2021-2022学年北京市海淀区八年级英语（上）期末考试试题及答案解析

1、2021-2022学年北京市海淀区八年级英语（上）期末试卷一、单选题（本大题共6小题，共6.0分）The students like their class very much. _ always keep their classroom clean.A. HeB. SheC. WeD. TheyWould you like to see the movie? Please let me know _ this Friday.A. inB. byC. atD. toJack goes running every day, _ he is quite healthy.A. orB. soC. b

2、utD. until_ you come to my party on Saturday afternoon? Sure, Id love to.A. CanB. MayC. MustD. NeedTen years ago, I _ as a reporter in a small town.A. workedB. worksC. will workD. am workingWe will have a great time playing snowballs if it _ tomorrow.A. snowB. snowedC. snowsD. will snow二、完形填空（本大题共8小

3、题，共12.0分）When I was fourteen, my father got a new job in another city, so my family moved there. The new house was much bigger and a lot nicer than the old one, but I was very (7). All my friends were hundreds of miles away and the classmates in my new school seemed unfriendly. I tried my best to fi

4、t in. I picked the same food as they did, listened to their favorite music, and even dressed in their way. But it seemed hard for me to become (8)among them. I felt so lonely that I sometimes cried myself to sleep.Before I knew it, I (9)studying as hard as I did before. I started doing less homework

5、 and refused to talk about school life with my family. The first person to notice my (10)in my family was my grandpa. I could see he was deeply concerned (关注的) and finally he invited me to have a talk. We discussed the matter and he gave me the best (11)I have ever got in my life. Always be your bes

6、t self. he said. Dont (12)yourself to please others. Who cares, if I am so lonely? I thought.Later, I found myself thinking about his words again and again, and finally, I (13)his advice. I got down to work, got excellent grades and I also joined some sports clubs. Slowly, I found myself a good comp

7、any of students who truly cared about me and soon I met my best friend. All these people made me smile and I enjoyed every day at school.So, my grandpa turned out to be (14). Ive come to understand that being myself is really important.Since then I have never given up my real self just to make other

8、s like me.A. unhappyB. excitedC. angryD. interestedA. importantB. popularC. creativeD. talentedA. stoppedB. practicedC. triedD. keptA. worriesB. decisionsC. changesD. excusesA. planB. wishC. giftD. adviceA. helpB. scareC. loseD. enjoyA. sharedB. noticedC. neededD. followedA. kindB. rightC. honestD.

9、serious三、阅读理解（本大题共14小题，共28.0分）ALara predicts that people will travel _.A. by carB. by planeC. by shipD. by submarineWho thinks we will use our voices to control computers?A. Lara.B. Bob.C. Jenny.D. Jim.Jim believes the earth will become cleaner because people will _.A. only eat healthy foodB. use en

10、ergy from the sunC. live under the waterD. put computers in the clothesThe four kids are talking about _.A. what the world will be likeB. how fast cars will flyC. where people will get fresh foodD. how much land there will beB Johnny and his friends were making a cardboard town to play in. At first

11、they were getting on well, turning boxes into stores and playgrounds, but soon they had different ideas.It was my idea, Johnny said, so I would just do it without you. Then he walked away in anger and left his friends Katie and Max alone.Wow, I didnt expect hed get so mad, Katie said.Making a cardbo

12、ard town is a lot of work, said Max, Johnny cant do it all by himself. Maybe if we give him some space, hell want us to help again.Johnny wanted the cardboard town done before New Years Day so that he could show it to all of his family when they came over, but New Years Day was only two weeks away.

