OSPF网络协议配置指南

1、OSPF网络协议配置指南技术创新，变革未来掌握OSPF协议的配置在协议的学习过程中是非常重要的，可以巩固对于所学知识的了解程度。本章介绍了OSPF协议的配置步骤，以及OSPF的维护调试命令，阐述了在不同类型的网络中对于OSPF协议参数的修改方法，并且对于默认路由的配置方法也进行了讲解。引入掌握OSPF单区域的配置掌握OSPF多区域的配置掌握OSPF相关参数的配置掌握OSPF引入缺省路由的配置了解OSPF显示和调试命令课程目标学习完本课程，您应该能够：OSPF基本功能配置OSPF基本配置示例OSPF显示与调试优化OSPF网络目录配置OSPF基本功能启动OSPF进程Routerospf proce

2、ss-id 配置OSPF区域Router-ospf-1area area-id 配置区域所包含的网段并在指定网段的接口上使能OSPFRouter-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network network-address wildcard-mask Router ID的配置配置设备的Router IDRouterrouter id router-id这种配置方法，所有协议的Router ID都被指定。配置OSPF协议的Router IDRouterospf process-id router-id router-id这种配置方法，只配置OSPF协议使用的Router ID。OSPF基

3、本功能配置OSPF基本配置示例OSPF显示与调试优化OSPF网络目录OSPF单区域配置示例RTARTB10.0.0.1/2410.0.0.2/24Area0RTA ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1RTA-ospf-1 area 0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255RTB ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2RTB-ospf-1 area 0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255OSPF多区域配置示例RTA RTB 10.0.0.2/2410

4、.0.0.1/2420.0.0.1/24Area020.0.0.2/24RTC Area1RTB ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2RTB-ospf-1 area 0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 quitRTB-ospf-1 area 1RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1 network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255RTA ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1RTA-ospf-1 area 0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.

5、0.0 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255RTC ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3RTC-ospf-1 area 1RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1 network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255OSPF基本功能配置OSPF基本配置示例OSPF显示与调试优化OSPF网络目录显示OSPF邻居信息邻居路由器的Router ID1.1.1.1是10.0.0.0/24网段的BDR3.3.3.3是20.0.0.0/24网段的DR该台路由器的Router ID选举DR/BDR采用的优先级Routerdisplay ospf peer OSPF Proc

6、ess 100 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Neighbor Brief Information Area: 0.0.0.0 Router ID Address Pri Dead-Time Interface State 1.1.1.1 10.0.0.1 1 35 GE0/0 Full/BDR Area: 0.0.0.1 3.3.3.3 20.0.0.1 1 35 GE0/0 Full/DR 显示OSPF接口信息链路的OSPF网络类型该台OSPF路由器在当前链路上的状态是BDRRouterdisplay ospf interface OSPF Process 100 with

7、 Router ID 2.2.2.2 Neighbor Brief Information Area: 0.0.0.0 IP Address Type State Cost Pri DR BDR 10.0.0.2 PTP P-2-P 1562 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Area: 0.0.0.1 IP Address Type State Cost Pri DR BDR 20.0.0.2 Broadcast BDR 1 1 20.0.0.1 20.0.0.2 P2P链路上没有DR和BDR显示OSPF路由信息 OSPF区域路由发布者Routerdisplay ospf routing

8、OSPF Process 100 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Routing Tables Routing for Network Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area 20.0.0.0/24 1 Transit 20.0.0.2 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.1 10.0.0.0/24 1 Transit 10.0.0.2 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 10.0.1.1/32 1 Stub 10.0.0.1 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 显示IP路由表中的OSPF路由 OSPF协议优先级为10OSPF路由Routerdi

9、splay ip routing-table Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 8 Routes : 8 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface 1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 10.0.0.1 GE0/0 2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1 20.0.0.1 GE0/1 10.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 10.0.0.2 GE0/0 10.0.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 10.0

10、.0.1 GE0/0 20.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 20.0.0.2 GE0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0其它OSPF信息显示显示OSPF摘要信息display ospf brief显示OSPF统计信息display ospf cumulative显示OSPF的错误信息display ospf error显示OSPF的LSDB信息display ospf lsdbRouterdisplay ospf briefRouterdisplay o

