七年级英语语法之代、名、冠词复习及综合回顾练习

1、英语学科初二讲义学习课题七年级语法之代、名、冠词复习及综合回顾练习学习目标掌握七年级基础语法框架学习重点与难点单项选择与综合填空必考点本节知识代词（-）代词分类：人称代词：主格和宾格物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词人称第一人称单数第二人称单数5矜三人称单数第人称复数第二人称复数第三人称复 数主格youheSheitWeyouthey宾格形容词物主代词rmyyourh i sheritsouryourthe i r名词性物 主代词注意一用法：人称代词主格：作主语，常放在句首；人称代词宾格：作宾语，放在动词和介词后；形容词性物主代词：后有名词时，用形容词性；（有名则形）名词性物主代词：后

2、无名词时，用名词性。（无名则名）练习：That i s not kite. That kite i s Very sma I I, but i s Very big. ( I )The dress i s. Gi Ve it to . ( She )IS th i swatch? (you) No, itS not. ( I ) i s my brother.n ame i s Jack. Look! Those StamPS are . ( he )dresses are red. (We) What co I or are? ( you )跟踪练习一用所给词的适当形式填空。That is

3、not kite. That kite is Very smaI I, but is Very big. ( I )The dress is. GiVe it to. ( She )IS this watch? (you) No, it 1 not. ( I )4.i s my brother.n ame is Jack. Look! Those StamPS aredresses are red. (We) What colour are? ( you )Here are many dolls, WhiCh One is? ( She )I Canfind my toy, but Where

4、 _s? ( you )Showyour k i te, OK? (they)I have a beaut ifuI cat. n ame i s Mimi. TheSe CakeS are . ( it )Are these t i ckets? No, are not. aren 1 here. ( they )名词、名词的分类名词专有名词Mary玛丽Volvo沃尔沃Ch i nese汉语Ju I y七月AS i a亚洲普通名词可数名词个体名词desk课桌house房子teacher教师mother妈妈school学校集体名词people人们class同学们fami ly家庭pol ice

5、警方不可数名词物质名词Water 水 COffee 咖啡 meat 肉 wool 羊毛抽象名词health 健康 beauty 美丽 Patience 耐心 youth 青春二、名词的数1、可数名词单数变复数的规则1)规则变化形式举例一般在名词后egg eggs kitekites dog dogs pea PeaS 豌豆以s, X, sh, Ch等结尾的词后加c I ass Cl aSSeS 班级 WatCh WatCheS 手表 box boxes 箱子【特殊】部分以0结尾的单词，有生 命的在词尾加-其他无生命的加hero一 heroes 英雄tomato tomatoes 西红柿 pot

6、atopotatoes 十 F【口诀】英雄吃西红柿拌土豆有意思(es) o注：意思”同-es谐音！举例以-f或-fe结尾的名词，一般把-3 Te变为【口诀】妻子(Wife)拿刀(knife)去砍狼(wolf),小偷(thief)吓得发了慌，躲在架下(Shelf)保己(Oneself)命，半片 树叶(leaf)遮目光。辅音字母+y ”结尾时，变baby一 babies 婴儿 City 一 CitieS 城市 factory factor ies 工)元音字母+y”结尾时，直接加-boy - boys 男孩2)不规则变化例词把a变成eman men 男子 woman women 女日女 gent

7、I eman gent I emen 先生oo变成eefoot feet 脚 toothteeth 牙齿 goose geese 鹅特殊变化出E3mousemice芝限在词尾力口 -ren或-enchild Ch i I dren 儿童 oxoxen 牛单复数形式相同sheepSheeP 乞帛羊 deer deer 鹿 fish fish 鱼巧记国名变化【口诀】中日不变，英法变，其余后面-S添。Chinese Chinese 中国人 JaPanese JaPanese 日 本人Engl i ShmanT Engl ishmen 英国人 Frenchman T FrenChme 1 法国人 Ge

8、rman Germans 德国人复合名词，一般只变后 面的，但是有man/woman的两个A f1ower shop A man doctor都要变3）提醒有一些名词经常或只用于复数形式。如：trousers 裤子；PantS 裤子；jeans 牛仔裤；ShOrtS 短裤；stockings 长袜；socks 短袜；shoes 鞋子；glasses 眼镜；clothes 衣服；people 人们，police警察们2、不可数名词不可数名词就是无法或不能用数目来计算的名词。不可数名词主要分物质名词和抽象名词两类。意义举例物质名词指无法分为个体的词gold 金子，wood 木头，SnoW 雪，ra