13、When he started again, he found it was just too big a job. He couldnt make the buildings out of boxes, put them around the town, and decorate (装饰) them all by himself. It would take way too long.I guess thats why people work together. When we each played a part, it was fun and everything went a lot

14、faster. Maybe I should say sorry to my friends. They were just trying to help and have fun with me, Johnny said to himself.The next day at school Johnny said sorry to Katie and Max. I dont know why I got so mad. Will you come to my house tomorrow to complete our town? Johnny asked.Katie and Max joyf

15、ully agreed. The three all took on a role and the town was done in no time.How did Johnny feel when he and his friends had different ideas?A. Mad.B. Sad.C. Excited.D. Relaxed.Johnny couldnt finish the cardboard town before New Years Day because _.A. his family didnt want him to make itB. his friends

16、 didnt give him any adviceC. it was too big a job for him to do aloneD. it was difficult for him to choose colorsWhat does this story want to tell us?A. A good beginning is half done.B. Many hands make light work.C. A good friend is like a mirror.D. Many drops make a shower.CPhysical activity is imp

17、ortant and we often plan to do it. However, we dont often think about making time to exercise as a family. While we find time for family games or movie nights, we often forget family sports. Family exercise may seem silly, but there are many benefits(益处).Form Lifelong HabitsBy spending family time o

18、n a physical activity together, you encourage (鼓励) your children to exercise and build lifelong habits. When children see physical activities as an enjoyable thing to do together, they may keep family exercise as a family-time tradition as they grow up.Children get more life skills at home than they

19、 do anywhere else. Teamwork is taught and encouraged in sports. By exercising together, youre encouraging teamwork and working together to reach a common goal, which helps teach the importance of goal setting as a team.Bring EncouragementParents are great encouragers in education and sports. You can

20、 give your children encouragement when doing family sports. Studies show that family encouragement influences(影响) childrens mental health in a good way. Good family bonding(联结) with family encouragement builds confidence(自信) in children.It may be all well and good to think about exercising together

21、as a family, but it may be difficult to get started. Here is some advice for you. Take turns on who gets to choose the physical activity. Maybe you enjoy traditional exercise while your child wants to dance. On your exercising day, encourage your child to follow along. Then allow your child to choos

22、e the next family physical activity. Staying safe is always something important to think about for not only children but parents as well. Choose an activity with your childs abilities in mind. If some of your family members are not good at running, try to slow down or have them ride a bike along.Fam

23、ily exercise can be both fun and a good chance for bonding. Remember to always choose the activity as a family and stay safe.Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraph 3?A. Build TeamworkB. Improve HealthC. Keep TraditionsD. Bring HappinessAccording to the passage, the writer pro

24、bably agrees that _.A. its always safe to exercise together as a familyB. its good and easy for families to start exercisingC. children should play a part in deciding family exerciseD. children will exercise with family more if they are confidentThe passage is probably written for _.A. childrenB. st

25、udentsC. teachersD. parentsWhat does the writer mainly talk about in the passage?A. The ways for families to exercise together and stay safe.B. The choices of family exercise and the reasons to start it.C. The benefits of family exercise and advice on how to start it.D. The importance for children t

26、o exercise and get more life skills.DIt is generally believed that we make choices based on our preferences (偏好). For example, we choose a bag because we like it better than other bags. But will we like the bag even better after we choose it?Psychologist Jack Brehm once asked some housewives to rate

27、 (给打分) a few things based on how much they liked them. If they gave two things the same rating, they had to choose one over the other. Then they rated all the things again. This time, all the chosen things got a higher rating. Brehm then said that the act of choosing had changed the womens preferenc

28、es. But others questioned Brehms finding. They argued that choosing only showed preferences that were already there.A new study suggests there is truth on both sides. To see peoples preference in a scientific way, scientists used fMRI (功能性核磁共振成像) to watch brain activity in 13 volunteers when they ch

29、ose the place for a vacation. In the first part of the new study, the volunteers went inside the fMRI and rated how happy it would make them to go to Greece, Thailand and other places. Then, outside the fMRI, they chose between pairs of places to which they had given the same rating. Scientists foun

30、d that even though the volunteers had given the same rating to both places in each pair at first, they always chose the place that raised greater brain activity shown in the fMRI.The finding proves (证明) that choices uncover preexisting (早先存在的) preferences. But the second part of the study also backs

