三段式作文法

1、 NUMPAGES 6备考2012写作专题1 三段式作文法重点诠释：所谓三段式就是将一篇书面表达按三段的写作模式谋篇布局。就整体篇章结构而言，如何把握较大的写作空间，三段式的写作模式为最佳选择。三段式的模式写法通常为：第一段开门见山，提出要解决的问题或观点，或者把时间，地点，人物和主要事件及时点出。第二段要摆出事实或提出论据，或者把事情发展的经过详细写出来。最后一段，得出结论或理由。注意：要学会使用过渡词。过渡词犹如“桥梁”和“粘合剂 ”。恰当地使用过渡词可避免结构松散，层次分明，表意不清等弊端，使文章条理清楚，文字连贯流畅。常用的过渡词有：递进型： also, (and)besides, w

2、hats more, moreover, furthermore, in addition, even, whats worse, worse still, to make matters worse, for the worse, not only but also等；解释型：that is (to say), in other words, or，namely, if fact, in reality, as a matter of fact等；转折型：however, but, yet, nevertheless, instead, on the coutrary,on the othe

3、r hand 等；列举型：firstlysecondlyfinally, on the one hand, on the other hand, for one thing, for another 等举例型：for example, for instance, such as, that is, like, take for example等；因果型：because (of), since, now that, thanks to, due to; thus, therefore, as a result (consequence),so that, so that等；让步型：though,

4、 although, in spite of, despite 等；顺序型：firstnextand thenfinally, firstthenafter thatfinally 等；并列型：and, bothand, or, eitheror, as well as, 等时间型：afterwards, soon, later, the moment/ immediately/ on doing, hardlywhen, no soonerthan 等总结型：in a word, to sum up, in short, on the whole, in conclusion 等见解型：in

5、 my opinion, personally speaking, as far as I am concerned，Im sure 等条件型：if, as long as, so long as, on condition that , unless 等写作典例：假设你是李越，你的加拿大笔友Steve来信说，他和他的一些同学正在学中文，请你推荐两本学中文的词典。根据下表提供的信息，请你给他写一封回信。英汉词典新华字典收词（字）18000（英语）20000 （汉语）10000 价格 52元11元 特点大量例子，用法说明，适合初学者中国最常用的汉语字典注意：1。词数：100左右； 2参考词汇：推

6、荐recommend; 英汉词典The English-Chinese Dictionary (ECE);新华字典 Xinhua Dictionary (XD)Dear Steve, Yours Li Yue 分析：此篇书面表达属于实物说明文，其篇章结构可按三段式进行写作。本文的第一段，可用直接的叙述“Im so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese”.正文即可作为第二段，其主要内容是对两本词典的一些介绍。结束语即可作为第三段。应将两本词典的特点表达准确，以便加拿大笔友Steve作出合理选择。表达时

7、，文章的基本时态可考虑用一般现在时。范文：Dear Steve, Im so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese. Id like to recommend the following two dictionaries.The English-Chinese Dictionary is really a good one for beginners. It has 18,000 English words and 20,000 Chinese words, besides plenty of ex

8、amples, it has many notes telling you how to use a word. Xinhua Dictionary is the most popular Chinese dictionary, and it has a vocabulary fo 10,000 words. It may also be useful to some advanced learners of Chinese. Of the two, ECD is more expensive. It costs 52 yuan,and XD costs 11 yuan. Please let

9、 me know if you want me to buy one for you. Yours, Li Yue 针对练习：（用三段式表达，注意用过渡词）1目前，地球面临水资源危机，请根据一下提示写一篇100词左右的短文。人们以为淡水是取之不尽的实际上淡水是非常紧张的人类应该怎样办Global Shortage of Fresh WaterMany people believe that the worlds supply of fresh water will never be used up. They think that fresh water comes from such a v

10、ariety of sources that it is always sufficient for use. Such an opinion leads to a shocking waste of water.As a matter of fact, the earth is short of fresh water. Furthermore, with the rapid growth of the world population, the rising demand for water by industry, and the serious pollution of our sur

11、roundings, the world is facing the ganger of running out of fresh water. Actually, in some big cities, fresh water can not meet the daily needs.Therefore, to find new ways to save water is an urgent task. First, we should pass strict laws to control any waste of water. Second, scientists must work e

12、ven harder to purify sea water, and try to find substitute to reduce the use of fresh water.2这几年，“考生该不该复读”这个话题一直为社会各界所关注。下表是你班同学讨论的结果，请你给英文报社写一封信，客观介绍讲座情况，并简要阐述自己的观点。 多数同学认为 少数同学认为1.不该复读 1.应该复读2.对应届生不公平 2.可以考上好大学3.增加家庭经济负担 3.有利于未来就业4.精神压力大 4.上何种大学是人生重要转折点要求： 1.信的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 2.词数： 120左右.Dear Edit

13、or: Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether students retake classes after failing the college entrance examination. Yours truly, Li HuaDear Editor, Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether students retake classes after failing the college entrance

