2023年中考英语语法讲解与练习：现在完成时（无答案）

1、现在完成时基本结构have/has(助动词)+done（动词的过去分词）意义和用法表示过去发生或者已经完成的某个动作对现在产生的影响或结果，常与already, just, yet, ever, before等状语连用。例如：肯：I have already read the book. 否：I havent read the book yet. 疑：-Have you read the book yet? - Yes, I have./No, I havent.Mother has just cleaned the house.Have you ever met each other bef

2、ore?表示开始于过去，持续到现在，还有可能继续持续下去的动作或者状态，此时谓语动词多为延续性动词，如 this week, these days, recently, so far, in the past/last few years等。也与“for+时间段”或者“since+时间点” “since+从句”的状语连用。例如：He has learnt many English words these days. They have seen 4 films recently.Great changes have taken place in Handan in the past/last

3、few years.She has helped me a lot since two years ago. We have lived here since 2000.She has taught in the school for ten years. “since+从句”: 从句要用一般过去时，主句要用现在完成时。I have lived in Handan since I came here. 三延续性动词和瞬间性动词(终止性动词)1)延续性动词：work, stand, know, keep, have, wait, sleep, sing, live, walk, read, wa

4、tch2)瞬间性动词：die, arrive, close, become, come, fall, leave, go, buy, borrow, lend, begin, start, join注：瞬间性动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能用表示一段时间的状语来修饰，要把动词或者时间状语做适当调整，句子才能合理。如：The old man died three years ago. The old man has been dead for three years.3)常见的瞬间性动词后接一段时间时，须进行如下转换1.动词变动词buy-have, borrowkeep, becomebe, ma

5、ke friendsbe friendscatch a coldhave a cold I have had this bike for a week. (buy) Mary has kept this book since last Monday. (borrow)2.动词变为“be + adj./adv.”beginbe on, get marriedbe married, leavebe away, open/closebe open/closed, finishbe over, fall illbe illdiebe dead The film has been on since te

6、n minutes ago. (begin) They have been married since they came to Handan. (get married)3.动词变为“be+介词短语”joinbe in(be a member of), put onbe in He has been in/has been a member of the army for three years. (join)四、区别have/has been to, have/has gone to 和 have/has been inhave/has been (to) 过去曾经去过某地（常跟次数搭配）

7、，人现在已回。have/has gone（to） 去了某地，人未回have/has been in已在某地呆了多久， 常与时间段的时间状语连用。牛刀小试：The Greens_ New York for ten years.Mr. Smith loves travelling. He _many countries.-I saw Mr. White in his office just now.-It cant be him. He _ Xian and will come back next Friday.五、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：现在完成时强调过去的动作与现在的关系，即对现在造成的

8、结果或影响，不能和具体的表示过去的时间状语连用；而一般过去时则只表示过去的事实，和现在没有关系。例如:Iwatched a movie last Sunday. 上周日我看了一部电影。（仅说明过去某一时间发生的动作）-Would you like to watch the movie Zootopia with me?-Id like to, but I have seen it. 我已经看过了。（强调“看过电影”对现在产生的影响，不想再去看了）Exercises标黄为标志词，红色为语境提示.用所给词的适当形式填空。1.I_(visit)theHistory Museumtwice.Ivele

9、arnedalotthere.2. He _(learn) to paintfor5 yearsandhepaintswell.3. My mother _(be) a good example since I was young.4. Its nice to see you again. We _(not see) each other for a long time.5. - Id like to introduce my best friend to you, Peter. - Thank you, Nancy. But we _ (meet) already. 6. Recently

10、I _ (write) three poems by myself. 7. His mother looks so angry. Maybeshe_(know) the result of this exam. 结果或影响8. -May I borrow your dictionary? I left mine at home.结果或影响 -Sorry, I _(lend) it to Monica.9. -Have you read this book? -Yes, I _ (read) it last week.10. The old man _(die) two years ago. T

11、he old man _(die) for two years.单项选择。（ ）1. He _ the school basketball team since two years ago.A. joined B. was C. has joined D. has been in（ ）2. MissZhang,themostbeautiful teacher, _manyflowersandlettersthesedays. A.received B.willreceive C. receives D.hasreceived（ ）3. Just go down this road and yo

12、u _ the library next to the bank. A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see（ ）4. We _ from our English teacher since he moved to Beijing .A. didnt hear B. havent heard C. hadnt heard D. dont hear（ ）5. Over fifty countries _ the AIIB ( 亚投行 ) so far.A. joined B. was joining C. had joined D. have joined（

13、）6. The girl sitting next to me on the plane is very nervous, because she _ before . A. hasnt flown B. hadnt flown C. doesnt fly D. wasnt flying（ ）7. Someone _ at the door. Can you open it? A. knocks B. knocked C. is knocking D. was knocking（ ）8. Benisaforeignteacher.Sofar,he _ in Chinaforfiveyears.

