大学英语教案 Unit17

1、Unit 7I. Background information：1KFC: Kentucky Fried Chicken, known as KFC in the US, is the worlds most popular chicken restaurant chain. The company originated and still has its headquarters in the US. It now has more than 30,000 restaurants worldwide. For more information, check out KFCs homepage

2、 at HYPERLINK .2Blakes Thames: Blake, William (1757 - 1827) was an English poet and artist whose best known books of poems are Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. The quotation used in Passage A comes from the first verse of a poem called “London.” More information about William Blake can be

3、 found from links at /penn/blake1.htm . Collections of his works can be found at HYPERLINK .3. The Thames The Thames is the main river flowing through London, and Englands most important river. For more information, check out the website at http:/www.riverthames.co.uk . 4. 911: This is the emergency

4、 telephone number in the US and Candada for contacting the police department, the fire department or medical emergency services.II. Text Analysis: Main idea and devices for developing it1. Main idea of the text? One night two armed young men robbed me of money, watch and even KFC. Next day, I went t

5、o look through the mug shots at the police station, affected with the impression that these young men, like a raging current, were eating at the foundations of what we had held dear.2. Devices for developing it?Narration (叙事法)Example: “Wheres your money? Wheres your money”(对话) he barked. Everything

6、he said during our encounter was repeated; instinctively, I did the same. (描写) (Para. 4) “Its in my wallet. Its in my wallet,” I said. (对话) (Para. 5) He moved behind me, put his gun on my neck and began to search my trousers pockets. (叙事) (Para. 6)Description (描写法)Example 1 : Just then, his partner

7、appeared. Slight and shorter, he held an enlarged blue steel pistol. His dark eyes shone like polished glass; his arms and legs moved unexpectedly, as if attached to unseen wires. (Para. 13)Chinese: 就在这时，他的同伙出现了。他很瘦小，手持一支加大的蓝色钢制手枪。他深色的眼睛里闪着光，好似擦亮了的玻璃；他手臂和双腿冷不防地移动着，就好像是连着看不见的电线似的。（第13段）Example 2: Tur

8、ning those pages and studying their photographs is like flowing on a sad current that, like Blakes Thames, seems to “mark in every face, marks weakness, marks of woe.”(Para. 32)Chinese: 一张张翻看并研读这些照片，仿佛漂流在一条令人伤心的河流上，就像身处英国诗人布莱克笔下的泰晤士河畔，似乎“看见每一个过往行人满脸饥色，满脸愁苦” 。（第32段）Dialogue (对话法)Example 1: (Para. 7-1

9、1) “Wheres your wallet?” he asked. “Its in my back pocket.” “Wheres the rest of your money?” “I dont have any more money.” “Wheres your watch?”Chinese: “你的钱包呢？” 他问。 “在后面的口袋里。” “还有呢？” “我就这么多钱了。” “你的手表呢？” （第7 到11 段）Example 2: (Para 20-23) “Whats this?” the big one asked. I rolled my head to the right.

10、 “Its KFC chickens,” I said. “Well take it,” the big one snapped.Chinese: “这是什么？” 大个子问道。 我把头转向右边。 “是肯德基炸鸡，”我说。 “我们把它带走，”大个子厉声说道。（第20 到23 段）3. Main idea of each part and devices for developing it?Part I (Para. 1): Main idea: In spite of my caution, someone attacked me.Devices for developing it: Descr

11、iption of sequential actions (动作顺序法) Key words: being cautious; scan the street before pulling in; walking out of the garage; a man emerged and put his gun at meExample: Like most city folks, Im cautious. I scan the street and pathways for anything or anyone unusual before pulling into the garage. T

12、hat night was no exception. But, as I walked out of the garage, KFC chicken in hand, a portly, unshaven young man in a stocking cap and dark nylon jacket emerged from the shrub by the parking pad and put his pistol between my eyes. Chinese: 和大多数城里人一样，我非常小心谨慎。在把车开进车库前，我会扫视街道和周围的小路，看看有没有异常的人或东西。那天晚上也不

