2022-2023学年南京市重点中学高三压轴卷英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项:1答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2答题时请按要求用笔。3请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1_ such a problem before, we handled the situation very well this time.ADeal with

2、BDealing withCTo deal withDHaving dealt with2With the development of agriculture, the people_ village I taught arenow living a happy life.Ain whoseBwhoseCin whichDwhich3The village evolved into a major e-commerce center, and _ the past, the villagers owed their success to the reform and opening-up p

3、olicy.Areviewed BreviewingCto review Dbeing reviewed4_ online payment is safe, people will be more likely to link their bank cards to WeChat.A Even though B As though C Ever since D As long as5According to The Sun, British scientists have solved the ancient riddle of _ came firstchicken or egg?Awho

4、BwhatCwhich Dthat6_ on February 5, 2019, the Wandering Earth soon became a great hit.AReleasingBBeing releasedCReleasedDTo release7That children _meet with setbacks is a matter of necessity as they_, so parents dont worry about that.Ashall; grew upBmust； grew upCcan; grow upDwill; grow up8Many thoug

5、ht that after starring in the immensely popular drama，Nirvana in Fire，Hu Ge would _ and actively seek new rolesAmake a mountain out of a molehillBhave too many irons in the fireCstrike while the iron is hotDput the cart before the horse9Dream of the Red Chamber is believed to be semi-autobiographica

6、l, _the fortunes of Caos own family.Amirrored Bto mirrorCmirroring Dmirror10_the weather ,the sports meet will be held on time .AInstead ofBIn relation toCRegardless ofDIn favor of11Mum, do you mind if I invite some friends to my birthday party?_. It will be more interesting.ABy no meansBYes, of cou

7、rseCDont worryDNo doubt.12-Oh, we have finished our task and can have a good rest- _Our manager took another order yesterdayAYes, it willBI dont take much of itCIts possibleDIts hard to say13His brother aims to be _ of his parents by the time he is twenty.AinnocentBbeneficialCinvisibleDindependent14

8、_ the students were hearing the exciting news!AHow happilyBWhat a funCWhat pleasureDHow pleased 15In many ways, the magic of AI is _ its not something you can see or touch.AwhetherBwhatCthatDwhy16As one of the most popular artists in the US, not only_ with her hit songs, but has inspired women with

9、her devotion to charity. Ahas Beyonce influenced pop culture Binfluenced pop culture has BeyonceCBeyonce has influenced pop cultureDinfluenced pop culture Beyonce has 17He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he _ be quite charming when he wishes.AshallBshouldCcanDmust18The science competition is a good op

10、portunity to show students _ creativity can add new value to their school life.AwhereBwhetherChowDwhen19A problem has occurred we should develop innovative thinking abilities in the classrooms by giving students opportunities to generate new ideas.Awhat BwhereCwhether Dthat20It is what you do rather

11、 than what you say _ matters.AthatBwhatCwhichDthis第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） In a recent series of experiments at the University of California, researchers studied toddlers thinking about winners and losers, bullies (欺凌) and victims.In the first experiment, toddlers (学步儿

12、童) watched a scene in which two puppets (木偶) had conflicting goals: One was crossing a stage from right to left, and the other from left to right. The puppets met in the middle and stopped. Eventually one puppet bowed down and moved aside, letting the other one pass by. Then researchers asked the to

13、ddlers which puppet they liked. The result: 20 out of 23 toddlers picked the higher-status puppet the one that did not bow or move aside. It seems that individuals can gain status for being dominant (占优势的) and toddlers like winners better than losers.But then researchers had another question: Do tod

14、dlers like winners no matter how they win? So, researchers did another experiment very similar to the one described above. But this time, the conflict ended because one puppet knocked the other down and out of the way. Now when the toddlers were asked who they liked, the results were different: Only

15、 4 out of 23 children liked the winner.These data suggest that children already love a winner by the age of 21-31 months. This does not necessarily mean that the preference is inborn: 21 months is enough time to learn a lot of things. But if a preference for winners is something we learn, we appear

16、to learn it quite early.Even more interesting, the preference for winners is not absolute. Children in our study did not like a winner who knocked a competitor down. This suggests that already by the age of 21-31 months, childrens liking for winners is balanced with other social concerns, including

17、perhaps a general preference for nice or helpful people over aggressive ones.In a time when the news is full of stories of public figures who celebrate winning at all costs, these results give us much confidence. Humans understand dominance, but we also expect strong individuals to guide, protect an

18、d help others. This feels like good news.1、One of the purposes of the experiments is to _.Ateach toddlers how to gain higher statusBoffer toddlers a chance to watch a sceneCobserve the process of toddlers solving a conflictDfind out toddlers attitude toward winners and losers2、The toddlers regarded

19、bowing and moving aside as a sign of _.Aobeying rulesBgaining statusCgiving in to the otherDshowing good manners3、What does the second experiment tell us about toddlers?AThey are excellent learners.BThey are always changeable.CThey show mercy to the loser.DThey value kindness over winning.4、What doe

