物流英语课后.英汉译

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业专心-专注-专业精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业物流英语课后习题第一单元Unit1It is through the logistical process that materials flow into the vast manufacturing capacity of an industrial nation and products are distributed through marketing channels to consumers.正是通过物流的过程原材料才得以流入工业国家巨大的制造机器中，产品才

2、得以通过市场这个渠道流向顾客。Logistics is complex. In China alone, the market structure involves more than 20 million retailing networks and more than 2 million wholesalers networks.物流复杂极了。仅在中国的市场上就有2000多万个零售网点和200多万个批发网点。One expert holds the view that logistics is an iceberg , only the top of which is seen. What

3、 is unseen is much bigger.有一位专家认为，物流是一座冰山，人们只看到了冰山的水面上那部份，水下未见得那部份更大。The overall goal of logistics is to achieve a targeted level of customer service at the lowest possible total cost.物流的整体目标是以最低的成本取得预期的顾客服务的水平。In the beginning, companies that could afford inventory were able to satisfy customer dem

4、and. 在早期，有库存能力的公司能够满足顾客的要求。The distribution or market channel is perhaps the least understood business area.配送渠道或市场渠道也许是人们知道得最少的商业领域。Quite a number of companies achieved success by creating value throughout domestic and global supply chains.相当多的公司通过遍及国内和全世界的供应链创造价值而获得成功。Logistics has huge impact on

5、domestic and global economy .物流对国内经济和全球经济有巨大的影响。The international Red Cross operates like a mobile warehouse.国际红十字会的工作就像一个活动的仓库。More than USD 25 million was spent on logistics for the summer Olympics in Atlanta , Georgia. 在佐亚州的亚特兰大举行的夏季奥运会上，物流的费用为2500多万美元。The basic concepts of logistical management

6、are applicable throughout private and public enterprise activities .物流管理的基本概念适用于所有私营企业和公用企业。Logistics has become a profession that values strategic thinking ,analytical skills , and the use of technology -based tools.物流已经变成一种职业，注重战略思维、分析技术和采用技术型工具。The appearance of foreign companies will contributes

7、 to the development of logistics in China.外国公司的出现将有助于物流在另的发展。Logistics plays a very important role in promoting economic development.物流对经济的发展起了很大的推动作用。I like to carry out detailed analysis of a problem.我喜欢对问题进行详细的分析。Nowadays ,people in logistics business have an income higher than the average .现在从事物

8、流行业的收入高于平均数。To ensure the time liness of logistics ,it is important to keep a certain level of inventory.为了保证物流的及时性，就要求一定的库存存在。第二单元Unit2In customer service performance ,availability means providing a product or material on a predictable basis.在客户服务绩效方面，可用性就是在预测的基础上提供产品或原料。Availability depends on kee

9、ping a safe stock and how fast the stock is filled up according to orders. 可用性取决于安全库存以及根据订货填满库存有多快。Performance is the ability to achieve a predetermined speed ,consistency and flexibility in delivery .绩效是交付货物时达到预期的速度、取得一致性和灵活性的能力。The development and maintenance of quality performance are based on co

10、ntinuous measurement of logistical operations .质量绩效的开发和维持是以对物流作业持续不断的衡量为基础的。Logistics in industrialized countries is now the last frontier for increasing benefits in industrial production .工业化国家的物流现在是增加工业生产利润的最后空间。It is important to fully understand customer service deliverables when establishing lo

11、gistical strategy.在确定物流策略时，完整理解客户服务的可交付性是重要的。Basic customer service is defined in terms of availability ,performance and reliability .基本的客户服务是从可得性、绩效和可靠性三方面来衡量的。Little else is significant if the customer，s expectations are not fully met.如果客户的期望值没有完全实现，其它任何东西就都不重要了。Logistical performance should be mo

12、dified over time to accommodate changing marketing requirements.物流绩效应随时调整，以适应不断变化的市场需求。A fundamental quality issue in logistics is the ability to comply to levels of planned inventory availability and operational performance.物流中的基本质量问题就是能够遵守计划库存可得性的水平和操作绩效。In todays industrial society ,it is a unive

13、rsally acknowledged fact that logistics is playing a more and more important role.在今天的工业社会里,物流扮演的角色越来越重要,这已有共识.Realization of customers expectation is a core strategy of successful logistics.实现顾客的期望值是成功物流的一个核心战略.Achievement of logistics high efficiency cant be realized without physical vehicles cont

