2022届湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学高三三模5月英语试题

1、试卷第 =page 22 22页，共 =sectionpages 22 22页试卷第 =page 1 1页，共 =sectionpages 3 3页2022届湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学高三三模5月英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读理解If youre traveling to South America in summer, you should have Patagonia (at the southern end of South America) high up on your list of things to do. With this list, I show

2、you the best places to visit in Patagonia. The climate down there is pretty rough, especially in the very south if you plan to do hiking or camping, the best time for a trip is between the end of November and the beginning of March.1. Bariloche, ArgentinaThe fact that Bariloche is well connected (ai

3、rport, direct bus to and from Buenos Aires) makes it the perfect starting point of a round trip through Patagonia. But more than that: the combination of mountains, lakes and green forests results in its beautiful scenery.2. Futaleuf, ChileFurther down south and a bit harder to access is the small C

4、hilean village Futaleuf which is located at the border to Argentina. The reason which makes it worth it: the Futaleuf River is often referred to as one of the best white water spots for rafting in the world. The landscape along the river is unique and, due to its location, still pretty much untouche

5、d.3. Puerto Rio Tranquilo, ChileIf you want to get there quickly, you should travel through Argentina and cross over to Chile Chico as this place is also very remote. The reason to do so: the marble caves in the General Carrera lake.4. Torres del Paine, ChilePersonally the national park Torres del P

6、aine is my number 1 attraction in Patagonia you should take some time and do a multi-day trek to experience as much of it as possible: glaciers, forests, impressive mountain ranges, lagoons and rivers.1. What is the best time for hiking in Patagonia?A. October 1November 1B. December 25January 15C. M

7、arch 5April 1D. November 5June 72. Which of the following about the Futaleuf River is true?A. It lies in an easily accessible village.B. It is ignored due to rafting sports.C. It is the best rafting river in the world.D. It still has untouched landscapes.3. Which place attracts the author most in Pa

8、tagonia?A. Bariloche.B. Futaleuf.C. Puerto Rio Tranquilo.D. Torres del Paine.【答案】1B2D3D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。作者向读者介绍去巴塔哥尼亚（Patagonia）最值得一游的一些地方。1. 细节理解题。由文章第一段“if you plan to do hiking or camping, the best time for a trip is between the end of November and the beginning of March.”（如果你打算徒步旅行或露营，旅行的最佳时间是在11

9、月底到3月初之间。）以及选项可知，B项December 25January 15（12月25日1月15日）时间符合。故选B项。2. 细节理解题。由文章第三段“the Futaleuf River is often referred to as one of the best white water spots for rafting in the world. The landscape along the river is unique and, due to its location, still pretty much untouched.”（Futaleuf河经常被称为世界上漂流的最佳

10、白水景点之一。沿河风景独特，由于其地理位置，至今几乎未开发）可知，由于地理位置，现在Futaleuf还有很多未开发的地方。故选D项。3. 细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Personally the national park Torres del Paine is my number 1 attraction in Patagonia.”（就我个人而言，Torres del Paine国家公园是我在Patagonia的第一大景点。）可知，Torres del Paine最吸引作者。故选D项。Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had b

11、een suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured in National Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. “In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldnt l

12、eave the house,” says Doogue. “When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and thats when I started photography.”Now a dad of two, Doogue found that looking at insects through a camera helped him in

13、 ways he could never have imagined and it proved to be the lifeline he needed. It had a calming effect that helped him to disconnect from stress; and his astonishing images, showing insects and spiders in amazing detail against brightly colored backgrounds, caught the eye of publishers at National G

14、eographic. “I ended up as one of their featured photographers,” recalled Doogue. “It was the peak of my career. It was incredible.”Originally from Salford, Greater Manchester, he now lives in Armadale, West Lothian, Scotland. Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic (流行病) of mal

15、e suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. “I think the problem is this man-up approach; the idea that men need to be strong puts so much pressure on young males to be fine all the time,” says Doogue. “This is w

16、hy I try and be so open about my own experience. Whenever I am out with my camera, I dont think about my other worries. It is just me and the environment around me. You can lose yourself in a spider making its web.”4. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about Doogue?A. Why Doogue wanted to end his

17、life.B. Why Doogue took up photography.C. How Doogue became depressed.D. When Doogue turned photographer.5. How did photography benefit Doogue?A. It gave him a new way to express himself.B. It provided him with life-saving skills.C. It helped him to escape from pressure.D. It offered him an opportun