20、s the author think of the results of the series of experiments?ADisappointing.BEncouraging.CUnexpected.DControversial.22（8分）There is a lot to learn about the creations of Beatrix Potternot only is she the author and illustrator of one of the worlds most famous childrens books,The Tale of Peter Rabbi

21、t,but also a pioneering conservationist with the spirit of a scientist.Potter grew up as the daughter of a wealthy Victorian family,but along with her brother who filled an entire floor of their large house in London with all sorts of animals,said Anne Lundin,a retired professor for the UW-Madison S

22、chool of Library and Information Studies.As an adult,she was a frustrated botanical illustrator and scientist.That field was not open to her because she was female,Lundin said.Potter was urged to tum the charming illustrations and stories she wrote in letters to children into books.She wrote 23 book

23、s in alla body of work that has inspired plays,ballets,films and an astonishing amount of merchandise.The Tale of Peter Rabbit is probably the most famous childrens book in the world,which was published in 1902 and has really stood the test of time.Its been translated into 36 languages.The parents a

24、nd grandparents will share it with the next generation,said Lundin.Potter also made a mark on the world through her land conservation.In many ways,she was like Peter Rabbit, venturing into a world of adventure and risk.She withdrew from London as soon as she started making some money on her books to

25、 the Lake District and became an extremely important farmer and conservationist.She preserved and passed on 15 farms and over 4,000 acres,which were given back to the country as gifts in the 20th century,said Lundin.Even though she was born 150 years ago,she was amazingly modernher embracing of the

26、natural world, commented Jennifer Blatchley Smith,an artistic director of the show Peter Rabbit Tales to celebrate the 150th anniversary of Potters birth.1、What helped Beatrix Potter to write The Tale of Peter Rabbit successfully ?AHer life and work experiences.BHer specialty in animated（动画）pictures

27、.CHer success in becoming a botanical scientist.DHer interest in animals in childhood alone.2、What does the word frustrated in the third paragraph mean?ADisappointed. BDevoted.CMotivated. DInspired.3、What is Beatrix Potter?AA botanist and artist.BAn extremely important farmer and successful scientis

28、t.CA writer,conservationist and farmer.DAn artistic director.4、Why does the author write the article?AIn celebration of Potters 150th birthday.BIn honour of Potters new contributions.CIn praise of Potters spirit of selflessness.DIn support of Potters book promotions.23（8分）When I was ten years old I

29、went to the USA to visit some family friends. I noticed something funny about the way everyone spoke English.One moment! I remember very clearly was at the beginning of the holiday, when my friend asked me if I wanted to order “French fries”. I couldnt imagine what they were. She was amazed that I h

30、ad never tried them and she ordered a portion for us to share. When the waiter brought us some chips, I asked her where the French fries were. She pointed at the plate of chips! Later that week she said she was going to buy some “chips” from the supermarket. She came out with a packet of crisps（薯片）!

31、 How come?During that holiday we were also offered “biscuits” with our lunch. This was a very strange idea to me, because in England biscuits are sweet. I later realized that “biscuits” in America are salty snacks. What we call “biscuits, they call “cookies”.I was also embarrassed when a stranger to

32、ld me she liked my “pants”. I wondered how she could see them! My mum then told me that they call “pants” what we call “trousers”, the outer clothing that you wear on your legs instead of inside clothing!I was disgusted when I saw an “eggplant” pizza on the menu in a restaurant. But I was puzzled ho

33、w eggs can grow on plants. My dad ordered this pizza and it was covered in aubergines（茄子）. “They call aubergines eggplant in America!” he told me.I think part of the excitement of learning a language is learning about the differences that exist in how it is spoken in different places.1、What is the t

34、ext mainly about?AA visit to the United States. BDifficulties in speaking English.CWays to speak English correctly. DDifferent English in different places.2、How did the author feel when his friend bought crisps?AExcited. BPuzzled.CEmbarrassed. DDisappointed.3、What does the underlined word “them” in

35、Paragraph 4?ALegs. BJewels.CTrousers. DUnderclothes.24（8分） Life can be so wonderful, full of adventure and joy. It can also be full of challenges, setbacks and heartbreaks. Whatever our circumstances, we generally still have dreams, hopes and desires that little something more we want for ourselves

36、and our loved ones. Yet knowing we can have more can also create a problem, because when we go to change the way we do things, up come the old patterns and pitfalls that stopped us from seeking what we wanted in the first place.This tension between what we feel we can have and what were seemingly ab

37、le to have is the niggling suffering, the anxiety we feel. This is where we usually think its easier to just give up. But were never meant to let go of the part of us that knows we can have more. The intelligence behind that knowing is usthe real us. Its the part that believes in life and its possib

38、ilities. If you drop that, you begin to feel a little dead inside because youre dropping you.So, if we have this capability but somehow life seems to keep us stuck, how do we break these patterns?Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time. This is good advice for a new adventure or just

39、getting through todays challenges.While, deep down, we know we can do it, our mindor the minds of those close to ususually says we cant.That isnt a reason to stop, its just the mind, that little man or woman on your shoulder, trying to talk you out of something again. It has done it many times befor

