LCD专业术语中英文版

1、LCD 专业术语中英文版Backlight:背光。CCFL(CCFT) (Cold Cathode Fluoresce nt Light/Tube):冷阴极荧光灯。Composite vide 复合视频。Comp onent vide 分量视频。COB(Chip On Board):IC 裸片通过邦定固定于印刷线路板上。COF(Chip On Film): 将 IC 封装于柔性线路板上。COG(Chip On Glass)将IC封装于玻璃上。CRT(Cathode Radial Tube)阴极射线管。DPI(Dot Per In ch):点每英寸。Duty:占空比，高出点亮的阀值电压的部分在一

2、个周期 中所占的比率。DVI(Digital Visual Interface): (VGA )数字接口。ECB(Electrically Controlled Birefringence): 电 控 双 折 射。EL(Electro luminescenee)电致发光。EL层由高分子量 薄片构成FSTN(Formulated STN):薄膜补偿型STN,用于黑白显 示。HTN(High Twisted Nematic):高扭曲向列的显示类型。IC(Integrate Circuit): 集成电路。In verter:逆变器。ITO(Indium-Tin Oxide): 氧化铟锡。LCD(Li

3、quid Crystal Display): 液晶显示器。LCM(Liquid Crystal Module): 液晶模块。LED(Light Emitting Diode): 发光二极管。LVDS(Low Voltage Differential Signaling):低压差分信 号。NTSC(National Television Systems Committee):NTSC 制式 ,全国电视系统委员会制式OSD( On Screen Display)在屏上显示。PAL(Phase Alternating Line)AL 制式 (逐行倒相制式 )。PCB(Print Circuit Bo

4、ard): 印刷线路板。PDP(Plasma Display Pan el等 离子体显示。SECAM(SE quential Couleur Avec Memoire):SECAM 制式 (顺序与存储彩色电视系统 )STN(Supper Twisted Nematic): 超扭曲向列的显示类 型。S-videS 端子，与复合视频信号比， 将对比和颜色分离 传输。TAB(Tape Automated Bon di ng)柔性带自动连接。TCP(Tape Carrier Package 柔性线路板。TFT(Thin Film Transistor): 薄膜晶体管显示类型。TMDS (Transit

5、ion Minimized Differential Signaling)TN(Twisted Nematic):扭曲向列的显示类型。VFD(Vacuum Fluoresce nee Display)真空荧光显示。VGA(Video Graphic Array): 视频图形阵列。VOD(Video On Dema nd):视频点播。有效显示区域 ( Active Area)LCD Panel 的有效显示区域，即可显示文字图形的总 面积，参考下图，白色区域即此片 Panel 的有效显示 区域。开口率 (Aperture Ratio)开口率即是每个画素可透光的有效区域除以画素的总 面积，开口率越高

6、，整体画面越亮。画面比率 (Aspect Ratio)Aspect Ratio 为画面宽与高之比率。 计算机画面及一般 影像画面比率为 4:3 HDTV 则可提供 16:9 的宽平面屏 幕画面。B/M (Black Matrix) :于 Color Filter 上，用来遮住 R、 G、 B 各 Pixel 间之 空隙，可大幅减少 LCD 光点间彼此干扰所产生的光害，呈现更稳定且清晰的影像品质，提升了阅读上的 舒适度，同时也减轻了长期使用所造成的眼部压力及 疲累感。CCFL（ 冷阴极射线管 ）Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp将高压施加于灯管之两电极 , 电子即由电极端

7、射出 , 电子因受高电压加速而与管内之水银原子撞击 , 水银 原子在被撞击后由不稳定状态急速返回稳定状态时 , 会将过剩能量以紫外线 （253.7 nm） 释放出来 , 此释 放出来之紫外线由萤光粉吸收转换成可视光 .C/F（彩色滤光片）（Color Filter）:彩色滤光片上有排列整齐之RGB（三原色）画素，射入的光可经由滤光片转变混合成各种颜色。LTPS 低温多晶硅LTPS （Low Temperature Poly Silicon低温多晶硅，就是 在摄氏 600oC 或更低的温度下经过雷射回火 （Laser anneal的制程步骤所生产的多晶硅，具有高开口率、 可内建驱动IC等外围电路