13、例外。可是当我手里拿着肯德基炸鸡走出车库时，一个肥壮、留着短髭、头戴绒线帽、身穿深色尼龙夹克的年轻人从停车处旁边的灌木丛中钻出来，把手枪顶在我的双眼之间。Part II (Para.2-27): Main idea: I was robbed by two young men, losing my money, watch and chicken. Devices for developing it: Combination of narration-description-dialogue (叙事-描写-对话结合法) Example: His voice snapped, “Stop loo

14、king at us. Stop looking at us.”(描写-对话) He wasnt stupid. Ive seen enough criminal trials to know victims of armed attacks are seldom able to identify their offenders because their attention focuses on the guns, rather than on their users. I consciously noted details of their faces. (描写) ” Im not loo

15、king at you,” I lied as the big one ripped the watch from my wrist.(对话-叙事) “Get down. Get down,” the thin one ordered. He grabbed my glasses and tossed them onto the lawn.(对话-叙事)Chinese： 他厉声说道，“不许朝我们看，不许朝我们看。” (描写-对话) 他并不蠢。我看过许多刑事审判，因而知道在那些武装袭击的受害者中，很少有人能够辨认出那些袭击他们的人，因为他们的注意力全集中在枪上，而没有放在持枪人身上。我有意识地留

16、意了一下他们面部的细节。 (描写) “我没有看你们。”当那个大个子劫匪把手表从我的手腕上扯下来时，我撒了个谎。 (对话-叙事) “趴下，趴下，” 那小个子命令我，并一把摘下了我的眼镜，把它扔到了草坪上。 (对话-叙事)Part III (Para.28-30): Main idea: Back at home, I reported the robbery to the police and they inquired into the case. Devices for developing it: Description of sequential actions (动作顺序法)Analy

17、sis: The set of actions leading to the main idea: got up, found the keys, entered his house and called 911; the police took a note and sent a police car; had a drink, the policemen came and took; he reported to the policePart IV (Para.31-34): Main idea: When looking through the mug shots at the stat

18、ion, I began to reflect on the damages these young people have done to our society.Devices for developing it: Description (描写法)- description of my feelings and reflectionsExample: Para.33 (Description of my reflection) Together, these young men are a kind of river one that is out of control, eating

19、at the foundations of things we hold dear: our freedom to move about; the fruits of labor; our own lives and those of people we value. Some day, we will have to face this river and seek the depths of its discontent.Chinese：这些年轻人聚合在一起构成了一条河流一条已经失去控制的河流，这条河流正吞噬着我们所珍视的东西的基础：我们的行动自由；我们的劳动果实；我们的生命，以及那些我们

20、尊敬的人的生命。总有一天，我们将不得不面对这条河流，并探索其对现实不满的深层原因。III. Expressions & PatternsExpressions1. face to face (with): 面对面的/地 e.g. Theyve had a lot of online chatting, but they never had a face-to-face conversation.他们常常在网上交谈,但从来没有过面谈。 2. to scan the street and pathways for anything (L. 1): 扫视街道与小路看看 e.g. With a new

21、spaper on hand, many young men first scan it for the names of their favorite stars, and then glance at the other news. 拿到报纸，许多年轻人首先要找他们喜欢的明x星的名字，然后才会浏览其它消息。3. to be no exception (L. 2): 也不例外 e.g. To err is human, and nobody can be an exception. 人都会出错，没有人例外。 4. to emerge from the shrub (L. 4): 从灌木丛中钻

22、出来 e.g. Finally, the truth emerged from behind the numerous confusing facts and materials. 真相终于从大量纷乱的事实与材料之中显露出来。 5. to be cautious of (L.1): 对谨慎的(非常小心的；细心的) e.g. As the examples of their children, parents need to be cautious of their behaviors and speeches. 作为自己孩子的榜样，父母言行需谨慎。 6. to pull into (L. 2)