40、e. Its all about starting simple and doing it now.Decide and act before over-thinking. When you do this you may feel a little, or large, release from the jail of your mind and youll be on your way.1、According to the passage, life is always .Afull of joy Bfull of challengesCso wonderful Dchanging2、It

41、 can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that we should _ .Aslow down and live a simple lifeBbe careful when we choose to changeCstick to our dreams under any circumstancesDbe content with what we already have3、What is the key to breaking the old patterns?ATo focus on every detail.BTo decide a

42、nd take immediate action.CTo listen to those close to us.DTo think twice before we act.4、Which of the following best explains the underlined part in the last paragraph?AEscape from your punishment.BRealization of your dreams.CFreedom from your tension.DReduction of your expectations.5、What does the

43、author intend to tell us?AIts easier than we think to get what we want.BIts important to learn to accept sufferings in life.CIts impractical to change our way of thinking.DIts harder than we expect to follow a new course.25（10分）My grandmother Rosalind Einhorn was born exactly fifty-two years before

44、I was, on August 28, 1917. Like many poor Jewish families in New York City, hers lived in a small, crowded apartment close to their relatives. Her parents, aunts, and uncles addressed her male cousins by their given names, but she and her sister were referred to only as “Girlie”.During the Depressio

45、n my grandmother was pulled out of Morris High School to help support the household by sewing fabric flowers onto undergarments that her mother could resell for a tiny profit. No one in the community would have considered taking a boy out of school. A boys edocation was the familys hope to move up t

46、he financial and social ladder. Education for girls, however, was less significant both financially, since they were unlikely to contribute to the familys income, and culturally, since boys were expected to study the Torah while girls were expected to run a “proper home?!” Luckily for my grandmother

47、, a local teacher insisted that her parents put her back into school. She went on not only to finish high school but to graduate from U.C Berkeley.After college, “Girlie” worked selling pocketbooks and accessories at Davids Fifth Avenue. When she left her job to marry my grandfather, Davids had to h

48、ire four people to replace her. Years later, when my grandfathers paint business was struggling, she jumped in and looked some of the hard steps he was reluctant to take, helping to save the family from financial ruin. She displayed her business ability again in her forties. After being diagnosed (诊

49、断) with breast cancer, she beat it and then devoted herself to raising money for the clinic that treated her by selling some watches. Girlie ended up with a profit that Apple would envy. I have never met anyone with more energy and determination than my grandmother.When my grandmother had children o

50、f her ownmy mother and her two brothersshe emphasized education for all of them. My mother attended the University of Pennsylvania. When she graduated in 1965 with a degree in French literature, she surveyed a workforce that she believed consisted of two career options for women: teaching or nursing

51、. She chose teaching. She began a Ph. Dprogramme, got married, and then dropped out when she became pregnant with me. It was thought to be a sign of weakness if a husband needed his wifes help to support their family, so my mother became a stay-at-home parent and an active volunteer. The centuries-o

52、ld division of labour stood.Even though I grew up in a traditional home, my parents had the same expectations for me. My sister, and my brother, all three of us were encouraged to do well in school, do equal routine tasks, and participate in after-school activities. We were all supposed to be athlet

53、ic too. My brother and sister joined sports teams, but I was the kid who got picked last in gym. Despite my athletic shortcomings, I was raised to believe that girls could do anything boys could do and that all career paths were open to me.When I arrived at college in the fall of 1987, my classmates

54、 of both genders seemed equally focused on academics. I dont remember thinking about my future career differently from the male students. I also dont remember any conversations about someday balancing work and children. My friends and I assumed that we would have both. Men and women competed openly

55、and aggressively with one another in classes, activities, and job interviews. Just two generations removed from my grandmother, the playing field seemed to be level.But more than twenty years after my college graduation, the world has not evolved nearly as much as I believed it would. Almost all of

56、my male classmates work in professional settings. Some of my female classmates work full-time or part-time outside the home, and just as many are stay-at-home mothers and volunteers like my mom. This mirrors the national trend. In comparison to their male counterparts (相同能力者), highly trained women a

57、re scaling back and dropping out of the workforce in high numbers.1、Why were the writers grandma and her sisters called “Girlie”?AThey had not yet got their given nams.BThey were highly valued by their ciders.CThey shared apparent similarities in many ways.DThey were regarded as less important than

58、boys.2、From Paragraph 2 we can mainly learn _.Ahow people suffered during the DepressionBwhat resulted in the social division of labourCwho took responsibility for supporting a familyDwhy education was essential for all the children3、What conclusion can we draw about the writers grandmother?AShe was

59、 an extraordinarily able and tough woman.BShe was full of ideas for solving various problems.CShe benefited greatly from her family background.DShe had special ways of teaching her own children.4、What might people think when the writers mother gave up her job?AHer freedom of choice ought to be well

60、respected.BHer job should be taken over by a younger person.CIt was a real shame about her losing that good job.DIt was quite normal for a woman like her to do so.5、From the description of the writers own life, we can see _.Agreat expectations in the students mindsBseeming social progress in certain