9、in 雨，Water 水， COffee 咖啡，tea 茶，meat 肉，milk 牛奶，rice 米饭, bread面包，Orange橘汁【口诀巧记不可数名词】金、木、水、火、,米、面、茶、肉、布。动作、状态 与品质，还有情感名词不可数。抽象名词指表示动作、状态、品质、感情等 抽象概念的词work 工作,StUdy 学习，loVe 爱，fr iendship 友谊不可数名词没有复数形式，说明其数量时，要用有关计量名词。其复数形式体现在量词上。例如：a bag Of ricetwo bags Of rice, a PieCeOf PaPer three PieCeS Of PaPer3、既可作

10、可数名词，又可作不可数名词，但意义不同的词单词可数不可数glass玻璃杯玻璃PaPer报纸、试卷纸I ight电灯光ChiCke n小鸡鸡肉f i sh鱼鱼肉Orange橘子橘子汁work著作、作品工作in terest爱好兴趣I i fe性命人生room房间空间4、名词的修饰词只能修饰可数名词只能修饰不可数名词可数不可数都能修饰many, few, a few, a nu mber ofmuch,a little, I ittIea lot of=lots of, plenty of, some, any四、名词的所有格1、-,所有格名词情况构成方法举例有生命的单数名词单数名词后加S”Mar

11、y S father 克的父亲有生命的复数名词以复数词缀-S结尾的复数名词，其 后只加the teachers Off iCe教师办公室不以复数词缀-S结尾的复数名词，其后要加S”Chi Idren S books 儿童读物表示几个人共同拥有只在最后一个名词后加“ SMary and Kate S room玛丽和I凯特的房间 （共有）表小母人各自拥有在每个名词后都加S”Jane S and Tom S textbooks 简和汤姆的 课本（不共有）时间和距离的所有歌:用S，或连字符号-表示3 hours waIk = 3-hour waIk2、Of所有格 名词情况一般说来，无生命的名词用Of所

12、有格。a photograph of our v i I I age我们村庄的一张照片3、双重所有格所谓双重所有格就是指将-所有格与Of所有格结合起来一起使用。如：a frie nd of my father我父亲的一位朋友a photo of Mr. Smith 史密斯先生的一张照片冠词（a, an, the, /）I.不定冠词a、an的用法1、泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类。女口： An elepha nt i s much heavier tha n a horse.H i S father i s a tax i dr i ver.2、用于序数词前，表示 又一，再一 ”。I have

13、 read the books twice, but I Want to read a thi rd time.3、a / an的区别a用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，an用在元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母刖。华寺殊词：a usuaI boy ; a USefUl book ; a UniVerSity ; a One Heg dogan honest boy ; an hour ; an honor , anh,l,m,n,r,S,X 例如：Jim is hon est boy and he is Uni VerSity StUde nt .E ng I i sh i s USef

14、Ul I an guage.He i s Un happy boy.My father wi I I come back in hour .There i sU and I n the wordUSeI I .定冠词the的用法.第二次提到ThiS i s an appIe. The appIe i s mine. 特指The boy i n red i s my brother.用在独一无二的名词前the SUn 太阳 / the moon 月光/ the earth 地球.用在最高级前the youn gest / the most beaut i fuI.用在序数词前the f i rs

15、t / the SeC Ond / the th i rd / the fourth.用在西方乐器前play the Pia no / the guitar. The +姓的复数表示一家人The SmithS / the Greens斯密斯一家 / 格林一家.由普通名词构成的专有名词前the Great WaI Ithe Un i ted StateSIII.零冠词的用法零冠词（不用冠词）1、在专有名词（国名，城市名，人名，路名）前不用冠词。Beiji ng i s a beaut ifuI city.2、表泛指的不可数名词或名词复数前不用冠词。Snow i s wh i te and bea

16、ut i fuI3、在球类运动，棋类和学科名词前不用冠词。Mr zhang Ii kes playing footbaI I and chess.4、在季节，月份，星期，节日和三餐饭前不用冠词。Today is ChiIdrens Day .All the students have Iunch at school.但中国的传统节日前一般加U the ”The Mid-Autumn Day 中秋节 The Spr ing Fest i va I 春节5、在称呼语或表示头衔的职位名词前不用冠词。Mr Wang i s from AustraIi a6、名词前有U this , that,thos

17、e , these ,my,your , some 等词修饰时不用冠词 This is my Chinese book .7、固定搭配at fi rst首先最后at noon在中午at home在家on foot步行i n bed躺在床上in hospital住院go to school上学课堂练习1.How wasd i nnerMikehouse.2.It wasgreat. Mikes mom isgood cook.A. a; the B. the; a C. the;theD. a; anHov/ many hours do you spendyour homework at hom

18、e every day?A. do B. to doC. doing D. didThe number of cand I es the person s age.A. areB. i s C. has D. have Do you knowboy with bIonde hai r? Yes. He i s Amer i can boy. He i s Benny.A. the, theB. the, an C. the, aD. a, anDid you see sheep in the zoo? No, I didn 11. But I sawtigers.A. some, any B.