14、inuous in technology .实现物流高效率离不开实物运输工具在技术上的不断改进.The ultimate in logistics quality is to do everything right and do it right the first time.物流的最终质量要求就是把每件事都做对并在第一时间做对.Foodstuffs are typical convenience products.食物是典型的方便性消费品.Automobiles and houses are products that people can buy after careful deliber

15、ation汽车,房子是人们要经过深思熟虑后才能购买的产品.By the end of this year, the companys profits must be very substantial with increasing market expansion. 因为市场的不断开拓,公司今年年底的效益一定非常可观.Many firms are trying to create their unique brand in order to guide customerss preference .许多公司都在努力创造自己的特色品牌以引导消费者偏好.Products can be divide

16、d into two categories; industrial products and consumer products.产品可以分为工业用品和消费用品两种Effective products distribution patterns can save a great deal of time for the whole logistics process. 有效的产品配送模式能够给整个物流过程节省大量时间.第三单元Unit3Transport may account for one-third to two-thirds of total logistics costs.交通运输可

17、能占整个物流成本的1/3到2/3.The choices available to the users typically include the five major transport modes (air, truck, rail, water, and pipe) and their combinations .用户一般可以选择五大运输模式,也可以互相结合运用.The cost characteristics vary from one mode to another and determine their rate structures. 几个模式的成本的特点各有千秋,决定了费率结构

18、有所不同.On the other hand ,carrier performance is based on the extent of shipment handling at terminals and inherent speed of the carrier.另外一方面,船舶绩效取决于码头上的装卸能力以及船本身的速度.The transportation equipment is the same as that used domestically , with the exception that certain 某种 elements of the transport syste

19、m have become more important.运输设备和国内所用的一样,但运输系统的某些要素变得更为重要.Fortunately , there exist middlemen, agents freight forwarders , and brokers to assist the shipper with international movement .幸运的是,有许多中间商代理商货代和经纪人帮助托运人进行国际贸易往来.Transportation is a vital component in the design and management of logistic sy

20、stems. It may account for one-third to two-thirds of total logistics costs.运输是物流系统中设计和管理的一个重要部分.可能占整个物流成本1/3到2/3.The cost characteristics vary from one mode to another and determine their rate structures .几个模式的成本的特点各有千秋,决定了费率结构有所不同.Rates are based primarily on three factors-distance, shipment size a

21、nd competition . 费率主要由三方面决定-运输距离船运货物的大小以及市场竞争.Cost allocation is one of the many factors that affect pricing. 成本分配是影响定价的诸多因素之一. The shippers perspective about it is important, though it is chiefly something that the carriers should pay attention to. 虽然这主要是承运人应当注意的事情,但托运人的看法也很重要.Aside from exceptiona

22、l circumstances , transport rates must at least cover variable costs. 除例外的情况,运输费率至少必须弥补变动成本.The user of the international transportation system may feel overwhelmed by the increased documentation , by differences in carrier liability , by various customs procedures and the use of foreign trade zones

23、 .国际运输系统的用户面对越来越厚的文书,不同的承运责任,不一样的海关手续和外贸区的适用规则感到手足无措.We have to divide large shipments into small ones我们得把大宗货物分成小批量.第四单元Unit4This does not mean the more you have in the form of inventory, the richer you are.这并不意味着以库存的形式存放的货物越多,你就越富.The interest accrues on the capital invested in the carrying invento

24、ry.利息随着投资在存货上的本金的多少而增减.In many countries, taxes are levied on the average inventory level on a specificday of the year.许多国家按一年中某一特定的日子的平均库存水平征收税款.Obsolescence means the deterioration of product in storage and is not covered by insurance .损耗指仓库中的产品老旧了,这是不包含在保险范围内的.The storage cost incurs in respect o

25、f product holding.储存成本产生于产品保管.For the time being we are concerned only with the question of how much we have to pay for obsolescence cost.这里我们仅关心我们要有多少无形损耗费的问题.Not many people are driving pickups of that vintage and we dont keep stocks of any spark plugs for such old cars.没多少人开那些年出的皮卡了,我们没有这种老爷车的火花塞

