Analysis of the Love and Hate in Wuthering Heights浅析《呼啸山庄》中的爱与恨

1、聊城大学东昌学院本科毕业论文（设计）PAGE PAGE 21聊城大学东昌学院本科生毕业论文题目：Analysis of the Love and Hate in Wuthering Heights专业代码：050201作者姓名：学号： 单位：英语系2009级本科1班指导老师： 2013年 摘 要 呼啸山庄是艾米莉勃朗特唯一的一部的小说,写于1845年10月至1846年6月。在当时呼啸山庄并没有得到公众的欣赏,很多人谴责它是肮脏的,粗俗的,不自然的,直到作者艾米莉勃朗特1848年去世时仍然相信她唯一的小说失败的。直到1850年,当呼啸山庄收到了第二次印刷的通知和艾米莉的妹妹夏洛特的介绍后吸引了大

2、量读者。但是后来它被誉为最好的文学因为彼此深爱的凯瑟琳和希斯克利夫之间的爱情是扭曲的，甚至,以及被震惊的残忍复仇。希斯克利夫小说表达了爱与恨之间的紧张的冲突。爱其实是仇恨,仇恨是由于爱,最后的爱击败仇恨而获得重生。在呼啸山庄中,艾米莉显示出自己自私一面,由于男女主人公希斯克利夫和凯瑟琳自私的性格,导致了他们的悲剧命运,也造成了他人的悲剧。这部小说充满了黑暗和疯狂的场景,正好烘托小说的整体基调。关键词：爱，复仇，场景，变态的爱,AbstractWuthering Heights is the only published novel by Emily Bront, written between

3、 October 1845 and June 1846 and published in July of the following year. Wuthering Heights was not well received by the reading public, many of whom condemned it as sordid, vulgar, and unnatural-and author Emily Bronte went to her grave in 1848 believing that her only novel was a failure. It was not

4、 until 1850, when Wuthering Heights received a second printing with an introduction by Emilys sister Charlotte, that it attracted a wide readership. But later it was praised as the best literature because of the deep love between Catherine and Heathcliff even the love is somehow twisted, as well as

5、be shocked by Heathcliffs cruel revenge. The novel expressed the tense conflict between love and hatred. Love is followed by hatred; hatred is caused by love; and finally love defeats hatred and gets its rebirth. In Wuthering Heights, Emily shows the character of selfish side, it is because of the h

6、ero and heroine Heathcliff and Catherine their own selfish character, leading to their tragic fate, also caused the tragedy of others. This novel is full of dark and mad sights, exactly reflects the tone of the novel.Key words: Love; revenge; setting; twisted love; hatred;CONTENTS Introduction11. In

7、troduction of author 3 1.1 Introduction of story4 1.2 Theme of the novel52. Love6Catherine love for Heathcliff6Heathcliff twisted love73. Hatred8Direct reason9Indirect reason10 3.2.1 Catherines character10 3.2.2 Heathcliffs character124. The rebirth of love defeats 13Conclusion14Bibliography15Acknow

8、ledgements Analysis of the Love and Hate in Wuthering HeightsIntroductionIn Wuthering Heights, the topic is love, deduces us a world-shaking undying love. They are not only have the lingering love, but also a deeply ingrained hate between them. Catherine and Heathcliffs love has both humanity and so

9、cial culture and which bind with them. The humanity has made their love unchanged and undying, but culture destroys this love, and causes hate, Catherine betrays him. Therefore Heathcliffs hate is quite incisive and vivid, but still comes back to the love, and finally love defeats hatred and gets it

10、s rebirth.Introduction of authorEmily Bront, a talented English novelist and poet, was born in a 19th century in Thornton, near Bradford in Yorkshire, now best remembered for her novel Wuthering Heights, a classic of English literature. Emily was the second eldest of the three surviving Bront sister

11、s, between Charlotte and Anne. Though Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre was generally considered the best of the Bronte sisters works during most of the nineteenth century, many subsequent critics of Wuthering Heights argued that its evocative descriptions of the lonely moorland setting and the poetic gra

12、ndeur of vision combine to make this unique novel a masterpiece of English literature. Unfortunately, Wuthering Heights is the only novel by Emily because of her early death due to the indigent condition she lived in. Emily Bronte was born in the struggle of life in Britain, at that times, capitalis