14、 A.wasteaching B.hastaught C.willteach D.taught（ ）9. This medicine _ millions of peoples lives since it was put into use.A. is savingB. will saveC. has savedD. had saved（ ）10. Inthepastfewyears,there _ greatchanges in my hometown.A.havebeen B.were C.hadbeen D.are（ ）11. I _ the shops. Can I get you a

15、nything?go to B. went to C. have gone to D. am going to （ ）12. -HaveyouwatchedthemovieCoco?-Yes,I _ itlastnightwithmysister.A.havewatched B.watched C.willwatch D.waswatching（ ）13.Monica,you_ theexam! Congratulations!结果或影响 A.pass B.havepassed C.willpass D.arepassing（ ）14.-Yunnanisverybeautiful.I_ther

16、elastyear. -Yes,I _ theretwice. A.went;havegone B.went;havebeen C.havegone;went D.havebeen; went（ ）15. Ken _ his jacket in the gym. He has to get it back.A. left B. leaves C. is leaving D. was leaving（ ）16. -Wherearetheflowers? -Yousee,someone _themtothe window. A.moves B.hadmoved C.hasmoved D.would

17、move（ ）17. Your sweater looks nice. Where _ you _ it? A. do; get B. did; get C. will; get D. have; got（ ）18. DontreturnthevideotoPeter. I _ it. 结果或影响 A.dontwatch B.wontwatch C.haventwatched D.wasntwatching（ ）19. Please dont make so much noise. The baby _. A. sleeps B. slept C. will sleep D. is sleep

18、ing（ ）20. -When _ you _ here? - Two days ago. A. did; come B. have; come C. will; come D. do; come（ ）21. Miss Brown, we _cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now?A. finish B. finishing C. are finished D. have finished（ ）22. - Hi, Jane. Is your mother at home? - Just a minute! She _ flowers in the

19、garden.A. plant B. is planting C. planted D. was planting（ ）23. You _ a cough for a long time. Youd better go and see a doctor. A. have caught B. caught C. have had D. catch（ ）24. The water _ dark and dirty. Its no longer safe to drink.结果或影响A. became B. has becomeC. will become D. was becoming（ ）25.

20、 We _, so we should help parents do some housework.A. grow up B. grew up C. will grow up D. have grown up（ ）26. It will be hard for us to get up in the morning if we _ to bed too late.主将从现 A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone（ ）27. We are very proud of Chinese Womens national volleyball team now, b

21、ecause they _ the Olympic gold medal with great efforts.结果或影响A. win B. will win C. won D. have won（ ）28. People _ too much from the earth , but given too little in return .A. take B. took C. will take D. have taken（ ）29. I dont feel very well, Jack . Im afraid you _ me your cold.结果或影响A. give B. had

22、given C. have given D. would give（ ）30. How happy the grandparents are! -Yes, they _ for 50 years. A. have been married B. have married C. have got married D. married（ ）31. It _ usually _at this time of the year, but it is raining heavily. A. is; raining B. wont rain C. has; rained D. doesnt; rain（

23、）32.-Howlong _ your brother_ thiscamera?-Fortwoweeks. A.have;boughtB.have;had C.has;had D.has;bought（ ）33.-Theboymisseshis parentsvery much. -Sohedoes. They_thehometownfornearlytwoyears.A. left B. have left C. were away from D. have been away from（ ）34. -Mum,IwanttowatchLegal Report onChannel1.-Oh,d

24、ear,it_forafewminutes.Come on!A.hasbegun B.willbegin C.hasbeenon D.willbeon （ ）35. -Howlonghaveyou_ themotorbike? -Forabouttwoweeks.A.bought B.had C.borrowed D.lent（ ）36. -Whereisyourfather,Bruce? -He _Shanghai.Hellbebackin3 days. A.hasbeento B.hasgonetoC.wentto D. has been in（ ）37.（2015年河北中考题）Paula is pleased that she _ her lost watch. finds B.find C.willfind D.has found 结果或影响（ ）38.（2016年河北中考题） Ourteam_anotherpoint! Iamsurewellwinthegame. 结果或影响A.willget B.hasgot C.isgetting D.wasgetting（ ）39.（2017年河北中考题）Wow! You _ dinner! Lets eat it now.结果或影响A.cook B.are cooking C.will cook D.have