26、.Im sure they will transport it by air and you can get it on the same day.他们肯定会空运的,当天就能收到.This means the more you have in the form of inventory, the more you have to pay to keep the inventory.这意味着以库存的形式储存的越多,你为了保持库存所付出的就越多.The logic behind it is that the cash to replace capital invested in inventory

27、 can be purchased in the money market.其暗含的逻辑是代替投资在库存上的本金的现金可在货币市场买到.Inventory is viewed as playing a role in the value-added process. 库存被认为是增值的一个手段.Overstock of the inventory will incur expenses not only in warehousing, but also in many aspects .库存过量不仅增加仓储方面的费用,也增加其他方面的费用.On(the )one hand ,capital c

28、ost increases with the lot size. On the other hand, the interest accrues on the capital invested in the carrying inventory.一方面本金随着批量大小而改变;另一方面,利息随着投资在运输存货上的本金的多少而增减.In inventory planning, we should be able to answer three basic questions.在对库存做计划方面,我们需要考虑三个基本问题.Insurance cost is a direct levy normall

29、y based on estimated risk or exposure over time.保险费一般根据预计风险或风险次数直接征收.第五单元Unit5The packaging is strong enough to stand rough handling.这种包装很坚固,足以承受粗放的装卸.Owing to improper packaging ,the goods are terribly damaged.由于不适当的包装,货物严重受损.We hope the packaging will be of a brighter color.我们希望包装的颜色再鲜艳一点儿.We have

30、 especially reinforced our packaging in order to minimize the extent of any possible damage to the goods.为使货物可能遭到的损害减到最小,我们已对包装进行了特别加固.You shall be held liable for any loss resulting from improper packaging.因包装不善而造成的损失应当由你方负责.Could you improve the packaging?你们能否改进一下包装?You will surely find our produc

31、ts packaging beautiful and well-done.你一定发现我们产品的包装美观讲究.A product should be not only fine in quality, but also attractive in packaging.一种商品不但要质量好,而且包装要有吸引力.Id like to hear what you say concerning the matter of packaging.我很想听听你们就包装问题发表的意见.The crux of packing lies in protecting the goods from water.包装的关

32、健在于防水.Our containers are recyclable .我们的容量都是可回收利用的.第六单元Unit6However, the emergence of the supply chain management concept has, enlightened many managers about the strategic role played by purchasing .然而,供应链管理概念的出现使许多管理人员从采购所起到的战略性作用中受到启发.Purchased goods and services are one of the largest elements o

33、f costs for many firms.许多公司的购买货品和服务昌成本的最大几个部分之一.Stockouts of raw materials or component parts can shut down a production plant .原材料告罄或零部件告急都会导致一个生产厂家关门待产.Without effective purchasing practices , operations in a firm may be disrupted , customer service levels may fall, and long-term customer relation

34、ship may be damaged.缺乏富有成效的采购,公司的动作就会陷入混乱,客户服务水平也会下降,长期的客户关系就会受损.Excessive inventory will ultimately result in higher than necessary total logistics cost.过多的存货量将最终导致物流总成本超支.第七单元Unit7Information technology(IT) consists of the hardware and software used throughout a supply chain to gather and analyze

35、information.信息技术包括了在整个供应链中收集和分析信息的软件与硬件设备.By the way, what does it mean by n/a顺便问一下,这里的n/a是什么意思? It means “Not available” or “Not acceptable” if you like.就是”无法获得”或”无法接受”的意思,这随你的意愿.In our company, information is of critical importance .在我们公司信息至关重要Our company has a perfect customer service information

36、 system.我们公司有一个十分完善的客户服务信息系统.We can now perform real time tracking of containers with barcodes painted on them and laser scanners installed in container terminals .通过在集装箱上油漆条形码和在各集装箱码头安装激光扫描仪,我们现在能够对集装箱进行实时的跟踪.An information system generally consists of hardware and software.一个信息系统通常包括硬件和软件.Supply c

37、hain information systems (scis) are the thread that links logistics activities into an integrated process .供应链信息系统是将物流活动连接成一个综合过程的线条.The major objective for logistics organization is to achieve coordination among logistics activities for their planning and control.物流组织的主要目标是在物流各个活动之间取得协调以便计划和控制.Some

38、times the inventory manager increases his levels of inventory to meet the requirement of a less expensive but slower means of transport.有时候,库存经理增加库存量以达到价格低廉但速度较慢的运输方式的要求.Information flow was often overlooked because it was not viewed as being critical by customers.信息流经常被忽视,因为客户认为信息流不是关健.The speed of

