2005年考研英语二真题和答案

1、2005年考研英语二真题和答案2005年1月份MBA联考英语真题SectionIVocabularyDirections:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1withapencil(10points)1.Advertisersoftenaimtheircampaignsatyoungpeopleasthe

2、yhaveconsiderablespending.A.powerB.forceC.energyD.ability2.Weveboughtsomechairsforthegardensothattheyareeasytostoreaway.AadaptingBadjustingCbendingDfolding3Thenewspeedrestrictionswerea_debatedissue.AheavilyBhotlyCdeeplyDprofoundly4HischangeofjobhashimwithanewchallengeinlifeAintroducedBinitiatedCpres

3、entedDled5No_yourehungryifyouhaventeatensinceyesterday.AmatterBsurpriseCwonderDproblem6Thepianistplayedbeautifully,showingarealforthemusic.AfeelingBunderstandingCappreciationD.sense7ThebossintoarageandstartedshoutingatRoberttodoashewastold.AflewBchargedC.rushedDburst8.Politiciansshouldneverloseofthe

4、needsofthepeopletheyrepresentAviewBsightCregardDprospect9Theemployeestriedtosettlethedisputebydirectwiththeboss.AnegotiationBconnectionCassociationDcommunication10.Youhaventheardallthefactssodon，ttoconclusionseAdashBjumpCmuchDfly11-IamawareoftheneedtoobeytherulesofthecompetitionAgreatlyBfarC.muchDwe

5、ll12Themanagerhasalwaysattendedtotheofimportantbusinesshimself.AtransactionBsolutionCtranslationD.stimulation13.Asisknowntoall,acountrygetsa(an)fromtaxes.A.incomeB.revenueCfundD.payment14.Thegovernmenthasdecidedtoreduceonallimports.A.feeB.chargeCtariffD.tuition15.Theneedforfinancialprovisionnotonlyt

6、oproducersbutalsotoconsumers.A.connectsB.linksC.associatesD.relates16Theabilityofbanktocreatedepositsisdeterminedbytheratioofliquidassetswhichthey_AmountBcontainCremainDmaintain17.ThefirstseriousprospectofacureforAids,aitreatmentwhichdelaysitseffects,haemergedrecently.AotherthanBratherthanCmorethanD

7、.lessthan18Hisparentsdiedwhenhewasyoung,sohewasbyhisgrandma.AbredBbroughtCfedD.grown19TheJapanesedollar-buyingmakestraderseagertodollarsinfearofanothergovernmentintervention.AletinBletoutCletgoofDletoff20ThelocalpeoplecouldhardlythinkofanygoodwaytothedisasterofthewarAshakeoffBgetoffCputoffDtakeoffSe

8、ctionIICloseDirections:Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1withapencil.(15points)Afewdecadesago,theworldbankingcommunityinventednewElectronicFundsTransfer(EFT)systemstomovemoneymoreefficientlyacrosscountriesanda

9、roundtheglobe.The_21_benefitofsuchsystemswasto_22_thefloatofcapitalthatwasunavailablefor?_23_checkswerebeingclearedthroughbanking_24_.Today,weunderstandthatbenefitsofelectronicbankingarefarmore_25_thanjustreducingfloatingcash.Theworldofbanking26revolutionizeDItis27moreefficientandfaster,butmoregloba

10、l.Andnow_28_theInternet,EFTsystemsareincreasingly_29_withthenewworldofe-commerceande-trade._30_1997and2003,EFTvalue31fromlessthan$50trilliontonearly$40trillion,morethanthe_32_economicproductofallthecountriesandterritoriesoftheentireworld.Thesestatistics_33_shouldemphasizethetrueimportanceoftransnati

11、onalEFTSatellite,wireless,andcable-basedelectronicfundtransfers_34_thehubofglobalenterprise.Suchelectroniccashis_35_centraltotheideaofanemerging“worldwidemind”WithoutinfrastructuretoelectronicfUnds,wouldgrindtoa21.A.hidingCdrivingAintroduceCproduceAwhichC.whileAmechanicsCproceduresAextensiveCprofoun

12、d26AisChasbeen27AfarCjustonlythesatelliteandfibersupporttheflowoftheworldeconomyhalt.BgettingDgivingBreduceDincreaseBthatDwhereBmethodsDsystemsBintensiveDgreatBhasDhadbeenBevenDnot28AwithBbyCforDon29AlinkedBintegratedCcontrolledD.joined30ABetweenBInC.FromD.Among31AdecreasedBraisedC.elevatedDsoared32

13、.A.grossBacceleratedC.combinedDcollective33AlonelyBaloneC.onlyDmerely34ApresentBrepresentC.reserveDcomprehend35AsoBneverthelessCthereafterD.thereforeSectionIIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingfourpassages.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachpassagebychoosingA,B,C,andD.MarkyouransweronANSWERSHEE