18、ity to explore nature.6. What causes Scottish men to develop mental health problems?A. The way men employ to solve problems.B. The lack of love for mens life and work.C. The worry that men get separated from people.D. The belief that men are expected to be strong.7. What is the main purpose of the a

19、uthor in writing the text?A. To warn the seriousness of mental problems.B. To show the benefits of nature photography.C. To introduce Doogues fighting depression.D. To advise the readers to get close to nature.【答案】4B5C6D7C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述自然摄影师Doogue通过拍摄挽救了抑郁的自己，并通过分享他的作品和经历，鼓励和帮助更多患有心理健康疾病的人。

20、4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured in National Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. “

21、In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldnt leave the house,” says Doogue. “When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and thats when I started photography.”(34岁的马特杜格是一名自然摄影师

22、，当他第一次发现自己对拍摄昆虫的热情时，他一直患有抑郁症，他的作品现在已经登上了国家地理杂志。他说，九年前他在人生跌入谷底后曾试图自杀。“一开始，我非常偏执和愤怒，以至于我不能离开家，”道格说。“当我试图结束自己的生命时，我知道我需要见一个人。我去看了医生，接受了治疗，但我知道我需要更多，于是我开始摄影。”)”可知，文章第一段主要讲述Doogue从事摄影的原因。故选B。5. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It had a calming effect that helped him to disconnect from stress; and his astonishing images, sh

23、owing insects and spiders in amazing detail against brightly colored backgrounds, caught the eye of publishers at National Geographic.(它有镇静作用，帮助他从压力中解脱出来；他的这些惊人的照片，在色彩鲜艳的背景下，以惊人的细节展示了昆虫和蜘蛛，引起了国家地理杂志出版商的注意。)”可知，Doogue通过自然摄影，帮助自己摆脱压力。故选C。6. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle

24、of an epidemic (流行病) of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. “I think the problem is this man-up approach; the idea that men need to be strong puts so much pressure on young males to be fine all the tim

25、e,” says Doogue.(尽管他担心苏格兰正处于男性自杀泛滥的时期，但他相信分享自己对自然摄影的热爱也能帮助其他人应对心理健康问题。“我认为问题在于这种男性化的方式；男性需要强壮的观念给年轻男性施加了很大的压力，让他们一直保持健康，”道格说。)”可推断，男人被期待变强大和坚强的想法给苏格兰的年轻男性很大压力，导致他们患有心理健康疾病。故选D。7. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his pa

26、ssion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured in National Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. “In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldnt leave the house,” says Doogue. “When I attempted to end m

27、y life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and thats when I started photography.”(34岁的马特杜格是一名自然摄影师，当他第一次发现自己对拍摄昆虫的热情时，他一直患有抑郁症，他的作品现在已经登上了国家地理杂志。他说，九年前他在人生跌入谷底后曾试图自杀。“一开始，我非常偏执和愤怒，以至于我不能离开家，”道格说。“当我试图结束自己的生命时，我知道我需要见一个人。我去

28、看了医生，接受了治疗，但我知道我需要更多，于是我开始摄影。”)”及第三段中的“Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic (流行病) of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. (尽管他担心苏格兰正处于男性自杀泛滥的时期，但他相信分享自己对自然摄影的热爱也能帮助其他人应对心理健康问题。)

29、”可推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是：介绍Doogue抵抗抑郁症的经历，并希望通过分享他的经历帮助更多有心理健康疾病的人，故选C。A group of scientists are hurrying to document ancient ruins on the US territory of Puero Rico. The scientists are working as fast as they can before rising sea levels destroy a large part of the islands history.Scientists hope to use th

30、e 3-D images they have taken to help identify which sites are most at-risk to natural disasters and other dangers. Falko Kuester, a scientist, said, “A big part of what we re working on is to make the invisible visible and make sure it stays in our memory.”Scientists first explored a large stretch o

31、f land along Puerto Ricos north coast. That area includes a ceremonial center used by the Taino Indians about 2,000 years ago. Isabel Rivera, an environmental archaeologist, said the scientists found what appears to be a large settlement just east of the ceremonial site.The Tainos once lived on many

