流体动力学fluid dynamics专业词汇

1、流体动力学 fluid dynamics定理 Kelvheorem连续介质力学 mechanics of continuous media涡片 vortex sheet介质 medium-条件 Kutta-Zhoukowski condition流体质点 fluid particleBlasius solution休斯解无粘性流体 nonviscous fluid, inviscid fluid佯廖 dAlembert paradox连续介质假设 continuous medium hypothesis雷诺数 Reynolds number流体运动学 fluid kinematics鲁数 St

2、rouhal number水静力学 hydrosics随体导数material derivative液体静力学 hydrosicspressible fluid不可压缩流体erning equationconservation of mass支配方程质量守恒方程 Bernoulquation动量守恒conservation of momentum定理 Bernonlli theorem能量守恒conservation of energy-定律 Biot-Savart law动量方程momentum equation方程 Euler equationenergy equation能量方程定理 H

3、elmholtz theoremcontrol volume亥姆控制体积液体静压 hydrosic prere涡线vortex line涡量拟能 enstrophy涡面vortex surface压差 differential prere涡层vortex layer flowvortex ring涡环stream linevortex pair流线涡对流面stream surface涡管vortex tube流管stream tube涡街vortex street迹线path, path line卡门涡街 Karman vortex streetflow field马蹄涡 horseshoe

4、vortex流场flow regime对流涡胞 convective cell流态参量 florameter卷筒涡胞 roll cell流量 flow rate, flow discharge涡 eddy涡旋 vortex涡粘性 eddy viscosity涡量 vorticity环流 circulation涡丝 vortex filament环量 circulation速度环量 velocity circulation三维流 three-dimenal flow偶极子 doublet, dipole准定常流 quasi-steady flow驻点 stagnation po非定常流 unst

5、eady flow, non-steady flow总压力 total preretransient flow暂态流总压头 total headperiodic flow周期流静压头 sic head振荡流oscillatory flow总焓 total enlpy分层流stratified flow能量输运 energy transport无旋流irroional flow速度剖面 velocity profileroional flow有旋流流 Couette flow轴对称流 axisymmetric flow单相流 single phase flow不可压缩性pressibility单

6、组份流ponent flow不可压缩pressible flow均匀流 uniform flow浮体 floating body非均匀流 nonuniform flow定倾中心 metacenter二维流 two-dimenal flow阻力 drag,减阻 drag reduction附加质量 added mass ,assoted mass表面力 surface force收缩 contraction表面张力 surface ten镜象法 image method毛细管作用 capillarity无量纲参数 dimenless parametering flow几何相似 geometric

7、 similarity来流流 free stream运动相似 kinematic similarity流线 free stream line动力相似性 dynamic similarity外流external flow平面流 plane flowentrance, inlet势 potential进口exit, outlet势流 potential flow出口扰动disturbance, perturbation速度势 velocity potential分布distribution复势 complex potentialpropagation复速度 complex velocitydisp

8、er流函数 stream function色散disper源 source弥散汇 sink叶栅流cascade flow速度水头 velocity head非平衡 non-equilibrium flow拐角流 corner flow细长体slender bodyflowslenderness空泡流细长度超空泡 superbluody钝头体超空泡流 superflow钝体bt body空气动力学 aerodynamics翼型airfoil低速空气动力学 low-speed aerodynamics翼弦chord高速空气动力学 high-speed aerodynamics薄翼理论 thin-a

9、irfoil theory气动热力学 aerothermodynamicsconfiguration构型亚声速 subsonic flow后缘trailing edge跨声速 transonic flow迎角angle of attack超声速 suic flow失速stallconical flow脱体激波 detached shock wave锥形流楔流 wedge flow波阻 wave drag诱导阻力 induced drag喷管 Nozzle诱导速度 induced velocity-流 Prandtl-Meyer flow临界雷诺数 critical Reynolds numbe

10、r瑞利流Rayleigh flow前缘涡 leading edge vortex compressible flow可压缩附着涡 bound vortex可压缩流体 compressible fluid约束涡 confined vortex绝热流 adiabatic flow气动中心 aerodynamic center非绝热流 diabatic flow气动力 aerodynamic force未扰动流 undisturbed flow气动噪声 aerodynamic noise等熵流 isentropic flow气动加热 aerodynamic heating匀熵流 homoentrop