23、: （车）停靠，驶向（一旁） e.g. The bus pulled into the opening at the side of the road to let the cars pass. 公交车开到路边的空地上，让那些小汽车通过。 7as if (L. 23)：似乎，仿佛 e.g. She opened her lips as if to say something but stopped . 她张了张嘴，欲言又止。 8. to attach to (L.23): 系在上，连接到 e.g. Attach the handle to the box. 把这个把手装到箱子上。 9. to

24、focus on (L. 26): 集中（于某事物） e.g. I dont know why I am so tired that I can not focus my attention on anything in class today. 我不知道今天怎么这么累，在课堂上注意力怎么也集中不起来。 10. rather than (L 27): 而不，不愿， e.g. I think Ill have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我想要一杯冷饮，而不是咖啡。 e.g. I want to see a funny program but not a s

25、erious one. I enjoy laughing rather than crying. 我想看轻松的节目，而不是严肃的节目。我喜欢笑而不是哭。 11to have mercy on sb. (L. 33): 可怜某人 e.g. The seized soldier appealed to his enemy to have mercy on him. 被俘的士兵乞求敌人宽恕他。 12to turn to (L. 41): 转向(求助于) e.g. Turning to drink to free you of worries tends to make your mood worse

26、.借酒浇愁愁更愁。 13. to get to ones feet (L. 45): 站起来 e.g. It is a custom in China to get to ones feet to greet visitors. 站起来迎接客人是中国人的习俗。 14. to look through (L. 52): 浏览，仔细查看 e.g. Ill look through my notes but I dont think I have a record of his name. 我会仔细看一下我的笔记，可我觉得我没有记下他的名字。 e.g. Look through your exami

27、nation paper for any small mistakes before you hand it in. 交卷前，好好检查一下你的试卷，看看有没有小错。 15. to be out of control (L. 59): 失去控制 e.g. The fire is burning out of control. 火势已经失去控制。 16. to eat (away) at (L. 59): 逐渐毁掉，侵蚀 e.g. The river is eating away at the bank. 这条河流正慢慢侵蚀着河堤。 17. to hold sb./sth. dear (L. 60

28、): 极爱某人或某物 e.g. Honor and opportunity in life I hold dear; morality and principle I hold dearer. 我珍爱生活中的荣誉与机遇，但更珍视生活中的道义与原则。 18. to seek the depths of its discontent (L. 61): 探索其对现实不满的深层原因 e.g. Sociologists are working hard to seek the depths of the increasing rate of violence crime among youngsters

29、. 社会学家们正在努力探索青少年暴力犯罪率不断上升的深层原因。Patterns for you to use as models1. Typical patterns for concurrence:Example 1: As I spoke, I set the KFC box on the planter beside the pathway. (L. 7)句型提炼: As sb did sth, sb/someone else did sth else. 应用: a. 警察从前门冲进大楼的时候，这群小偷从后门逃走了。 As the police were entering the bui

30、lding from the front entrance, the thieves escaped through the back door. b. 警察一边喊着：“不许动！”， 一边拔枪。 As he shouted: “Freeze!”, the policeman pulled out his pistol.Example 2: “Here,” I replied, extending my left arm sideways. (L. 19) 句型提炼: Sb does/did sth, doing sth else. 应用: a. 妻子一边开门，一边说她再也不回这个家了。 The

31、 wife opened the door, saying she would never return to this home. b. 父亲一边威胁着要教训他不争气的儿子，一边举起了手中的鞭子。 The father threatened to teach his shameful son a good lesson, raising the whip in his hand. 2. Typical patterns for simile Example 1: His dark eyes shone like polished glass. (L. 22) Example 2:Turnin