8、于玻璃基板上、TFT反应 速度更快且面积缩小、接点数及零件数减少、系统设 计简单化，面板可 * 度提升，以及降低材料成本等优点。Luminance明亮度明亮度指一对象之可见亮度。其取决于可反射光之多寡并由一平方公尺（cd/m2）内之多少烛光来衡量其亮度。因表面物之反射属性之多样化，类似的照明度因 对象表面反射属性之不同而造成不同的明视度。 例如， 同样的光源照射于一黑一白的房间，黑色房间之明视 度相较于白色房间的明视度是非常低而且昏暗。Moire 一种因 LCD 面板与背光模块刻痕方向不能匹配 所造成的光干涉现象。Mura水波纹：指在显示影像时，所产生的画面局部或全面 的不均匀现象。Resp

9、onse Time反应时间的是屏幕画素接收到信号后，由白转黑(Tr)及由黑转白(Tf)所需转变时间。所需转变时间是越短越好。较 短的反应时间使画面转换更为顺畅。一般而言，其都 低于 60ms. Response time =Tr+TfResolution of DisplayVGA = Video Graphics Array 640 xRGBx480 DotSVGA = Super Video Graphics Array 800 xRGx600 DotXGA = Extended Graphics Array 1,024xRGBx768 DotSXGA = Super Extended G

10、raphics Array 1,280 xRGBx1,024 DotSXGA+ = Super Extended Graphics Array + 1,400 xRGBx1,050 DotUXGA = Ultra Extended Graphics Array 1,600 xRGBx1,200DotSpacer间隔粒子于两片玻璃基板间，所均匀洒上 的球形树脂粒子 , 用来撑出一个间隙 , 以灌入液晶 , 其作用类似我们盖房子时的柱子。Uniformity 均匀度画面的均匀度；将一 Panel 分为数等份，分别测量其 中心点的亮度，所测得的最小值除以最大值即是此 Panel均匀度，均匀度越高表示

11、Panel画面越稳定。View Angle视角面对屏幕，往其上、下、左、右四方观测，调整此屏 幕直到其无法由此四方看到屏幕画面之角度。以监看 者之视觉舒适，可调整视角之广狭。Back light 背光源液晶 Panel 的背面所设置光源。萤光灯管（热阴极管 或冷阴极管）、导光板、扩散板所构成。Contrast Ratio对比度此为黑色与白色之间的对比。 比值越高， 色彩越鲜明。FPCFlexible Printed C i rcuit ；可弯曲印刷电路。Inverter 换流器DC/AC 换流器主要应用于 TFT 面板背光源之 power supply。它使用高电压来驱动冷阴极射线管。此独特

12、的电力仪器具有高瓦特数、 高效能及坚实小巧的设计。LVDSLow Voltage Differential S ig n a l i ng ；数字显示接口，具 有高效能、高速与低功率消耗等特色。Laser Anneal雷射回火低温多晶硅与非晶硅最大差异在于， LTPS 的薄膜晶体管TFT,经过雷射回火(Laser anneal的制程步骤；利用雷射作为热源，雷射光经过投射系统后，会产生 能量均匀分布的光束，投射于非晶硅结构的玻璃基板 上，当非晶硅结构玻璃基板吸收雷射的能量后，会转 变成为多晶硅结构QCIF(Quarter Common Intermediate Format):QCIF 为视讯会

13、议格式，其每秒可传输 30 页的资料， 每一页有 144 行、每一行有 176 画素 (pixel)。 其分辨 率为CIF之1/4QCIF为ITU H.261视讯会议之标准。 CIF 及 QCIF 互为兼容并适用于 NTSC, PAL 及 SECAM 三种 TV 标准。White Chromaticity 为衡量 RGB 三原色的均衡值的测 量方法。较高之色温产生偏蓝的白色； 较低的色温产 生偏红的白色。Aa-Siamorphous silicon以材料结构而言， amorphous 的意思是指未结晶的状 态。Amorphous silicon膜具有作为半导体材料之特性， 可用plasma C

14、VD装置在400C以下的温度下形成。因 此成为使用玻璃基板之主动矩阵(active matrix)方式 液晶面板的 TFT 主力组件材料。英：Amorphous means lacking distinct crystalline in material structure s term. Amorphous silicon film has the quality that can be used as material of semiconductor. It can be formed by using plasma CVD equipment under temperature of