31、 Brehms point that choices can influence preferences. When the volunteers got back in the fMRI and rated how much they wanted to go to the vacation places again, they showed even higher brain activity for the chosen places. The fMRI data suggest that a persons choice not only shows a preexisting pre

32、ference but also shapesfuture preferences, which helps to end a huge debate in the field.Experts believe that we change our preferences after making a decision so that we wont think over what may happen if we choose differently. So if we choose the zoo over the seaside, we will probably feel like le

33、arning more about the animals and putting our swimsuit away.What did Brehm ask the housewives to do?A. To rate a few things two times.B. To make some bags together.C. To learn about many things.D. To find a place for vacation.The word shapes in Paragraph 4 probably means _.A. createsB. influencesC.

34、choosesD. provesWhat can we learn from the new study?A. People hardly change their preferences after they make choices.B. People may like something better if they show lower brain activity.C. People show the same brain activity for the places with the same rating.D. People may still have a preferenc

35、e even though they give the same rating.四、任务型阅读-简答（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）Are you interested in the bottles in the supermarkets? To sell liquids (液体), most factories have to use glass or plastic (塑料) bottles. However, as buyers now care more about the environment, they hope factories can use environment-fri

36、endly bottles. Then factories started working to develop paper bottles.In some ways, paper bottles are much better than glass and plastic ones because they are easy to recycle (再利用) and also weigh less than glass. But there are also some problems. One of the biggest difficulties is to keep paper bot

37、tles from leaking (漏). The inside of the bottle needs a special coating. To make sure the liquid wont leak through, many factories use a thin sheet of plastic as a liner (内衬).Bottle makers may say this liner can be recycled, but many recycling programs dont have the right machines to deal with it.A

38、factory named Diageo made the first paper bottle thats completely plastic-free. Now people in Diageo are trying to put a non-plastic coating on the inside of the bottles, and this may make bottles fully recyclable. Diageo says theyll put that kind of paper bottles into use in July, 2022. But even wi

39、thout plastic, paper bottles arent perfect. For example, if people cut down trees to make bottles, there will be fewer forests and more animals will be in danger. Also, it will take time for factories to see how long liquids can be kept in the bottles, and make sure the bottles dont influence the ta

40、ste.Now quite a few factories are working to improve paper bottles. Its likely that we can expect to see better paper bottles in the supermarkets soon.(1) Who hopes factories can use environment-friendly bottles?(2) Why are paper bottles better than glass and plastic ones?(3) How do factories make s

41、ure the liquid wont leak through?(4) When will Diageo put fully recyclable paper bottles into use?(5) What will happen if people cut down trees to make paper bottles?五、阅读填空（本大题共2小题，共20.0分）Today scientists are trying to make robots look like humans and do the same things as we do. There (1)(be) alrea

42、dy robots working in factories. Some robots can do simple (2)(job) over and over again and never get bored. Scientists believe that there will be more robots in the future and these new robots will have many different shapes. However, they agree it may take hundreds of years(3)(make) it come true.(1

43、) (2) (3) Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. It usually falls (1)the first day of the first month in the Chinese calendar. It is a time for family members to enjoy being together.The most popular food for the festival is dumplings. Just as an old saying goes, Nothing tastes(2)(

44、good) than dumplings. Also, many people believe eating dumplings will make them rich, because the food looks like yuanbao. People usually put a coin or a candy inside a dumpling. They believe that the person will be (3)(luck) in the new year when he/she gets the dumpling.(1) (2) (3) 六、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共

45、30.0分）为丰富学生的校园生活，初二年级学生会将举办一场才艺表演（Talent Show)。假如你是学生会成员李华，你打算邀请交换生Peter 参加。请根据海报内容给他写一封邀请函，告知他具体时间、地点、活动安排，以及他需要做的准备。根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。提示词语：songs, play the guitar, interesting, practice提示问题：When and where will you have the talent show?What will you do o

