slow, almost imperceptible change, at other times a violent colli betn two languages. Ourlanguage has always been a living growing ani

46、sm, is never been sic.Another significant truth t emerges from such a study istlanguageatalltimeshas not of one class roupbutofmany. Atoneextreme sbeenpropertyofthecommon,ignorantfolk,whohaveused hedailybusinessofliving,muchastheyhaveusedtheiranimalsorthekitchenpotsandpans.Atotherextremesbeenthetrea

47、sureofthosewhohaverespecteditasanandasignofcivilization,andwhohavestruggledbywritingitdowntogiveitpermanence,order,dignity,and sible,aAs we consider our changing language, we should note here two developments are of spel and immediate importance to us. One is tsincethetimeoftheAnglo-tSaxons there ha

48、s been most complete reversal of the different deviforshowing the relationship of words in a sentence. Anglo-Saxon (old English) was a language of many inflections. Modern English has few inflections. We must now depend largely on word order and function words to convey the meanings t the older lang

49、uage did bymeans of changes heformsofwords.Functionwords,youshouldunderstand,chasitions, conjunctions, and afew otherstareusedprimarilyshowrelationshipsamongotherwords.Afewinflections,however,havesurvived.when someword inflections come withwordorder,theremaybetroubletheusersofthelanguage,asweshallse

50、elaterwhenweturnourattentiontomaters as WHO or WHOM and ME or I. The second fact we must consider is tas language itself changes, our attitudes toward language forms change also. Theeighteenthcentury,forle,when someword inflections come withwordorder,theremaybetroubletheusersofthelanguage,asweshalls

51、eelaterwhenweturnourattentiontomaters as WHO or WHOM and ME or I. The second fact we must consider is tas language itself changes, our attitudes toward language forms change also. Theeighteenthcentury,forle,producedfromvariousatendencyto fixlanguage opatternsnotalwayssetinandgrew,untilatthepresentti

52、methereisstrong tendency to restudy and re-evaluaanguagepracti which people speak and write.ermsoftheways1.Incontrasttotherlinguists,modernlinguiststendtoA.attempttocontinuethestandardizationoftheB. evalua anguageerms of current speech rather nstandardsC.bemoreconcernedabouttheimprovementofthelanguageD.bemoreawareoftherulesofthelanguagen ysis2.Choosetheappropriatemeaningfortheword“inflection”usedinline4paragraphA. heformsofB