32、g those pages and studying their photographs is like flowing on a sad current (L. 56)句型提炼: Sb/Sth does sth like sth. 某人/某物做某事，好像/好似一样。 Doing sth is like / just the same as (doing) sth else.做某事仿佛(做)另一件事一样。应用: a. 她漂亮的长发从肩头垂下，好似一条黑色的瀑布。 Her beautiful long hair fell down over her shoulders like a black

33、waterfall. b. 学如逆水行舟，不进则退。 Learning is like rowing upstream; you either struggle forward or drop behind.3. Typical patterns for suggestionExample: Presently, all we can do is look at smug shots and stick our fingers in the dam. (L. 63)句型提炼: All (that) sb could/can do is (to) do sth. 某人所能做的事是应用: a. 作

34、为大学生，你现在所能做的事情就是全身心地获取知识。As a student, all youve got to do now at college is to put all your heart into acquiring knowledge.b. 在抗击非典的战斗中，一个普通公民所能做的就是坚守岗位，更加努力地工作。During the battle against SARS, all an ordinary citizen could do was stick to his / her post and work harder.VI. Reading Skills1. Introduc

35、tion：Reading Between the LinesReading between the lines means drawing understanding about the authors ideas from what is written and from what is not written. Writers dont always express all their thoughts openly, either as a matter of style, or because they assume we know and share their opinions-o

36、r because they arent sure how to express themselves. To draw inferences about the authors ideas we have to be very careful with what is advised. 1) You have to make use of context clues, common sense and our knowledge of the world 2) Connect ideas and draw conclusion from the reading passage3) Form

37、and test what you have understood between the lines. The reading act is a two-way communication between the reader and the writer about understanding, forming ideas, testing your ideas during the reading of the passage, correcting or changing your own ideas and understanding and, finally, you are ab

38、le to get what the writer is driving at or communicating.2. Examples: now here are some more examples taken from passage A. 1. “Hey,” I said, “just take it.” As I spoke, I set the KFC box on the planter beside the pathway, contriving as I did so to toss my house keys into a bush. (Para. 3, Passage A

39、) Question: Why did the writer toss his house keys into a bush? Possible answer: He would not let the robbers to have his keys to the house.2. He wasnt stupid. Ive seen enough criminal trials to know victims of armed attacks are seldom able to identify their offenders because their attention focuses

40、 on the guns, rather than on their users. I consciously noted details of their faces. (Para. 15, Passage A) Question: Do you think the writer was stupid, too? Possible answer: No. The writer was careful enough to note details of the robbers so that he could identify them later if possible.Section B

41、I. language points 1. advocate: vt. 主张，倡导 e.g. People running for president often advocate reducing taxes. 竞选总统的人往往主张减税。 2. Ignorance: n. 无知，不了解 e.g. Someone who has little official education may show ignorance of history, butbe very knowledgeable about practical matters. 一些没有受过正规教育的人可能对历史一无所知，但对于实际

42、的事情却知道很多。 e.g. Sometimes children do dangerous things out of ignorance. 有时孩子们出于无知会做出些危险的事情。 3. Previous: a. 先前的，之前的 e.g. He said during the previous year the company suffered heavy losses. 他说在过去的一年中公司损失很大。 4. immune to: 对不在意，不受影响 e.g. The president seems to be immune to complaints. 总统似乎对批评毫不在意。 5. b

43、e affected by: 受影响 e.g. The president said that his governments stand would not be affected by outside pressure. 总统说外界压力不能改变他的政府的立场。 6. be capable of: 有能力做某事 e.g. He is capable of doing these experiments. 他能做这些实验。 7. intention: n. 目的，意图 e.g. If I hurt your feelings, it was without intention. 如果我伤害了你

44、的感情，那不是有意的。 e.g. I went to New York with the intention of seeing my brother. 我去纽约为的是看望我兄弟。 8. omit: v. 排除，删除 e.g. The news article omitted some important details. 这篇新闻报道有意删除了一些重要的细节。 9. reveal: v. 反映，透露，披露 e.g. Some women do not want to reveal their true ages.有些妇女不愿透露她们的真实年龄。 10. at the sight of: 一看