19、 anyt some C. some, some D. any, anyIt 1 s very important for usEng I i sh well.A. learnB. learns C. learned D. to learn CouId you just teI I himSure, no prob I ems.CaI I back meto CaI I back meC. ca I I me backD. to ca I I me backPlay baseba I I i n the garden (花园).YoUr grandfather WantS to re I ax

20、 there.A. Can1B. NotC. NoD. DonTUrn r i ght the SeCOnd cross i ng and the hote I isyour I eft.A. o nt onB. o n, atC. at, OnD. at, at二、词性转换1. They think these foods Can br ing bad(lucky) to people. We ta I ked With some of the (v i I I age) i n the CoUn trys i de. I bought many(love) gifts for my fr

21、ien ds. 5. e is(interest) in Wr iting.All of US got Very happy When We heard the (excite) news.My aunt i s Very beaut i fuI. She Iooks Ii ke an(act) i n the mov i e. The mountain is so high. Do you know its(h i gh) ?Yes. It S 8844. 8 meters. Does your gran dfather Wear(glass)? Yes, he does.I I i ke

22、to See an ima I s I i v i ng i n a(n ature) park.NeW York i s an(Amer i Ca) c i ty.三、选词填空根据短文内容，选出适当的单词填空，使语意通顺完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。A. aboutB. t i redC. herD. shopp i ngE. difficultF. SWamG anH. WeekendI. SoJ. BUtK. eas i I yL. SangLaSt n i ght, I met my fr i ends ViCtOrand Annie. We taIked about thei

23、r Iast Weeke nd. For ViCtor,the (71)WaSn t bad. On Saturday,he finished h i s homework(72). Be CallSe thehome wo r k i s Ve r ye asy. On SUn d ay,h e Wa tc he d (7 3)in terest ing taIk show. ItWaS great! ” e sa i d. (74)Ann i e 1 Weekend WaSn1 Very good. She WaS rea I I y (75)because She had a busy

24、Weekend. She Went (76) On Saturday morn i ng and read a book (77)music On Saturday after noon. She ViSited (78) gra ndmother On Saturday evening. OnSUnday, She (79)a new song for the school music fest i vaI. It WaS a Iiit Ie (80), So Sheasked her mother to he Ip her.四阅读理解I m Tom. My best fr i ends a

25、re Johnand Ann. We do many th i ngs together. John I i ves near myhouse and We are i n the Same cI ass. He S fifteen years old. He StaII andth i n With blond ha i r. Hepol ite （有礼貌的）and Very clever. He ,svery good at math. He SOmet i meS he I ps me With my homework.Heusua II y WearS jeans and a T-sh

26、 i rt.We often p I ay basketba I I i n a nearby （附近的）Park together.OUr fr iend Ann i sn t in OUr school. She S short With Straight brown hai r. She S a I ittIeba I I have kung fu I ess On every TUeSday after noon. Ann i s reaI Iy good at kung fu. We caI I her the“kung fu kid . She SOmet i meS pI ays

27、 basketbaI I With us, too. She Often WearS a dress GSa i T. The three of US have great fun together.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。36. How old is Joh n?37.A. 13B. 14C. 15D. 16Where do they oftepI ay basketbaI I together?A. In the i r schooIB. I n a nearby ParkC. At JohnS home D. At AnnS homeWhat does Ann look Iike?A

28、. She S ta I I and thin With blond hai r. B. SheS polite and Very clever.C. She i s reaI Iy good at kung fu.D. She S short With Stra ight broWma i r.When do the ChiIdre n have kung fu less on?A. EVery TUeSday after noon.C. EVery ThllrSday after noon.40. Who is the “ kung fu kid ?A. TomB. Joh nD.B.EV

29、eryC.EVery Wedn esday afterSaturday after noon.AnnD.noon.Joh n and Ann课后作业.整理本次课讲的各个语法点.阅读表达HOUSE FoR SALE : ComfortabIe （舒适的）fami ly home With a Iarge garden On the north Side of tow n. Three bedrooms, a Iivi ng room, a kitche n, a bathroom. Pay Y 280.000 for it.The Brow ns are look ing for a new house. Mr Brow n WantS to Iive on the north Side of the tow n n ear hi s work. MrS Brow n WantS a house With four bedrooms. Thei r ChiIdre n dont Care the house i s Iike but the garde n is big eno ugh.DRIVER WANTED fo