11、ic flow离解 dissotion-条件 Rine-Hugoniot condition地面效应 ground effect状态方程 equation of se气体动力学 gas dynamics量热状态方程 caloric equation of se稀疏波 rarefaction wave完全气体 perfect gas热状态方程 thermal equation of se喷管 Laval nozzle角Mach angle反射reflection锥Mach cone折射refraction线Mach line散射scatteringMach numberdiffraction数衍

12、射Mach wavediffraction波绕射当地数 local Mach number出口压力 exit prere冲击波shock wave超压强 ovrere激波 shock wave反压back prere正激波 normal shock waveexplo斜激波 oblique shock wavedetonation爆轰头波 bow wave缓燃deflagration附体激波 attached shock wave水动力学 hydrodynamics激波阵面 shock front液体动力学 hydrodynamics激波层 shock layer不稳定性 Taylor ins

13、tability压缩波 compreswave波 Gerstner wave盖波 Stokes wave椭圆余弦波 cnoidal wave瑞利数 Rayleigh number潮波tidal wave面 free surface涌波surge wavewave speed, wave velocity破碎波 breaking wave波速wave height船波 ship wave波列wave train非线性波 nonlinear wave波群wave group孤立子 soliton波能wave energy水动力噪声 hydrodynamic noise表面波 surface wav

14、e水击 water hammer表面张力波 capillary wave空化 caviion规则波 regular wave空化数 caviion number不规则波 irregular wave空蚀 caviion damage浅水波 shallow water wave超空化流 supercaviing flow深水波 deep water wave水翼 hydrofoil重力波 gravity wave水力学 hydraulics洪水波 flood wave排放量 discharge涟漪 ripple壅水曲线 back water curve消能 energy dissipation压

15、强水头 prere head海洋水动力学 marine hydrodynamics过水断面 flow cross-section公式 Chezy formula明槽流 open channel flow数 Euler numberorifice flow数Froude number无压流 free surface flow水力半径hydraulic radius有压流 prere flowhvdraulic slope缓流 subcritical flow水力坡度elevating head急流 supercritical flow高度水头水头损失head loss渐变流gradually v

16、aried flow水位 water level急变流raly varied flow水跃 hydraulic jump临界流critical flow含水层 aquiferdensity current, gravity flow异重流排水 drainage堰流 weir flow掺气流 aerated flow分离流separated flow含沙流 sediment-laden stream二次流secondary flow降水曲线 dropdown curve近场流near field flow沉积物 sediment, deitfar field flow远场流沉降堆积 sedime

17、nion, deitionstagnation flow滞止流沉降速度 settling velocity尾流wake flow稳定性 flow stability回流back flow不稳定性instability反流reverse flow奥尔-方程 Orr-Sommerfeld equationjet射流vorticity equation射流 free jet涡量方程Poiseuille flow管流 pipe flow, tube flow奥辛流 Oseen flow内流ernal flow剪切流 shear flow拟序结构coherent structure viscous fl

18、owbursting pros粘性猝发过程层流 laminar flowapparent viscosity表观粘度运动粘性kinematic viscosity驻涡 standing vortex动力粘性dynamic viscosity涡旋破碎 vortex breakdown泊 poise涡旋脱落 vortex shedding厘泊 centipoise压力降 prere drop厘沱 centistoke压差阻力 prere drag剪切层 shear layer压力能 prere energy次层 sublayer型阻 profile drag分离 flow separation滑移

19、速度 slip velocity层流分离 laminar separation无滑移条件 non-slip condition湍流分离 turbulent separation壁剪应力 skin friction, frictional drag分离点 separation po壁剪切速度 friction velocity附着点 attaent po磨擦损失 friction loss再附 reattaent磨擦因子 friction factor再层流化 relaminarization耗散 dissipation起动涡 starting vortex滞后 lag相似性解similar s

20、olution边界层转捩boundary layer transition局域相似local similarity边界层分离boundary layer separation气体润滑gas lubrication边界层厚度boundary layer thickness液体动力润滑 hydrodynamic lubrication位移厚度 displacement thickness浆体 slurry动量厚度 momentum thickness数 Taylor number能量厚度 energy thickness-方程 Navier-Stokes equation焓厚度 enlpy thi

21、ckness流体 Newtonian fluid注入injection边界层理论 boundary later theorysuction吸出边界层方程 boundary layer equation涡 Taylor vortex边界层 boundary layer速度亏损律 velocity defect law附面层 boundary layer形状因子 shfactor层流边界层 laminar boundary layer测速法 anemometry湍流边界层 turbulent boundary layer粘度测定法 viscosi metry温度边界层 thermal bounda