14、T1withapencil.(15points)Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Workingatnonstandardtimesevenings,nights,orweekendsistakingitstollonAmericanfamilies.One-fifthofallemployedAmericansworkvariableorrotatingshifts,andone-thirdworkweekends,accordingtoHarrietB.Presser,sociologyprofessorattheUniversity

15、ofMaryland.Theresultisstressonfamilialrelationships,whichislikelytocontinueincomingdecades.Theconsequencesofworkingirregularhoursvaryaccordingtogender,economiclevel,andwhetherornotchildrenareinvolved.Singlemothersaremorelikelytoworknightsandweekendsthanmarriedmothers.Womeninclerical,sales,orotherlow

16、-payingjobsparticipatedisproportionatelyinworkinglateandgraveyardshifts.Married-couplehouseholdswithchildrenareincreasinglybecomingdual-earnerhouseholds,generatingmoresplit-shiftcouples.School-agedchildren,however,maybenefitfromparentsnonstandardworkschedulesbecauseofthegreaterlikelihoodthataparentw

17、illbehomebeforeorafterschool.Ontheotherhand,acorrelationexistsbetweennonstandardworkschedulesandbothmaritalinstabilityandadeclineinthequalityofmarriages.Nonstandardworkinghoursmeanfamiliesspendlesstimetogetherfordinerbutmoretimetogetherforbreakfast.One-on-oneinteractionbetweenparentsandchildrenvarie

18、s,however,basedonparent,shift,andageofchildren.Thereisalsoagreaterrelianceonchildcarebyrelativesandbyprofessionalproviders.Workingnonstandardhoursislessachoiceofemployeesandmoreamandateofemployer.Presserbelievesthattheneedforswingshiftsandweekendworkwillcontinuetoriseinthecomingdecades.Shereportstha

19、tinsomeEuropeancountriestherearesubstantialsalarypremiumsforemployeesworkingirregularhours-sometimesasmuchas50%higher.Theconvenienceofhavingservicesavailable24hoursadaycontinuestodrivethistrend.Unfortunately,saysPresser,theissueisvirtuallyabsentfrompublicdiscourse.Sheemphasizestheneedforfocusedstudi

20、esoncostsandbenefitsofworkingoddhours,thephysicalandemotionalhealthofpeopleworkingnightsandweekends,andthereasonsbehindthenecessityforworkingthesehours.“NonstandardworkschedulesnotonlyarehighlyprevalentamongAmericanfamiliesbutalsogeneratealevelofcomplexityinfamilyfunctioningthatneedsgreaterattention

21、,”shesays.WhichofthefollowingdemonstratesthatworkingatnonstandardtimesistakingitstollonAmericanfamilies?Stressonfamilialrelationships.Rotatingshifts.Evenings,nights,orweekends.DItsconsequences.Whichofthefollowingisaffectedmostbyworkingirregularhours?Children.Marriage.Singlemothers.Workingwomen.Whowo

22、uldbeinfavorofthepracticeofworkingnonstandardhours?AChildren.BParents.CEmployeesDProfessionalchildproviders.Itisimpliedthattheconsequencesofnonstandardworkschedulesare.emphasizedBabsentneglectedprevalentWhatistheauthorsattitudetowardsworkingirregularhours?Positive.Negative.Indifferent.Objective.Ques

23、tions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Mosthumanbeingsactual1ydecidebeforetheythink.Whenanyhumanbeingexecutive,specializedexpert,orpersoninthestreetencountersacomplexissueandformsanopinion,oftenwithinamatterofseconds,howthoroughlyhasheorsheexploredtheimplicationsofthevariouscoursesofaction?Answer:

24、notverythoroughly.Veryfewpeople,nomatterhowinte1ligentorexperienced,cantakeinventoryofthemanybranchingpossibilities,possibleoutcomes,sideeffects,andundesiredconsequencesofapolicyoracourseofactioninamatterofseconds.Yet,thosewhopridethemse1vesonbeingdecisiveoftentrytodojustthat.Andoncetheirbrainslocko

25、ntoanopinion,mostoftheirthinkingthereafterconsistsoffindingsupportforit.Averyserioussideeffectofargumentativedecisionmakingcanbealackofsupportforthechosencourseofactiononthepatofthe“losing”faction.Whenonefactionwinsthemeetingandtheothersseethemselvesaslosing,thebattleoftendoesntendwhenthemeetingends

26、.Anger,resentment,andjealousymayleadthemtosabotagethe4ecisionlater,ortoreopenthedebateatlatermeetings.Thereisabetter.AsphilosopherAldousHuxleysaid,“Itisntwhoisright,butwhatisright,thatcounts.”Thestructured-inquirymethodoffersabetteralternativetoargumentativedecisionmakingbydebate.WiththehelpoftheInt