15、400 degree C. Therefore, it is the major material for manufacturing TFT of LCD panel, which uses glass substrate with active matrix.a-Si TFTamorphous Silicon Thin Film Transistor以 amorphous silicon 为构成材料之电场效果型的薄膜 晶体管。带有source drain、gate三种电极之3端子 组件。最常使用为主动矩阵(active matrix)液晶显示 器的开关。英：The Field Effect

16、 type TFT with amorphous silicon material contains three terminal components of three types of electrodes: source, drain, and gate. They are often used as the switch of active matrix type LCD.ACFAnisotropic Conductive Film 英： 异方性导电膜，指含有导电性粒子之热硬化或热可塑 性的树脂薄膜。主要用于液晶显示面板与驱动 IC 之讯 号传输连结，需针对不同之接合接口选择适合导电粒

17、 子及密度，一般而言用于 fine pitch 之导电粒子其直径 约为 35 um。Anisotropic conductive film means the thermosetting or thermal plastic resin film which contains conductivity particle. It is used major in LCD panel, and to drive the signal connection, transmitting in IC. Different interface connection requires specific co

18、nductivity particles and density accordingly. Generally speaking, the diameter of conductivity particles, which used for fine pitch, shouldbe three to five um.Active area在液晶显示面板中具有显示功能之画素总面积。 英：In LCD screen, it serves the purpose of showing the total surface area of functional pixels.Active matrix在

19、画素或 dot 上设置主动组件，于写入期间激活主动 组件而写入 data 电压、其它期间则关闭主动组件以维 持电压之矩阵驱动方式。依据主动组件的种类区分为3 端子型的 TFT 方式与 2 端子型的 TFD（ MIM ）方式。2 端子型的制造工程可简化。 英：It sets active components on pixel or dot, witch activate active component to write data voltage during the writing period, and during other period, it shut off active com

20、ponent to maintain voltage of matrix driving method. According to different types of active component, it is divided into either 3-terminal model TFT or 2-terminal model TFD (MIM) methods. The manufacturing process of 2-terminal model can be simplified.Anti-glare treatment在液晶面板表面设置凹凸，以降低镜面反射之处理。 Ant

21、i-glare 处理的程度是利用积分球式光线透过率量 测方式，以全光线透过率与散乱光透过率的比定义的。 英：Convex and concave surface is configured on the LCD panel as the treatment to reduce the reflection of mirror. The extent of Anti-glare is to use the measuring method of light penetration of integral sphere model to define the ratio between the r

22、ate of full-light penetration and the rate of scatter lightAnti-reflection在表面上包覆多层折射率不同的膜，用来消除界面的 反射光之处理。英：It is a treatment to eliminate reflection light from interface surface, by coating many layers of film with different reflecting rate on the surface.Aperture ratio单一画素中可透光面积与画素总面积之比值。开口率 之大小与 T

23、FT 所使用之金属导线特性及 Cell 制程能力 有关。英：It is the ratio of the luminary surface in a single pixel comparing to the surface of total pixels. The opening rate is determined by the nature of metal interconnect and the capability of Cell manufacturing of TFT.APR? plate液状紫外线硬化型树脂凸版。 厚度从 1.03.0 都有，种 类甚多，为了提供液体的转写效率

24、，在画面部分的表 面增加一层网状物。制版时，版系根据版体的直径， 事先将画像缩小后制成。因为版即使在萤光灯下也会 加促硬化，故保管上必须非常注意。 （旭化成工业 （株）的登记商标)英：There are many kinds of resin projecting plate of UV hardening model in liquid state with a thickness ranging from 1.0 to 3.0; for the purpose of elevating the efficiency of pattern transformation for the liq

25、uid, the surface of the picture portion has been mounted a layer of meshed stuff. When perform the plate making, the pattern has been miniaturized and then finished in accordance with the diameter of plate. Since the hardening of plate will be promoted even under fluorescent light, special attention

26、 is required for preservation. (Trademark of Asahi Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd ).Array指玻璃基板上已配置 TFT 等 switching 组件，但未成 为 Cell 前的状态。英：It is the state in which the screen has been equipped with TFT switching device, but it is still not a cell yet.Aspect ratio显像后的 resist 膜，或用蚀刻形成于基板上的 pattern 之深度与宽度的比