46、n that day?What do you advise him to prepare for it?Dear Peter,How is it going? I am writing to invite you to our English talent show. _Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua新年伊始，某英文网站正在征集同学们的新年愿望（New Years Resolutions)。假如你是李华，请分享新的一年你在健康、学业等方面的目标，以及你将为此采取的措施。根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给

47、出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。提示词语：health, work hard, improve, important提示问题： What are your New Years resolutions? How are you going to keep your resolutions?My New Years ResolutionsNew Years Resolutions are promises to ourselves. _答案和解析1.【答案】D【解析】句意：学生们非常喜欢他们的班级。他们总是保持教室干净。A.He他；B.She她；C.We我们；D

48、.They他们。the students为复数，此处用they指代。故选D。2.【答案】B【解析】句意：你想看这部电影吗？请在这个星期五之前告诉我。A.in后跟年，月，季节等；B.by在之前；C.at接具体时刻；D.to向，到。根据上文Would you like to see the movie?可知没有发生，(想看的话)在星期五之前告诉我，故选B。3.【答案】B【解析】句意：Jack每天去跑步，所以他相当健康。or或者；so所以；but但是；until直到。句中he is quite healthy.是Jack goes running every day的结果，所以用连词so。4.【答案

49、】A【解析】句意：你星期六下午可以来我的聚会吗？当然可以，我很乐意去。Can可以，能够；May也许；Must必须；Need需要。这里是邀请对方来参加聚会，用情态动词can。5.【答案】A【解析】句意：十年前，我在一个小镇当记者。根据ten years ago可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选A。6.【答案】C【解析】句意：如果明天下雨，我们打雪球会玩得很开心。分析句子结构可知，本句含if引导的条件状语从句，应遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时表将来。主语是it，动词用第三人称单数形式，故选C。714.【答案】A、B、A、C、D、C、D、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是记叙文，主

50、要讲述了作者跟随父亲一起去了一个新城市定居，他被新同学孤立，感到很悲伤，这是他的爷爷告诉他，不要让自己取悦别人。从那时起，他从未为了取悦别人而放弃真正的自我。1.句意：新房子比旧房子大得多，漂亮得多，但我很不高兴。A.unhappy不开心；B.excited激动的；C.angry生气的；D.interested感兴趣的。根据下文All my friends were hundreds of miles away and the classmates in my new school seemed unfriendly.（我所有的朋友都在几百英里之外，我新学校的同学似乎都不友好。）可知，我不高兴

51、。故选A。2.句意：但我似乎很难在他们中间受欢迎。A.important重要的；B.popular受欢迎的；C.creative有创造力的；D.talented有天赋的。根据下文I felt so lonely that I sometimes cried myself to sleep.（我感到很孤独，有时哭着入睡。）可知，是不受欢迎。故选B。3.句意：在我意识到这一点之前，我不再像以前那样努力学习了。A.stopped停止；B.practiced练习；C.tried尝试；D.kept保持。根据下文I started doing less homework and refused to ta

52、lk about school life with my family.（我开始少做作业，拒绝和家人谈论学校生活。）可知，此处是说不再像以前那样努力学习了。故选A。4.句意：家里第一个注意到我的变化的人是我的爷爷。A.worries担心；B.decisions决定；C.changes变化；D.excuses借口。根据上文I started doing less homework and refused to talk about school life with my family.（我开始少做作业，拒绝和家人谈论学校生活。）可知，这里是说变化。故选C。5.句意：我们讨论了这件事，他给了我一生