22、ry layer显示 flow visualization油烟显示 oil smoke visualization风洞 wind tunnel流量计 orifice meter激波管 shock tube频率响应 frequency response激波管风洞 shock tube wind tunnel油膜显示 oil film visualization水洞 water tunnelshadow method拖曳水池 towing阴影法纹影法schren method旋臂水池 roing arm basin烟丝法smoke wire method扩散段diffuser丝tuft metho

23、d测压孔prere tapnydrogen bubble methodpitot tube氢泡法皮托管相似理论 similarity theory普雷斯顿管 preston tube相似律 similarity law管 Stanton tube部分相似 partial similarity管 Venturi tube定理 pi theorem, Buckingham theoremU 形管U-tube静态校准 sic calibrationmanometer压强计动态校准 dynamic calibrationmicromanometer微压计多管压强计 multiple manometer

24、时间线 time line静压管sic preretube脉线 streak line流速计anemometer尺度效应 scale effectPitot- sic tube壁效应 wall effect风速管测速计 laser Doppler anemometer,堵塞 blockage激光laser Doppler velocimeter堵寒效应blockage effect流速计 hot-wire anemometer动态响应dynamic response热膜流速计 hot- film anemometer响应频率response frequency流量计 flow meter底压

25、base prere粘度计 viscosi meterFick law菲克定律涡量计 vorticity meter巴塞Basset force传感器 transducer, sensor数Eckert number压强传感器 prere transducer数 Grashof number热敏电阻 thermistorNut number努塞特数示踪物 tracerprandtl number数雷诺比拟Reynoldsogy传导 conduction数sidt number热传导conductive heat transfer数Stanton number热交换heat exchange对流

26、 convection临界热通量 critical heat flux对流 natural convection, free convec-tion浓度 concentration强迫对流 forced convection扩散 diffu热对流 heat convection扩散性diffusivity质量传递mass transfer扩散率diffusivitymass transfer coefficient扩散速度 diffuvelocity传质系数heat transfer分子扩散 molecular diffu热量传递传热系数heat transfer coefficient沸腾b

27、oiling对流传热convective heat transfer蒸发evaporation辐射传热radiative heat transfer气化gasificationmomentum transfercondensation动量交换凝结energy transfernucleation能量传递成核计算流体力学 compuional fluid mechanics狄雷边界条件 Dirichlet boundarycondition多重尺度问题 multiple scale problem熵条件 entropy condition方程 Burgers equation远场边界条件far

28、field boundary condition对流扩散方程 convection diffuequationinflow boundary condition流入边界条件KDU 方程 KDV equation无反射边界条件 nonreflecting boundary condition修正微分方程 modified differential equation数值边界条件 numerical boundary condition等价定理 Lax equivalence theorem流出边界条件 outflow boundary condition数值模拟 numerical simulat

29、ion冯.条件 vonann condition大涡模拟 large eddy simulation近似因子分解法 approximate factorization method数值粘性 numerical viscosityartifil compres人工压缩非线性不稳定性 nonlinear instability人工粘性artifil viscosity稳定性分析 Hirt stabilityysis边界boundary element method相容条件consistency condition配置方法collocation methodCFL 条件能量法 energy meth

30、odCourant- Friedrichs- Lewy condition ,CFL condition有限体积法 finite volume method流体网格法 fluid in cell method, FLIC method准谱法 pseudo-spectral method通量校正传输法 flux-corrected transportmethod随机选取法random choice method通量矢量分解法 flux vector splitting method激波捕捉法shock-capturing method伽辽金法 Galerkethodshock-fitting m

31、ethod激波拟合法积分方法egral method谱方法 spectral method标记网格法 marker and cell method, MAC method稀疏矩阵分解法 split coefficient matrix method特征method of characteristics不定常法 time-dependent method直method of lines时间分步法 time splitting method矩量法 moment methodvariational method变分法多重网格法 multi- grid methodvortex method涡方法板块法 panel method隐格式implicit scheme质点网格法 particle in cell method, PIC method显格式explicit scheme质点法 particle method交替方向隐格式predictor-corrector methodalternating direction implicit scheme, ADI scheme预估校投影法 projection method反扩散差分格式 anti-diffudifferencheme紧差分格式 compact differencheme全变差下降格式守恒差分格