27、。Aspect比=b/a(a:蚀刻的宽度， b:蚀刻的深度)英：It is the ratio between the depth and width of the pattern on the etched substrate or the resist film after pattern is developed. Aspect ratio = b/a (a : etching width, b : etching depth)COGChip On Glass直接将驱动 IC 之 I/O 与显示玻璃基板的电极端子面对 面接合之方式， COG 模块构装所使用之驱动 IC 必须 先长凸块（b

28、umping）,液晶面板模块构装之凸块材质为 Au ，目前以 ACF 为接合材料之制程较成熟。英:It is a process of connecting electrode terminal of display glass substrate and I/O of Driving IC directly to each other. The Driving IC must have bumping, and the material used for liquid crystal substrate bumping is Au. The manufacturing process, wh

29、ich uses ACF as its connecting material, is more matured.COPChip On Plastic直接将 IC chip 接续在塑料基板的电极端子上之方式， 为 Chip On Plastic 之简称。装设塑料基板液晶面板之 driver IC 时所使用的。英：It is a simplified term of Chip On Plastic, which is a method of connecting IC chip to the electrode terminal of plastic substrate. It is used

30、for setting the driver IC onto the liquid crystal panel of plastic substrate.Cold cathode fluorescent tube为 Back light 其中一种光源，采用金属阴极之萤光灯 管。利用高电场引起发光放电，然后用此放电所产生 的紫外线激发萤光体而发光之放电灯管。基于发热、 寿命之考量，大多采用冷阴极管。英：It is one of the light sources used in Back light, and it uses the fluorescent tube of metal catho

31、de. The discharge tube that uses high electrical field to cause glow discharge and the ultra violet light generated from this type of discharge would trigger the fluorescent particle and glow. Considering the heat and life time factors, the cold cathode fluorescent tube is more frequently used.Contr

32、ast ratio液晶 On?uOff 时最大辉度与最小辉度之比。液晶依画 面视角的不同，其 contrast 也会跟着改变，因此以最 大的对比来表示。通常 STN 以 10：1 表示、 TFT 以 100： 1 表示。英：The ratio between the maximum and minimum brightness when the LC is On / Off. The contrast changes with different viewing angles, and therefore, maximum contrast ratio is used for display.

33、 Generally, STN is 10:1 and TFT is 100:1 for display.CDCritical Dimension一般是指 100um 以下的 pattern 线宽或间隔，为表示 pattern 位置之尺寸值。使用于露光量、现象条件、蚀 刻条件等制程参数，或制品尺寸管理方面。英：CD means the gap or width between patterns under 100 um, and it is to show the dimension measurement of location of pattern. It is used as a par

34、ameter of light exposure quantity, and etching conditions in manufacturing process or dimension management aspect of products.Crosstalk 由于画素间信号干涉，使对比高的画面轮廓在背景部 产生的拖曳现象。每个画素都设置理想 switch 的主动 矩阵方式不会产生 crosstalk。英：Due to the signal interferences between pixels, the background would generate dragging phe

35、nomenon in high contrast screen. Cross talk can be eliminated by fixing activate matrix type of ideal switch on each pixel. 5 楼 主题: RE: 目前最全的液晶专业术语 （中英文资 料） 飞花似花 发表于 2006-05-08 11:51 回复 Dark defect不随信号改变而一直保持低辉度状态的点状缺陷。 英：Dark defect is a kind of dot form fault that does not change with signals and

36、keeps in low BRIL status.Data lineFT 基板中传达显示信号之垂直方向的配线。 因为接续 在各画素 TFT 的 Source 电极或 Drain 电极上，故又 称为 Source 线或 Drain 线。线宽通常为数 um 到 10um 不等。英：It is the perpendicular wiring used in TFT substrate to transfer display signals. Because it is connected with the Source electrode or Drain electrode on each pi

37、xel in TFT, it is also known as Source line or Drain line. The width of the line is often between few um to 10 um.Dichroic Mirror仅选择在特定的波长区域内的光来做反射的光学镜。 一般是利用层积的多层膜的光之干涉经由反射而取出 各式各样的颜色的光。使用在投写型的投影机上。英：It is a kind of optical mirror that only reflects certain light in some chosen light spectrum. Norm