27、ernetandwirelesscomputertechnologythegapbetweenexpertsandexecutivesisnowbeingdramaticallyclosed.Byactuallyputtingthebrakesonthethinkingprocess,slowingitdown,andorganizingtheflowoflogic,itspossibletocreatealevelofclaritythatsheerargumentationcannevermatch.Thestructured-inquiryprocessintroducesalevelo

28、fconceptualclaritybyorganizingthecontributionsoftheexperts,thenbringstheexpertsandthedecisionmakersclosertogether.Althoughitisntpossibleornecessaryforapresidentorprimeministertolisteninoneveryintelligenceanalysismeeting,itspossibletoorganizetheexpertsinformationtogivethedecisionmakermuchgreaterinsig

29、htastoitsmeaning.Thisprocessmaysomewhatresembleamarketingfocusgroup;itsasimple,remarkablycleverwaytobringdecisionmakersclosertothesourceoftheexpertinformationandopinionsonwhichtheymustbasetheirdecisions.4lFromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthat.executive,specializedexpert,arenomorecleverthanpersoninthes

30、treetBveryfewpeopledecidebeforetheythinkCthosewhopridethemselvesonbeingdecisiveoftenfailtodosoDpeopletendtoconsidercarefullybeforemakingdecisionsJudgingfromthecontext,whatdoestheword“them”(line4,paragraph2)referto?Decisionmakers.The“losing”faction.Anger,resentment,andjealousy.Otherpeople.AldousHuxle

31、ysremark(Paragraph3)impliesthat.AthereisasubtledifferencebetweenrightandwrongBwecannottellwhoisrightandwhatiswrongCwhatisrightismoreimportantthanwhoisrightDwhatisrightaccountsforthequestionwhoisrightAccordingtotheauthor,thefunctionofthestructured-inquirymethodis.tomakedecisionbydebatetoapplytheInter

32、netandwirelesscomputertechnology.Ctobrakeonthethinkingprocess,slowingitdownDtocreatealevelofconceptualclarityThestructured-inquiryprocesscanbeusefulfor.decisionmakersintelligenceanalysismeetingCtheexpertsinformationDmarketingfocusgroupsQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Sportisheadingforan

33、indissolublemarriagewithtelevisionandthepassivespectatorwillenjoyaprivateparadise.Allofthiswillbeinthefutureofsport.Thespectator(thetelevisionaudience)willbethepriorityandprofessionalclubswillhavetoreadjusttheirstructurestoadapttothenewreality:sportasabusiness.Thenewtechnologieswillmeanthatspectator

34、swillnolongerhavetowaitforbroadcastsbytheconventionalchannels.Theywillbetheoneswhodecidewhattosee.Andtheywillhavetopayforit.IntheUnitedStatesthesystemofthefuturehasalreadystarted:pay-as-you-view.Everythingwillbeofferedbytelevisionandthespectatorwillonlyhavetochoose.ThereviewSportsIllustratedrecently

35、publishedafullprofileofthelifeofthesupporterathomeinthemiddleofthenextcentury.Itexplainedthattheconsumerswouldbeabletoselecttheirviewofthematchonagigantic,flatscreenoccupyingthewholeofonewall,withimagesofaclaritywhichcannotbeforeseenatpresent;theycouldwatchfromthetrainersstandsjustbehindthebatterina

36、gameofbaseballorfromthehelmetofthestarplayerinanAmericanfootballgame.Andattheirdisposalwillbethesaneoptionstheproduceroftherecordedprogrammerhastoselectreplays,tochoosewhichcameratomeandtodecideonthesoundwhethertohearthepublic,theplayers,thetrainerandsoon.Manysportsexecutives,largelytoooldandtoocons

37、ervativetofeelathomewiththenewtechnologieswillbelievethatsportmustcontroltheexpansionoftelevisioncoverageinordertosurviveandensurethatspectatorsattendmatches.Theydonotevenaccepttheevidencewhichcontradictstheirviewwhilethereismorebasketballthaneverontelevision,forexample,itisalsocertainthatbasketball

38、ismorepopularthanever.Itisalsotheargumentofthesesportsexecutivesthattelevisionharmingthemodestteam.Thisistrue,butthefutureofthoseteamsisalsomodest.Theyhavereachedtheirceiling.Itisthelawofthemarket.Thegreateventscontinuallyattractlargeraudience.TheworldIbeingconstructedonnewtechnologiessothatpeopleca