11、spf cumulativeRouterdisplay ospf errorRouterdisplay ospf lsdb debugging ospf event OSPF 100: Nbr 10.0.0.2 Rcv HelloReceived State Down - Init. OSPF 100: Nbr 10.0.0.2 Rcv 2WayReceived State Init - 2Way. OSPF 100: Nbr 10.0.0.2 Rcv AdjOk? State 2Way - ExStart. OSPF 100: Nbr 10.0.0.2 Rcv NegotiationDone

12、 State ExStart - Exchange. OSPF 100: Nbr 10.0.0.2 Rcv ExchangeDone State Exchange - Loading. OSPF 100: Nbr 10.0.0.2 Rcv LoadingDone State Loading - Full. OSPF事件调试命令RTA10.0.0.1/2410.0.0.2/24Area0RTBGE 0/0GE 0/0其它OSPF调试命令OSPF链路状态通告调试信息debugging ospf lsaOSPF报文调试信息debugging ospf packetOSPF路由计算调试信息debugg

13、ing ospf spfOSPF进程调试信息debugging ospf lsadebugging ospf packetdebugging ospf spfdebugging ospf INTEGER OSPF基本功能配置OSPF基本配置示例OSPF显示与调试优化OSPF网络目录OSPF网络类型及选举优先级配置配置OSPF接口的网络类型Router-GigabitEthernet0/0 ospf network-type broadcast | nbma | p2mp | p2p 配置NBMA网络的邻居Router-ospf-1 peer ip-address dr-priority dr-

14、priority 配置OSPF接口的路由器优先级Router-GigabitEthernet0/0 ospf dr-priority priorityNBMA网络类型配置示例帧中继网络RTARTBRTCDLCI=20DLCI=30DLCI=40RTA-ospf-1 peer 10.0.1.2RTA-ospf-1 peer 10.0.1.3 RTA-ospf-1 area 0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 RTB-ospf-1 peer 10.0.1.1RTB-ospf-1 peer 10.0.1.3RTB-ospf-1 ar

15、ea 0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 RTC-ospf-1 peer 10.0.1.1RTC-ospf-1 peer 10.0.1.2RTC-ospf-1 area 0RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 10.0.1.1/2410.0.1.2/2410.0.1.3/24P2MP网络类型配置示例帧中继网络RTA10.0.1.1/24RTBRTC10.0.1.2/2410.0.1.3/24DLCI=50DLCI=20DLCI=30DLCI=40RTA-Seria

16、l5/0 fr map ip 10.0.1.3 20 broadcast RTA-Serial5/0 fr map ip 10.0.1.2 50 broadcast RTA-Serial5/0 ospf network-type p2mpRTA-ospf-1 area 0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 RTB-Serial5/0 fr map ip 10.0.1.1 30 broadcast RTB-Serial5/0 ospf network-type p2mpRTB-ospf-1 area 0RTB-ospf-1-are

17、a-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 RTC-Serial5/0 fr map ip 10.0.1.1 40 broadcast RTC-Serial5/0 ospf network-type p2mpRTC-ospf-1 area 0RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 配置OSPF接口开销配置OSPF接口的开销值Router-GigabitEthernet0/0 ospf cost value缺省情况下，接口按照当前的波特率自动计算开销。配置OSPF接口的参考带宽Router-ospf-1

18、bandwidth-reference value缺省情况下，带宽参考值为100Mbps，因此百兆和千兆以太网的接口开销都被计算为1。OSPF接口开销配置示例RTC display ip routing-tableDestination/Mask Proto Pre Cost1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 101RTA RTB G0/0G0/0G0/0Area0G0/1RTC Area1RTC interface GigabitEthernet0/0RTC-GigabitEthernet0/0 ospf cost 1001.1.1.1/32配置OSPF报文定时器配置OSPF的Hello定

19、时器Router- ospf-1 ospf timer hello seconds配置OSPF的邻居失效时间Router-ospf-1 ospf timer dead secondsRTBdisplay ospf peer OSPF Process 100 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Neighbor Brief Information Area: 0.0.0.0 Router ID Address Pri Dead-Time Interface State 1.1.1.1 10.0.0.1 1 35 GE0/0 Full/BDR 邻居失效定时器报文定时器默认值网络类型Hello定时器（S）邻居失效时间（S）Broadcast1040P2P1040NBMA30120P2MP30120配置OSPF引入缺省路由default-route