32、 islands in the Caribbean Sea. But after the arrival of Christopher Columbus and other Europeans, the indigenous (native) people were nearly all killed. Rivera said, “Up to today, there is still a lot we dont know about indigenous culture along our coasts. Its not in our history books. We want to re

33、cover that information before it disappears.”Some scientists say that warmer temperatures in the Caribbean increase the number and strength of storms. Scientists noted that large amounts of water caused by Hurricane Maria washed away part of the area they are studying.Eric Lo, an engineer, flew to P

34、uerto Rico in August 2017 to launch the project one month before Maria struck the island. Lo was surprised at what he saw when he returned to the US territory months later. He said, “Pieces of land where I had stood and flown the drone didnt exist anymore. They were underwater.”Scientists are now tr

35、ying to find out how badly the hurricane and loss of land have affected the archaeological site they are studying. Scientists are using 3-D models based on drone images to measure areas and explore other details.8. What can scientists most probably see by applying the 3-D images?A. The sites most li

36、kely to disappear quickly.B. The remaining territory of Puero Rico.C. The sites staying in memory.D. The history destroyed by rising sea levels.9. What do we know about the Tainos from the text?A. They were all killed by Christopher Columbus.B. They settled in the center of Puero Rico.C. They took a

37、dvantage of a ceremonial site.D. They didnt experience hurricanes.10. What can we infer from Erics words?A. Archaeological digging caused the loss of land.B. His engineering work is valueless.C. Storms made severe damage to the sites.D. Global warming is the cause to all the losses.11. Which of the

38、following is a suitable title for the text?A. How to win over natureB. Secrets of a heritage siteC. Impacts of climate changeD. A race to document heritage【答案】8A9C10C11D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。一组科学家正在加紧记录和保护波多黎各海岸的古代遗迹。这项工作于2017年8月开始，科学家在波多黎各北部海岸发现了古泰诺印第安人的居住地，文章介绍了古泰诺印第安人的一些知识以及这些遗址遭受自然灾害破坏的影响。8. 细节理解题。根据文

39、章第二段第一句“Scientists hope to use the 3-D images they have taken to help identify which sites are most at-risk to natural disasters and other dangers.(科学家们希望利用他们拍摄的3d图像来帮助确定哪些地点最容易遭受自然灾害和其他危险。)”可知科学通过拍摄的3d图像可能看到哪些地点最容易遭受自然灾害和其他危险，A选项“The sites most likely to disappear quickly(最有可能迅速消失的地方)”符合句意。故选A项。9.

40、细节理解题。根据文章第三段“That area includes a ceremonial center used by the Taino Indians about 2,000 years ago.(该地区包括一个大约2000年前泰诺印第安人使用的仪式中心)”可知泰诺印第安人使用过ceremonial center，C选项“They took advantage of a ceremonial site (他们利用了一个仪式场地)”符合句意。故选C项。10. 推理判断题。根据文章第六段Eric说的话“Pieces of land where I had stood and flown th

41、e drone didnt exist anymore. They were underwater.(我曾经站立并驾驶无人机的那块土地已经不复存在了。他们在水下。)”可知那块土地已经不在了，C选项“Storms made severe damage to the sites. (风雨对那块土地造成了严重破坏)”符合句意。故选C项。11. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A group of scientists are hurrying to document ancient ruins on the US territory of Puero Rico.(一群科学家正忙着记录美国领土波多黎各的古

42、代遗迹。)”可知本文主要讲科学家记录美国领土波多黎各的古代遗迹，D选项“A race to document heritage (记录遗产的竞赛)”符合文意。故选D项。If youve ever started a sentence with, “If I were you ” or found yourself scratching your head at a colleagues headache over a decision when the answer is crystal-clear, theres a scientific reason behind it. Our own

43、decision-making abilities can become declined over the course of the day causing indecision or poor choices, but choosing on behalf of someone else is an enjoyable task that doesnt suffer the same trouble.The problem is “decision fatigue”, a psychological phenomenon that greatly damages the quality

44、of your choices after a long day of decision making, says Evan Polman, a leading psychologist.Physicians who have been on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics (抗生素) to patients when its unwise to do so. “Presumably its because its simple and easy to write

45、a prescription and consider a patient case closed rather than investigate further,” Polman says.But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else. When people imagine themselves as advisers and imagine their own choices as belonging to someone else, they feel less tire