38、ally, many layers of film to interfere with light and with reflection to generate various color of light. It is applied to projectors with poly-silicon LCD.Dot构成各画素的要素点（显示的最小构成点） 英：Dot is the point that constructs each pixel. (the smallest display unit)Driver IC驱动液晶面板的回路或ICoMatrix显示有扫描电极(行 电极) Drive

39、r 与信号电极(列电极) Driver 二种。由 QFP变迁为TCPo多硅晶(poly-silicon )的面板则是 直接将 Driver IC 形成在显示面板中。英：It is the IC that drives the LCD. There two types of display matrix: Scanning electrode (column electrode) Driver and Signal electrode (row electrode) Driver. The package of driver changes from QFP to TCP. The Driver

40、 IC of poly-silicon LCD panel forms directly in the display screen.Dual Scan 将液晶面板的配线自上下两端开始接续的方法。英：It is a method of connecting continuously from top and bottom wiring in the LCD.EWSengineering workstation拥有 color graphic display 与高度演算能力，技术者为 了能互动地执行 LSI 或 electronics system 之开发、设 计所用的计算机。透过计算机网络与其

41、它 EWS 相互 接续而达到设计 Data 共有化，以构筑效率良好的分散 设计环境。英：It is a computer designed for high color graphic display calculation, and it is used for execute LSI interactively or for electronics system development. Through network, it can connect to other EWS to achieve data sharing designing, hence, better and effi

42、cient distributed deigning environment are built.Flatness大多指heat head与支撑台的平行度。热压着时，每个 tool 相互间的关系比平行度重要。英：Most of the time, Flatness means the parallelism between the heat tool and support platform. When there is heat, the relationships between each tool is more important than the parallelism.Flicke

43、r画面辉度之周期性变动。 也称为闪烁。出现 Cross Talk 较多的画面其 Flicker 也会较明显。 其起因与 Crosstalk 相同。英：Flicker is a periodic change of the brightness of the screen. Flicker is more obvious when there are more cross talk, and the cause of flicker is the same as Crosstalk.FPCFlexible Printed Circuit可挠曲印刷配线板。使用于实装有液晶 driver IC 的印

44、 刷基板与 COG 基板等界面上之配线板。英：FPC means flexible printed circuit board. FPC is the circuit that applies to printing circuit with LC driver IC and COG circuit interface.FCAFlip Chip Attachment为 face down bonding 其中一种。指将 LSI chip 上的接 续电极直接接续在基板或 package 的配线用电极上。 一般是在 LSI chip 上形成焊锡 bump 与基板接续，但 COG 则是使用导电 pa

45、ste、 ACF 等来接续 bump 与基 板。英：FCA is one type of the face down bonding. It means attaching the connecting electrode of LSI chip directly to the circuit or wiring electrode of package. Generally, LSI chip forms the soldering bump and attach to the circuit, but COG uses conductivity paste, or ACF for atta

46、chment between bump and circuit.FLCDFerroelectric Liquid Crystal Display指强诱电性液晶。材料使用 sematic 液晶，属于单纯 matrix 方式，可做高速应答。虽然使用在大型 panel 上价格较便宜， 但另一方面， 由于很难做安定的配向， 故在画面的要求上有其困难之处。英：It uses sematic LC as its material, which belongs to simple matrix type, and has high speed response. Although it is cheaper

47、 to apply on large type panel, but on the other hand, it is very hard to achieve stability. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve quality of the screen.Folding TCP将实装后的TCP折弯一次或二次之形态的TCP。有助 于面板边框area之狭小化。英：Folding TCP is formed by folding the fixed TCP once or twice, and it helps to minimise the fram

48、e area of circuitGPS以美国 24 个卫星传来的时间与位置等情报为基准而 知道现在位置的方法。将这个情报与地图情报搭配使 用的方法即可汽车导航系统。英：Global Positioning System allows users to find out the time, and exact current location through 24 different satellites. Applying this system and map information achieves the vehicle navigation system.Gray scale指介于最

49、大辉度与最小辉度之间的中间调显示。数字 信号输入时，与2, 3, 4, 6, 8 bit相对应的有4, 8, 16, 64,256 阶调。模拟信号输入则可作无限阶调之显示。阶 调显示的方式分为液晶驱动电压变化及 frame 间的时 间调节。英：Gray scale is for tuning the display between maximum and minimum brightness. When digital signal is input to it, according to 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 bit, there are 4, 8, 16, 64 and 256

