八年级下第三单元学案

1、过去进行时讲解与习题1.概念过去进行时是表示过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或发生的动作,可以从两个方面来理解：1 过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。如： They were playing football at ten oclock yesterday morning.My mother was cooking when I got home. I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday. 2 过去某阶段持续进行的动作。 如：I was staying at home last weekend.常与过去某一特定的时间状语连用，如 last

2、 night, at that time, at 8:00 yesterday, last Sunday 等。 也有时没有时间状语，要通过上下文的暗示来确定用过去进行时。E.g. The students all worked hard. Everyone knew what he was working for. 另外，也可用于when/while引导的时间状语从句中。但在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行时。如：It was raining when they left the hospital. Jenny was reading while Danny

3、 was writing. 2.句型结构肯定句：主语 + was/were + 动词现在分词(doing) + 其他. 如：I was playing basketball at 6:30 yesterday. He was playing the piano at that moment. They were doing homework at 8:00 last night 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 动词现在分词（doing） + 其他 如： I wasnt playing basketball at 6:30 yesterday. He wasnt playin

4、g the piano at that moment. They werent doing homework at 8:00 last night. 一般疑问句： Was/Were + 主语 + 动词现在分词(doing) + 其他？ 如： Were you playing basketball at 6:30 yestetday? -Yes, I was./No, I wasnt. Was he playing the piano at that moment? -Yes, he was./No, he wasnt. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句？ 如： What were yo

5、u doing at 8:00pm yesteday? Where was he working at that time? 注：其句式变化仍然要在be上做文章练习 用所给动词的正确形式填空。Jim _(write) a letter at that moment.When the telephone _(ring),she _(do) her homework.When I _(leave) the part,the people _(enjoy) themselves.4._ they_ (feed) the animals at 5:00 yesterday afternoon?5. M

6、rs.Green _ _ (not wash) clothes at this time yesterday.6. Grandpa _ _ (mend) his clock when I reached home.7.As I _ (walk) in the park, I saw some children playing games.、单选1 What _ from three to four yesterday afternoon? A have you done B had you done C did you do D were you doing2 I call you yeste

7、rday evening, but there was no answer.- Oh., Im sorry I _ dinner at my friends home.A home B had C was having D have had3 My mother _ while my father _TV.A cooked; was watching B was cooking; was watching C was cooked; watched D cooked; watched4 When I got home, my son _ the music.A am listening to

8、B listened to C was listening to D was listening5 We heard a cry when we _ TV last night.A were watching B would watch C watch D watched6 Could you tell me when _?A she is coming B she was coming C will be come D is he coming7 The teacher _ when I came into the classroom.A is drawing B draws C has d

9、rawn D was drawing8 Nobody noticed what she _ at the moment.A will do B was doing C has done D had done9 Was it raining hard when you _ this morning?A left B leaves C was leaving D would leaveUnit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?when，while 都有“当时候”的意思。when既可表示某一点时间，也可以表示某一段时间 。在when引导的时间状语

10、从句中，其谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生，也可在其后发生。例如：1、I was just reading a book when she came into my room.她走进我房间时，我正在看书。2、Were you writing when the teacher came in?老师进来的时候，你在写信吗？3、When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas.他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。（二）、while只能表示某一段时间，不能表示某一点时间。在while引导的时间状语从句中，其

11、谓语动词只能是延续性的，而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。例如：1、While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him.正当吉姆修自行车时，林涛来看他。 2、You cant do your homework while youre watching TV.你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。（三）、另外，when和while的区别还在于：while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态，而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。例如：1、While they were talking , the bell rang.正在他们谈话的时候

12、，上课铃响了。2、I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening.昨天晚上妈妈回家的时候，我正在做家庭作1.take place和happen的区别take place 表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排，例如： Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years. The Olympic Games of 2008 will take pla

13、ce in Beijing. happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件，例如： What happened to you? (一般不说：What did you happen?) Maybe something unexpected happened. I happened to see him on my way home. = It happened that I saw him on my way home.2.think over,think of和think about区别think of 考虑；关心；想起 think about 考虑；思考 think over 仔

14、细考虑 。3.what和how引导的感叹句what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式： 1. What+a(an)+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！或是：What+名词词组+主语+谓语！如： What an apple this is! What a fine day it is! 2. What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！ What kind women they are! What nice music it is! 由How引导的感叹句。 how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是：How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！ How hard the worker

15、s are working! How clever the girl is! How quickly the boy is writing! what与how引导的感叹句，一般情况下可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。如： What an interesting story it is!=How interesting the story is! what a beautiful building it is!=How beautiful the building is! 在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。如： What a nice present!（省略it is） How disappoi

16、nted!（省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语）in front of与in the front ofin front of在.的前面，指在这一事物的前面。其反义词为behind，意为“在后面”in the front of在.（范围内）的前面，指在这一事物内部的前面。其反义词组为at the back of ，意为“在（范围内）的后部”reach，get to与arrive1.reach作“到达”讲时，一般为及物动词，后面直接加地点2.get to也是“到达”的意思，一般直接加地点3.arrive作“到达”讲时，是不及物动词，当它后面接宾语时，需加上介词at或in at后接较小的场所

17、（如，镇家，店）；in后接较大的场所（如国家，大都市等）Section B基本结构happen表示“发生，碰巧” （1）happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事指事情意外或偶然地发生 （2）happen to sb. 某人发生了什么事Another 1another作形容词，其后面一般接可数名词，用来指三者或三者以上的“另一个”another 2.若another与数词连用，后面要跟复数名词，意为“又，还，再”3.another还可用作代词，指不定数目中的另一个one.the other, the other, others， the other1.one.the other 指两者中的“一个，另一个”2.the others指“其余的”，表示在一个范围内的其他全部。3.others与some对比使用，意为“有些”而不是“其他”4.the other是指其中的另一个Self-checkreading everyday与every dayeveryday是一个形容词，意为“每天的，日常的”只作定语，即用来修饰名词。