46、d and rely less on decision shortcuts to make those choices. “By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does not suffer the consequences of decision fatigue,” he says. “Its as if theres something fun and liberating about making someone elses choice.”Getting input from others

47、 not only offers a fresh perspective and thought process; it often also includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it can be quite good, says Polman. “When people experience decision fatigue when they are tired of making choices they have a tendency to choose to go with the status quo,

48、” he says. “But it can be problematic, since a change in the course of action can sometimes be important and lead to a positive outcome.”12. What does the author say about people making decisions?A. They become exhausted when making too many decisions for themselves.B. They are more cautious in maki

49、ng decisions for others than for themselves.C. They are more likely to make decisions in the way advantageous to themselves.D. They show considerable variations in their decision-making competence.13. Why does the author mention “physicians” in paragraph 3?A. To explain a principle.B. To indicate a

50、fact.C. To clarify a concept.D. To illustrate a prediction.14. What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in?A. Turn to physicians for advice.B. Make risky decisions.C. Adopt a totally new perspective.D. Resist trying something new.15. What does the underlined phrase “the status quo” in

51、 paragraph 5 refer to?A. The decision fatigue.B. The existing situation.C. The different choice.D. The positive outcome.【答案】12A13C14D15B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是“决策疲劳”这种心理现象。12. 推理判断题。结合第一段的“Our own decision-making abilities can become declined over the course of the day causing indecision or poor cho

52、ices, but choosing on behalf of someone else is an enjoyable task that doesnt suffer the same trouble.(我们自己的决策能力可能会在一天的过程中下降，导致优柔寡断或糟糕的选择，但代表别人选择是一项愉快的任务，不会遭受同样的麻烦。)”和第二段的“The problem is “decision fatigue”, a psychological phenomenon that greatly damages the quality of your choices after a long day

53、of decision making(问题在于“决策疲劳”，这是一种心理现象，它会在漫长的一天决策之后，极大地损害你做出的选择的质量)”，当为自己做太多决定时，人们会感到疲惫。可知。故选A。13. 推理判断题。结合第二段中的“The problem is “decision fatigue”, a psychological phenomenon that greatly damages the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making(问题在于“决策疲劳”，这是一种心理现象，它会在漫长的一天决策之后，极大地损害你做

54、出的选择的质量)”和第三段的“Physicians who have been on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics (抗生素) to patients when its unwise to do so.(例如，工作了几个小时的医生更有可能给病人开抗生素，因为这样做是不明智的。)”可知，作者在第3段提到“医生”是为了澄清前面讲的“决策疲劳”的概念。故选C。14. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“When people experience decision fatig

55、ue when they are tired of making choices they have a tendency to choose to go with the status quo(当人们感到决策疲劳时当他们厌倦做选择时他们倾向于选择顺应现状)”可知，当人们开始感到决策疲劳时，他们可能会拒绝尝试新事物。故选D。15. 词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“When people experience decision fatigue when they are tired of making choices”（当人们感到决策疲劳时当他们厌倦做选择时）“But it can be probl

56、ematic, since a change in the course of action can sometimes be important and lead to a positive outcome.(但这可能会带来问题，因为行动过程中的改变有时很重要，会带来积极的结果)”可知，划线部分所在句子表示“他们倾向于选择顺应现状”，因此the status quo意为“现状”，即the existing situation，故选B。二、七选五Why Do Brides Wear WhiteIn many societies the color white has been associat

57、ed with purity and virtue, and that is one reason why some brides choose to wear white, especially in the West. Usually, you will hear that brides wear white because “its a tradition”. But, historically, white was not the only color considered for wedding dresses. _16_For many centuries in Western s

58、ocieties, wedding dresses had different colors. _17_ Brides tended to buy a wedding dress that could be worn again, or they simply wore the best dress they already owned. And white is not practical: it is difficult to keep clean and is therefore not ideal for many situations or for repeated wear.Man

59、y brides chose to wear dresses of other colors for their wedding and beyond. _18_ They do so largely thanks to a trend that started with Queen Victorias 1840 wedding to Prince Albert._19_ Although not in as many different media as we have now, they still had a tendency to be trendsetting. So Victori

60、a chose to wear a white gown (女礼服) reportedly to show off the fine detailed Honiton lace produced by the British lace industry, which was depressed at the time. Her fashion choice was widely reported in newspapers and magazines. _20_ Eventually, the trend of a white wedding gown spread across all ec