45、见，一看到 e.g. She cried at the sight of dogs. 她一看见狗就叫了起来。 11. bet: v. 打赌，下赌注，肯定 e.g. Did you bet on the winner of the World Cup football game? 你在世界杯足球赛的获胜球队上下赌注了没有？ e.g. You will succeed, I bet. 我肯定你会成功。III. Translation Passage B在手枪胁迫之下和大多数城里人一样，我非常小心谨慎。在把车开进车库前，我会扫视街道和周围的小路，看看有没有异常的人或东西。那天晚上也不例外。可是当我手

46、里拿着肯德基炸鸡走出车库时，一个肥壮、留着短髭、头戴绒线帽、身穿深色尼龙夹克的年轻人从停车处旁边的灌木丛中钻出来，把手枪顶在我的双眼之间。“交出来，他妈的，”他威胁道，“交出来。”“嗨，”我说，“拿去吧。”我一边说，一边把肯德基快餐盒放在小路旁边的播种机上，同时设法把我房子的钥匙扔进灌木丛中。“你的钱呢？你的钱呢？”他吼道。在我们遭遇的过程中，他会重复自己说的每一句话；出于本能，我也同样重复着自己的话。“在我钱包里，在我钱包里，”我说。他走到我的背后，把枪顶在我的脖子上，开始搜我的裤子口袋。“你的钱包呢？”他问。“在后面的口袋里。”“还有呢？”“我就这么多钱了。”“你的手表呢？”“在这儿，”我

47、边回答边把左臂伸向路旁。就在这时，他的同伙出现了。他很瘦小，手持一只加大的蓝色钢制手枪。他深色的眼睛里闪着光，好似擦亮了的玻璃；他手臂和双腿冷不防的移动着，就好像是连着看不见的电线似的。他厉声说道，“不许朝我们看，不许朝我们看。”他并不蠢。我看过许多刑事审判，因而知道在那些武装袭击的受害者中，很少有人能够辨认出袭击他们的人，因为他们的注意力全集中在抢上，而没有放在持枪人上。我有意识的留意了一下他们面部的细节。“我没有看你们。”当那个大个子劫匪把手表从我的手腕上扯下来时，我撒了个谎。“趴下，趴下，”那小个子命令我，并已把摘下了我的眼镜，把它扔到草坪上。这时，我已面朝下趴在了地上，地上的尘土紧贴着

48、我的前额。那个大个子劫匪用枪顶着我的后脑勺，小个子用手枪顶着我左边的太阳穴。我当时想，“这下完了，他们就要杀死莱斯利了。主啊，可怜可怜我这个有罪的人吧。”“这是什么？”大个子问道。我把头转向右边。“是肯德基炸鸡，”我说。“我们把它带走，”大个子厉声说道。接着，突然间劫匪们手里拿着钱包、手表和炸鸡他们的脚步声消失在了黑暗的街道上。我转过身，看见他们的影子钻进了一辆汽车，急速的开走了。他们没有杀我，但他们为什么这么做呢？是仁慈？是因为时间太紧顾不上？还是因为饥饿？“多奇怪啊，”我心中暗道，“竟然是炸鸡救了我的命。当时我看见了死亡，而他们看见了食物。”我站起身来，找到了钥匙，进了屋，然后拨通了911。接线员记下了我对劫匪的描述，然后派了辆警车来。我刚为自己倒了一杯烈性酒，两个穿制服的洛杉矶警察局的警察就到了。他们对此事作了笔录，说，“幸好，没有伤人。”“但是，”临走时一个警察对我说，“他们拿走了你的炸鸡，这也实在太不像话了。”后来，一个警察打电话过来询问另外一些细节。他说这两个劫匪的作案手法表明他们可能就是过去几个