13、m increasingly exposed its inner defects: conflict between the employers and deterioration from time to time, unemployed workers are becoming more and more poor, a lot of children were tortured and even died. Emily Bronte was born in a pastor family, his father was a priest in Ireland Emily Bronte i

14、s a novelist and poet. Many critics thought Emily is the most brilliant Bronte sisters. British critic Ralph fox wrote: there is no doubt that Wuthering Heights is one of the most special novel creation by human beings, owing to the novel of Emily discovered disappointed pain in life”. (Emily Bronte

15、, 1947:88)And the famous English novelist Maugham evaluated the novel in the following words, “I never know theres ever another novel that has surprisingly described such anguish, infatuated, cruel, and ever-lasting love”. (刘欣, 2002：65)1.1 Introduction of storyWuthering Heights is a wild, passionate

16、 story of intense and almost demonic love between Catherine Earnshaw and Heathcliff, is a love tragedy. Their souls are made of the exactly same things but manifested in extremely different ways. While Heathcliff has a so extremely clear-cut stand on what to love and what to hate that may be describ

17、ed as cruel, Catherine is of incredible caprice and selfishness. Novel depicts a deformity of social life, draws the outline that had been distorted by the deformity society of human nature. Novel plot unfolding mainly through the following four parts: First stage expressed Heathcliff and Catherine

18、elbow childhood life; an outcast with special feelings to Catherine, they against tyranny, initiation of sincere love in the common fight against. The second phase focuses on Catherine because of vanity and folly, betrays Heathcliff, married her basic love of Edgar Linton, became the mistress, but u

19、nfortunately has ruined her love and life. The third stage is painted Heathcliff how to revenge, he planed to do something and his love turned to hatred slowly. The fourth stage expressed that because of the Catherine death, Heathcliff found the deep love to Catherine and he understood this revenge

20、is meaningless. The rebirth love replaced hatred. Story begins from the year 1771. Catherines father, Mr. Earnshaw loves his adopted son Heathcliff bizarrely much, which gives rise to an intense sense of hate in his own son, Hindley. After Mr. Earnshaws death, Hindley humiliates and tortures Heathcl

21、iff mercilessly. What is worse, due to the desire for status and wealth, Catherine marries to Edgar Linton, a handsome man from a rich family, instead of her love, Heathcliff. Heathcliff disappears for three years and comes back as a wealthy and polished man after Catherine and Edgars marriage. He b

22、egins his long-term revenge plan with purchasing Wuthering Heights from Hindley, who turns into totally lapsed after his wife dies of giving birth to his son, Hareton. Later, he takes away Edgars little sister, Isabella Linton, who later raises a child.Finding how ecstatic she is to have a reunion w

23、ith Heathcliff, Catherine also realizes how foolish she is for that she marries to Edgar just for her vanity. But everythings too late, after giving birth to Cathy Linton; Catherine dies of the unwillingness for surviving. With the beloved person passing away, Heathcliff utterly falls into hell and

24、becomes a devil. Heathcliff deceives and forces little Cathy to marry to his dying son, Linton. After her fathers and her husbands death, Heathcliff takes over all the property little Cathy should have possessed. Though leading a gloomy life in Wuthering Heights, Cathy and Hareton, the rough but not

25、 vicious young man, falls in love. Thanks to the similarity of Hareton Earnshaw and Catherine Earnshaw, Heathcliff gradually realizes that revenge cannot make him feel better; he abandons his revenge and dies peacefully beside the window to the moor. The tragedy of last generation finally ends up in

26、 a true love of next generation.1.2 Theme of the novelWuthering Heights, the creation of Emily Bronte, depicts not a fantasy realm or the depths of hell. Rather, the novel focuses on two main characters battle with the restrictions of Victorian Society. Social pressures and restrictive cultural conf

27、ines exile Catherine and Heathcliff from the world and then from each other. Hate cant make love disappear, and love is stronger than hate. 2. Love Wuthering Heights is a love story. It has praised humans moral excellence, has attracted the will of the peoples darkness, unfolding the human with the