39、nmaketheutmostuseoftheirtimeand,intheirhomehaveaccesstothegreatestpossiblerangeofrecreationalactivities.Sportwillhavetoadaptitselftothenewworld.Themostvisionaryexecutivesgofurther.Thatphilosophyis:ratherthanseetelevisiontakeoversportwhynothavesportstakenovertelevision?46.Whatdoesthewritermeanbyuseof

40、thephraseanindissolublemarriage”inthefirstparagraph?A.sportiscombinedwithtelevision.Bsportcontrolstelevision.televisiondictatessports.DSportandtelevisionwillgotheirownways47Whatdoes“they”inline2paragraph2standfor?Broadcasts.Channels.CSpectators.DTechnologies.48Howdomanysportsexecutivesfeelwiththenew

41、technologies?A.theyaretoooldtodoanything.BTheyfeelillatease.Theyfeelcompletelyathome.DTechnologiescangohandinhandwithsports.49Whatisgoingtobediscussedinthefollowingparagraphs?A.thephilosophyofvisionaryexecutives.BTheprocessoftelevisiontakingoversport.Televisioncoverageexpansion.Anexampletoshowhowspo

42、rthastakenovertelevision.50.Whatmightbetheappropriatetitleofthispassage?A.theargumentsofsportsexecutives.BThephilosophyofvisionaryexecutives.CSportsandtelevisioninthe21stcentury.DSports:abusiness.Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Conveniencefoodhelpscompaniesbycreatinggrowth,butwhatisitse

43、ffectonpeople?Forpeoplewhothinkcookingwasthefoundationofcivilization,themicrowaveisthelastenemy.ThecommunionofeatingtogetherIseasilybrokenbyadevicethatliberateshouseholdscitizensfromwaitingformealtimes.Thefirstgreatrevolutioninthehistoryoffoodisindangerofbeingundone.Thecompanionshipofthecampfire,coo

44、kingpotandcommontable,whichhavehelpedtobondhumansincollaborativelivingforatleast150000yearscouldbedestroyed.Mealshavecertainlysatedfromtheriseofconveniencefood.TheonlymealsregularlytakentogetherinBritainthesedaysareattheweekend,amongrichfamiliesstrugglingtoretainsomethingoftheoldsymboloftogetherness

45、.Indeed,thedaysfirstmealhasallbutdisappeared.Inthe20thcenturytheleisureBritishbreakfastwasunderminedbythecornflake;inthe21stbreakfastisvanishingaltogetheravictimofthequickcupofcoffeeinStarbucksandthecerealbar.Conveniencefoodhasalsomadepeopleforgethowtocookoneoftheapparentparadoxesofmodernfoodisthatw

46、hiletheamountoftimespentcookingmealshasfallenfrom60minutesadayin1980to13Madayin2002,thenumberofcooksandtelevisionprogrammeroncookinghasmultiplied.Butperhapsthisisntaparadox.Maybeitisbecamepeoplecantcookanymore,sotheyneedtobetoldhowtodoit,ormaybeitisbecausepeoplebuybooksabouthobbies-golf,yachting-not

47、aboutchores.Cookinghasceasedtobeachoreandhasbecomeahobby.Althougheverybodylivesinthekitchen.itsfacilitiesareincreasinglyfordisplayratherthanforuse.Mr.Silversteinsnowbook,”tradingup”lookatmid-rangeconsumersmillingnowtosplashout.Hesaysthatindustrial-styleVikingcookpot,withnearlytwicetheheatoutputofoth

48、erranges,havehelpedtopushthe“kitchenastheater”trendinhourgoods.Theycostfrom$1000to$9000.Some75%ofthemareneverused.Conveniencealsohasanimpactonthehealthiness,orotherwise,offood,ofcoursethereisnothingbadaboutreadytoeatfooditself.Youdontgetmuchhealthierthananapple,andsupermarketssellabetterforyouTOC o

49、1-5 h zrangeofready-meals.Butthereisalimittothenumberofapplespeoplewanttoeat;andthesedaysitiseasierforpeopletoeatthekindoffoodthatmakesthemfatThethreeHarvardeconomistsintheirpaper“whyhaveAmericansbecomemoreobese?”pointoutthatinthepast,ifpeoplewantedtoeatfattyhotfood,theyhadtocookit.Thattooktimeanden

50、ergyagoodchipneedsfryingtwice,oncetocookthepotatoandoncetogetitcrispy.Whichdiscouragedofconsumptionofthatcostoffood.Masspreparationoffoodtookawaythatconstraint.Nobodyhastocutanddoublecooktheirownfriesthesedays.Whohasthetime?51.Whatmightthepreviousparagraphsdealwith?ATherelationshipbetweenmealsandconveniencefood.BTheimportanceofconveniencefoodinpeopleslife.Theriseofconveniencefood.Thehistoryof