39、 information exchange/transfer was limited to the speed of paper at that tome当时,信息交换/转移的速度受制于纸张的速度.第八单元Unit8Supply chain is defined as a network composed of factories, suppliers, retailers, etc. that supply to each other raw material, components, products and service.供应链的定义是一个网络,它包含了工厂供应商零售商等等,它们互相给

40、对方提供原材料零部件产品和服务. While logistics is not a new thing, supply chain management is comparatively a new idea.虽然物流不是一件新鲜事,供应链管理相对来说却是一个新名词.Supply chain management means the design, planning and control of the information flow, movements of goods and money with a view to strengthening competitiveness .供应链

41、管理指为了增强竞争力而对信息流通货物移动和货币的流通进行设计策划和控制.The idea of supply chain management was first forward in the 1980s on the basis of experiences and lessons from the past practice .供应链管理的概念最早出现在20世纪80年代,是在总结过去实践活动的经验和教训的基础之上提出的.To achieve this goal, he set out to develop the worlds first complex vertically integr

42、ated firm.为了实现这个目标,他开始着手发展世界上首家机构复杂垂直一体化的综合性公司.As time passed, Ford discovered that specialized firms could perform most essential work as well as or better than his own bureaucracy .随着时间的推移,福特发现专业公司在开展大部分的必要工作时做得和自己的企业一样好,或者更出色.Fords purpose was to cut costs from the global supplier base, while exp

43、anding its role as a consumer organization.福特的目的是降低其在全求供应基地的成本,同时扩大其作为消费者组织的角色.The current situation is quite intricate , specialized technology and human resource are needed.当前的形势复杂,越来越需要专门的技术和人才.To raise the competitiveness of company, it is necessary to introduce advanced technology.提升企业的竞争力,就要不断

44、吸引好的技术.A truck is at the warehouse gate. Go and find what will be discharged. 仓库门口有一辆卡车.你去那去看看在卸什么货.In the later part of the 20th century, Ford Motor Company began to rely on specialist logistics companies for logistics service.20世纪后期,福特汽车公司开始依赖专业物流公司提供物流服务.第九单元Unit9Maritime shipping is a key link i

45、n international logistics.海上运输是国际物流的一个重要环节.A great quantity of cargo is shipped by bulk carriers, which can be chartered on the tramp market on a time basis or on voyage basis.大量的货物是通过散货船运输的,可以用期租或程租的方式在不定期船市场上租船.A lot of cargo is shipped by huge container ships running on fixed lines around the wor

46、ld.许多货物是通过环绕全球固定航线航行的大型集装箱船来运输的.As far as outbound flow of products from manufacturers is concerned , the container ships are most frequently used.就厂商出口到外国的产品而言,集装箱船是使用频率最高的.Id like to book three seats for dinner.我想为晚餐预订三个座位.Her paintings are being shown at a gallery in London.她的画正在伦敦的一个美术馆里展出.I alw

47、ays take price into consideration when buying a car.我买汽车时总要考虑价钱.According to John you were in China Last week.据约翰说,上星期你在中国.The minister issued a statement to the press.部长向新闻界发表了声明.you can now take the Bill of Lading together with all the documents required by the Letter of Credit to the negotiating

48、谈判 bank to exchange for money from the buyer.现在你就可以拿着提单以及信用证要求的所有单证去议付行换取买方的货款.The new container line is another link across the Strait .新集装箱航线是海峡两岸又一根纽带.When the shipping company accepts your space booking, you will receive in due time a Container Load Plan.如果船公司接受了订舱,到时候你就会收到装货单.When exporting goo

49、ds, you have to buy insurance for them.出口货物前应当为货物投保.This forwarding agent offers LCL service.这家货代公司提供拼箱服务.The second mate will make a stowage plan.二副将制作一份积载图.As long as you understand, we shall say no more about it .只要你们明白了,这个问题我们就不再多说了.If another 40container is stowed upon the two, damage will occu

50、r .当上面再放一个40箱子时,势必会把箱子给折扣了.第十单元Unit10One of the major functions of TPL companies is known as supply chain management.众所周知,第三方物流公司的主要功能之一被称为供应链管理.The objectives of supply chain management are to reduce overall costs, minimize lead time, minimize inventory levels and cost, improve service level and streamline goods and information flows