28、common custom life and pursuing the fine mind. Love in the novel is manifested in many respects.Catherines love for HeathcliffThe heroine Catherine is a complex character that difficult to catch. Her character is very pure and innocent. Regardless of Catherines character how complex and how difficul

29、t to catch, the original side to her character is simple and kind. The authors living environment reflects her love to Heathcliff. Its no wonder that each hero has its own character flaws and Catherine is not an exception. She is mixed with many characters. Sometimes she is friendly; sometimes she i

30、s violent; sometimes she is gentle; sometimes she is agitated; sometimes she is enthusiastic and sometimes she is wayward . (贺道中, 2010:48) Her fatal weakness is that she can not resist the elegant Thrushcross Grange lives and her own vanity. In order to satisfy her vanity and access to social rights

31、 and economic status, she married to the small owner of Thrushcross Grange. It was the beginning of this love tragedy. Catherine seems to always just a wayward child whose love is non-rational and unconscious. When Edgar proposed to her, she did not distinguish herself on the Heathcliffs love and ad

32、miration for Edgar, and she also immersed in the little girls excitement and wonderful feeling for his proposal. Self-willed is the internal motive to abandon Heathcliff and marry Edgar. This is one hidden condition of the love tragedy2.2 Heathcliffs twisted love Heathcliff, who had been deprived of

33、 human warmth, cultivated a strong love and hate in the real life. He was humiliated in every possible way which made he tasted the cruelty of life, but also he knew how to swallow the insult in the Church and he couldnt change his humiliating fate. He was a man who loved a woman reaching to its lim

34、its, even did crazy actions. He used “love” to kill people and also killed himself. Whether Catherine lived or died, he lived in pains. Even if Catherine was dying, he also said bad words to hurt her. But Heathcliff suffered two pieces of pain, his own and Catherines. (王玉洁, 2010,(9):66). Growing up

35、with the wilderness, Heathcliff broke out with super violent and flowed turbulent emotions. Surviving from the cracks where filled with all sorts of Hindleys curse and torture, Heathcliff was proud to maintain his basic dignity painfully. He loved Catherine so much, so deeply. But she still leaved a

36、nd to marry other person. She hurts Heathcliff. We cannot agree that his vengeful motives and his sinister behaviors were not due to his strong love for Catherine. The more dearly he loved her, the more cruelly he sought his revenge on the people who had prevented him from her. Therefore, the hatred

37、 and love were combined together and the former was grown in the earth of the latter. For Heathcliff, Catherines love was the whole support of his spiritual world. He could bear any contempt and insult from Hindley, but could not bear the separation from her. He held firmly to the belief that they a

38、re the same in the depth of human nature and nothing could divide them. Catherine was the sole consolation and hope in his lonely and strenuous life that supported his whole world and contains his spirit and emotions entirely. But she betrayed their love by marrying to another man. This led him to c

39、ruel punishment or treatment to anyone who had relationship with her, or anyone who he hated. Since Hindley treated him as a servant, Catherine felt it degrading to marry him. That was the deep reason for Heathcliff to seek revenge on the man so cruelly. He deviously lent money to the drunken man in

40、 order to increase his debts and finally to get Wuthering Heights. Once he hurt Hindley badly and continued kicking him mercilessly, which caused the mans early death. However, it still couldnt put out Heathcliffs revenge fire on the dead man. He raised Hindleyson, Hareton, as an uneducated field wo

41、rker, just like what Hindley had done to him, and even worse. Hareton, who should have lived as the finest gentleman in the area, was growing irredeemably brutal, savage and illiterate. He just wanted the boy to experience what he had experienced and suffer what he had suffered. Although Heathcliff

42、never explored a strong interest in his personal life and the sense of birth, they were the dark shadow. They were no doubt the factor that led Heathcliff to be cold and aloof character. In particular, when he was faced with the rival Edgar who was elegant and came from the Thrushcross Grange, Heath

43、cliffs minor humble appearances was revealed. “He struggled long to keep up an equality with Catherine in her studies, and yielded with poignant though silent regret: but he yielded completely; and there was no prevailing on him to take a step in the way of moving upward, when he found he must, nece

44、ssarily, sink beneath his former level. ” (张同乐, 1999，(01):34) Heathcliff and Catherine are loyal partners. They produce the sincere love in the common resistance and they have the same soul, or rather, they share the same soul. Once one separates from the other, itll cause irreparable harm. So when