53、中最好的建议。A.plan计划；B.wish希望；C.gift礼物；D.advice建议。根据下文“Dont (6) yourself to please others.”（不要为了取悦他人而迷失自我。）可知，这里是给出了建议。故选D。6.句意：不要为了取悦他人而迷失自我。A.help帮助；B.scare害怕；C.lose失去；D.enjoy享受。根据上文Always be your best self（做你自己）可知，此处是说不要迷失自己。故选C。7.句意：后来，我发现自己反复思考他的话，最后，我听从了他的建议。A.shared分享；B.noticed注意；C.needed需要；D.foll

54、owed遵循。根据下文I got down to work, got excellent grades and I also joined some sports clubs. （我认真工作，成绩优异，还参加了一些体育俱乐部。）可知，此处是说听从了爷爷的建议，做真实的自己，没有为了取悦别人而迷失自己。follow ones advice接受某人的建议。故选D。8.句意：所以，我爷爷是对的。A.kind善良的；B.right正确的；C.honest诚实的；D.serious严肃的。根据上文Slowly, I found myself a good company of students who

55、truly cared about me and soon I met my best friend. All these people made me smile and I enjoyed every day at school.（慢慢地，我找到了一群真正关心我的学生，很快我就遇到了我最好的朋友。所有这些人都让我微笑，我在学校的每一天都很开心。）可知，作者听从了爷爷的建议后，自己的生活变得更美好。可知，爷爷是对的。故选B。1518.【答案】D、C、B、A【解析】【文章大意】本文是四个人Lara, Bob, Jenny和Jim对未来生活的不同方面进行讨论。1.根据Lara的介绍There w

56、ont be much land, so there will be big cities underwater, and we will travel in submarines(潜艇).（不会有很多土地，所以水下会有大城市，我们将乘坐潜艇旅行）可知，Lara预测将来人们会坐潜艇旅行。2.根据Jenny的描述We will put them in our clothes and use our voices to control them.（我们会把它们放在我们的衣服里，用我们的声音来控制它们。）可知，Jenny认为我们会用声音控制电脑。3.根据Jim的描述I think the earth

57、 will become a cleaner place in the future because we will drive cars with the energy(能源) from the sun.可知，Jim认为未来地球会变得更清洁，因为我们将使用来自太阳的能量驾驶汽车。4.通读全文可知，本文是四个人Lara，Bob，Jenny和Jim对未来生活的不同方面进行讨论。所以四个孩子正在讨论未来世界的样子。1921.【答案】A、C、B【解析】【文章大意】本文主要讲述了Johnny和朋友们一起搭建纸板箱时发生了冲突，后来又和好的故事。1.根据第二段Then he walked away in

58、 anger and left his friends Katie and Max alone.（然后他愤怒地走开了，留下他的朋友凯蒂和马克斯独自一人。）可知，Johnny生气了。故选A。2.根据第五段When he started again, he found it was just too big a job. He couldnt make the buildings out of boxes, put them around the town, and decorate (装饰) them all by himself. It would take way too long.（当他再

59、次开始时，他发现这是一项太大的工作。他无法用盒子建造建筑，将它们放在城镇周围，然后自己装饰。这会花太长时间。）可知，这项工程太巨大，他没法独自完成。故选C。3.本文主要讲述了Johnny和朋友们一起搭建纸板箱时发生了冲突，他准备独自完成却发现工程量很大，他不能做到，后来朋友们又加入了进来，每个人分工合作，最终完成了的故事。这告诉我们人多力量大。故选B。2225.【答案】A、C、D、C【解析】【文章大意】本文主要讲述了家庭锻炼的好处和如何开始的建议。1.根据第三段When children see physical activities as an enjoyable thing to do t

60、ogether, they may keep family exercise as a family-time tradition as they grow up.（通过共同锻炼，您可以鼓励团队合作，共同努力实现共同目标，这有助于教导团队设定目标的重要性。）可知，主要谈论的是建立团队合作。故选A。2.根据倒数第三段Then allow your child to choose the next family physical activity.（然后让您的孩子选择下一个家庭体育活动。）可知，孩子们应该在决定家庭运动方面发挥作用。故选C。3.根据第四段Parents are great enco