14、 examination. Opinions are various on the question. Many students are against the idea of retaking classes. They think it unfair for the students who take the exam for the first time. Besides, it also adds the family burden. So many of them suffer mental pressure as well as economic problems. Others

15、 think that it can be done because through one more year of hard study, they can make better preparations and may get a chance to enter their ideal universities. After all, the kind of university they enter, an important turning point in life, will directly affect their future employment. However, I

16、 think, this depends on different situations. If one student has no chance to be admitted to one university, maybe he can choose to retake classes. Yours truly, Li Hua 3最近几年越来越多的大学生加入打工的队伍，请你结合下表，就这一现象写一篇短文。 现象1根据最近调查，约25的大学生打零工2在暑假，这一数字将增至723大学生常做的零活有：家教、服务员、售货员等 原因4想赚钱支付一部分日益增长的学费5想经济上独立，买一些自己想买的东

17、西意义(内容由考生自己拟定) 6 78 注意： 1词数：120左右。文章的开头已为你写好。2参考词汇： 调查survey; 家庭教师tutor; 学费tuition; 经济地economically; 视野outlookAccording to a recent survey,_According to a recent survey, about 25 percent of college students have a part-time jobDuring summer vacation, this figure will increase to 72 percent. College

18、students are working as tutors, waiters or salesmen. Why do they want part-time jobs？First，they want to earn money to help cover the increasingly higher college tuition. Second, they hope to be economically independent and buy whatever they want. Third, In my opinion, by doing part-time jobs, colleg

19、e students can gain some society experience and broaden their outlook. Whats more, part-time jobs can provide them with a valuable chance/opportunity to know the outside world. So its of great significance for college students to do part-time jobs.4最近，网上展开一场关于“教科书是否要循环使用”的辩论。假如你是Li Hua，请你向报社写信谈谈你自己的

20、一些想法。要点如下：（1.）据说我国的教科书寿命一般是半年，而美国则是五年。这说明浪费严重；（2.）我国有两亿两千万学生，每年要用三十亿本教科书，这就需要消耗一千一百万棵树木。如果将教科书的寿命在延长一年的话，那么将节省好多树木；（3.）许多贫困家庭的学生买不起教科书，如果将不用的教科书赠给他们岂不是更好？（4.）你的看法（至少两点）。要求：（1）.语句通顺，结构合理；（2）.开头和结尾已给出，不记入总词数（字数：150左右）（3）.参考词汇：lifespan 寿命Dear Editor,Recently there has been an argument about the reuse o

21、f textbooks on the internet. _Best wishes,Yours truly,Li HuaOne possible version:Dear Editor,Recently there has been an argument about the reuse of textbooks on the internet. I am writing to talk about it.As we all know, the average lifespan of a copy of a textbook is only half a year in our country

22、 while in America it is five years or so, which shows we waste too much. There are 220 million students consuming 3 billion textbooks each year, so about 11 million trees are needed to produce them! If the lifespan of textbooks could be extended for one more year, a large number of trees could be sa

23、ved each year. In addition, many children from poor families cant afford textbooks. Will it be good if we can afford them to reuse the books?So I suggest that all of us should encourage students to take care of their textbooks, and not only does it do good to us but also to nature. At the same time,

24、 this can also help us develop awareness of thriftiness.52008上海高考英语卷写作题：你班将组队参加学校组织的集体舞比赛（group dancing competition）,班长希望大家积极参与。对此谈谈你的看法。你的文章必须包括以下内容：l. 你是否会参加比赛；2. 你做出该决定的具体理由。Version 1:A group dancing competition will be held in our school and the monitor calls on everybody to take an active part

25、in it. While most of my classmates are still hesitating whether to participate, I have said yes to our monitor with great pleasure.Generally speaking, there are two reasons for my decision. First, it is a good opportunity for me to relax myself, which will enable me to study more efficiently. All wo

26、rk and no play makes Jack a dull boy, so goes the saying, which clearly shows us the importance of relaxation. Besides, I think I am a good dancer after learning dance for more than five years. Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contri

27、butions to the class.For the two reasons mentioned above, it is no surprise that I have such a strong enthusiasm on the group dancing competition.Version 2:Today the monitor calls on everybody to take an active part in the group dancing competition which will be held in a couple of days in our schoo

28、l. But after some careful consideration, I have decided not to participate.There are a number of reasons for my decision. First and foremost, as the College Entrance Exam is just around the corner, study is the top priority for me. Participating in the group dancing competition has to give way becau

29、se it might take me too much time. Whats more, without any experience of dancing, I dont think I can be a good dancing partner. I am afraid my poor dancing skills will probably spoil the performance of the whole class. In this case, its better for me to be a spectator cheering for my classmates. For these reasons, it seems more appropriate for me to watch the competition than to dance myself. 从写作方法来说，考生可以根据高考议论文写作的一般思路将整个文章分为三段来写。 第一段是引言段，引出两点：topic和thesis。Topic就是文章的话题，在这篇文章中就是集体舞比赛这个事情。而thesis就是指全文的中心内容，在本文中就是自己是否参加比