50、 different gray levels. Analogue input can be used for infinity level tuning display. There are two ways of gray scale: LC driving voltage tuning and frame rate control.ILBInner Lead Bonding内引脚接合，指驱动 IC 之 bump 与 Poly-imide tape 上 之 Cu lead 以 Eutectic Bonding 方式接合之制程。 英：ILB bonding is a manufacturing

51、 process which attach the bump of Driver IC to the Cu lead on poly-imide tape with Eutectic Bonding method.Image sticking经过长时间显示同一 pattern 后，切换至其它显示时， 前面的 pattern 会长时间残留的现象。英：After a long displaying time of the same color pattern, the color pattern would stay on the screen over a period of time, onc

52、e switched to other color display.Interconnection pitch指接续pad或bump间的pitch。未必与画素pitch 一致。 使用面bump LSI时，接续pad可比画素pitch大。英：Interconnection pitch is the pitch connects pads or bumps, and it is not necessary to be the same as the pixel pitch. When using the bump LSI, the pad pitch can be larger than the

53、pixel pitch.Interlace将 1 个 frame 分成奇数号扫描及偶数号扫描这二种区 域，使这二种区域交替驱动之方式。可抑制闪烁。主 要使用于电视显示方面。计算机则以 non-interlace 驱 动为主。英：To split a frame into two areas with odd and even scanning lines. By allowing these two areas to switch driving modes between each other, flickering can be reduced. This is mainly used i

54、n traditional television sets. Computer monitors mostly use non-interlace mode.Inverted staggered structure TFTGate电极配置于下部(bottom gate)之stagger构造的TFT。可在真空中连续形成gate绝缘膜及半导体层， 因为易于使 MOS 界面清净化等理由，为多数的 a-Si TFT 所采用。英：It is a type of TFT that has Gate electrode fixed to the stagger of bottom gate. The gat

55、e insulated film and semi conductor layer can be formed in vacuum status. It is mostly applied to a-Si TFT because it is easier to purify MOS interface with it.Inverter将B?uL光源(萤光灯或EC)以高周波点亮的点灯回 路。英：It is a lighting circuit that lights the radiofrequency withB / L light source (florescent lamp or EC)

56、KGDKnown Good DieKnown good die 之简称。指经确认为良品之 LSI chip在 chip level 中受品质保证，但成本较高。 英：KGD is a high quality LSI chip, and it has quality guarantee in its chip level and cost more.LCDLiquid Crystal Display液晶显示器。利用偏极化光及液晶分子之特有光电特 性，以电压控制画素之亮及暗，达到影像明暗对比之 效果。英：LCD utilizes the polarization light and special

57、 light and electrical property of LC molecule to control the darkness and lightness of pixel with voltage. Hence, to achieve the effect of contrast between bright and dark.LCD Controller供给Driver回路（IC）上必要的timing信号等控制信 号的回路（ IC）。英：LCD controller supplies the necessarytiming signal for Driver IC and ot

58、her signal controlling IC.LCD Driver指驱动液晶panel的回路或IC。以matrix来表示，可 分为行电极 Driver 与列电极 Driver英：LCD Driver is for driving LC panel circuit or IC. In matrix terms, it can be differentiated into column electrode Driver and row electrode Driver.LCD Projector将小型的液晶面板(LCD pan el)放大投影而取得大画 面之方式。可分为使用 3片单色 TFT

59、 的 3 板式及使用 1 片彩色 TFT 的单板式。从价格、重量来看，单板式 较有利。 3 板式系利用二色镜( dichroic mirror )自光 源的光中取出光的三原色后进行彩色之显示。分为 rear pro 与 front pro 二种方式。就亮度来说， rear pro 较有利。英：A method to magnify and project a smaller-sized LCD panel into a bigger display. This can be achieved by using either three single-color TFT or one color

60、 TFT. From a price and weight standpoint, it should be more beneficial to use the one color TFT method. The three single-color TFT method uses a dichroic mirror to display the colors from external light sources. It is divided into rear projector and front projector. In terms of brightness, rear proj