45、Heathcliff knew that Catherine betrayed their love and promised to marry Linton, he became “the most unfortunate creature” and “lost a friend and lost the love as well as all”. So he left Wuthering Heights angrily. Catherines change makes Heathcliff last hope is gone, then the strong love turns into

46、 the strong hate and a strong distortion of his personality - -hard, unyielding and cruel. He had the twisted love, so he wants the big revenge for her and all of them. HatredIn Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights, Heathcliff is the protagonist. In his life, there is full of hate and revenge. Happy is v

47、ery far away from him. During his life, he is treated badly by everyone except old Nelly and Catherine. He loves Catherine, but Catherine forsakes him and marries Edgar. From then on, he starts to hate everyone and revenge everyone. At last Heathcliff, his wish of revenge fails. In this novel, the p

48、oint that attracts the view of the reader is not only the deep, fierce, and financial love between Heathcliff and Catherine, but also Heathcliffs profound hate and cruel revenge after losing his beloved woman. His hatred also influences others.Direct reasonThe class difference is the direct cause of

49、 the class society, which lead to their love tragedy. Living in that society where was full of the view of class differences, Catherine and Heathcliffs tragic fate was inevitable. They were destined to become the victims of class society. Catherine and Heathcliff had to bear the oppressed from the M

50、ansions. Catherine was the daughter of Wuthering Heights, and Heathcliff was a gypsy boy, who was abandoned from his early age. They are in the different status. The class difference is the first Mansions. Catherine failed to break through it. The next Mansion is Hindley. Hindley could do whatever h

51、e wanted to do, because Catherine and Heathcliff who were the subordinate status and were in the low level. They had no property and no right to choose, therefore, in the fight against the tyranny of Hindley, they were closed to the other. Catherine said, I am Heathcliff. However, in the society whi

52、ch full of prejudice and strong sense of class differences, this kind of love was fragile and Catherine realized their poor social status and eventually married to Edgar. (Walter Allen,1955:23) For Catherine, the only way out was to comply with social values and married to a man who had almost the s

53、ame status with her. She wanted to be a good wife and a good mother. She and Heathcliffs love was simply not socially acceptable. For Heathcliff, in order to raise the status of his own, he continued to climb up and carried out crazy revenge to the Earnshaws and the Lintons, at the same time, he bet

54、rayed his own needs and aspirations, destroying his relationship with Catherine. Therefore, we can say that their love is split up by the prevailing prejudices of the bourgeois class. Indirect reason3.2.1 Catherines characterIts no wonder that each hero has its own character flaws and Catherine is n

55、ot an exception. She is mixed with many characters. Sometimes she is friendly; sometimes she is violent; sometimes she is gentle; sometimes she is agitated; sometimes she is enthusiastic and sometimes she is wayward . Her fatal weakness is that she can not resist the elegant Thrushcross Grange lives

56、 and her own vanity. In order to satisfy her vanity and access to social rights and economic status, she married to the small owner of Thrushcross Grange. It was the beginning of this love tragedy.Loneliness Catherine, as Old Earnshaws daughter, has never been his fathers favor, and even a servant J

57、oseph can punish her going hungry and hitting her. In Wuthering Heights where is the absence of family warmth and fatherly situation, she grows up in the solitude of the spiritual world. Low family status makes Catherine inner loneliness. Regardless of all the punishment and intimidation, she can ge

58、t rid of class bias and stand by Heathcliff stubbornly. Heathcliff in Wuthering Heights was her only confidant. Its said that a lonely soul often confirm their existence by seeking for another lonely soul. Heathcliff and Catherine spew out the amazing love with a very strong possessive. It is just t

59、his love with an extremely possessive caused the piercing tragedy. (Jia Hong, 1999.9:23)Self-Righteous Catherine imagines helping Heathcliff improve his status by marrying to Edgar, so that her brother can not interfere. This is just her personal thoughts. Love is about both sides, this decision sho

60、uld be discussed with the other half. This point is one of the necessary conditions to guarantee that the love is happy. She is too self-centered .She believes that her decision is made for Heathcliff, and for her love to him. She loves Heathcliff, but also Edgar. Although the latter is only a surfa