2019-2020年高考英语大一轮复习Unit2Robots讲义新人教版选修

1、2019-2020年高考英语大一轮复习Unit2Robots讲义新人教版选修1. fiction n.小说；虚构或想象出来的事desire n.渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要pile n.堆；摞；叠 vi .堆起；堆积 vt.把堆起；积聚 4. absurdadj.荒谬的；可笑的5. clerk n.售货员；职员；旅馆接待员6. counter n.柜台；计数器7. envy vt.忌妒；羡慕 8. digital adj.数字的；数码的；手指的；脚趾的9. grand adj .大的；豪华的；雄伟的 10. affection n.喜爱；爱；感情11. staff n.全体员工 12

2、. framework n.框架；结构 divorce n.离婚；断绝关系vt.与离婚；与脱离 satisfactionn.满意；满足；令人满意的事物宀satisfyvt.使满足；使满意tsatisfactory&satisfyingadj.令人满意的satisfiedadj.感到满意的；满足的重点单词 alarm n.警报；惊恐 vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动t alarmed adj .担心 的；害怕的t alarming adj.令人惊恐的sympathy n.同情（心）t sympathetic adj.有同情心的 elegant adj.优雅的；高雅的；讲究的t eleganee n.优

3、雅；高雅；典 雅favor/favour n.喜爱；恩惠 vt.喜爱；偏袒t favorable/favourable adj.赞成的；有利的tfavorite/favouriteadj .特别喜爱的n.特别喜爱的人（或物）acpany vt .陪伴；伴奏t panyn.陪伴；（一）群；（一）队Tpanion_n.伙 伴；伴侣；同伴awful adj.极坏的；极讨厌的；可怕的；（口语）糟透的t awfully adv.可怕地；十分declare vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称tdeclarationn.宣布；公告 junior adj.较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的n.年少者；晚辈； 等级较低

4、者tsenior adj .年长的；高级的；资历较深的；地位较高的tale nt n.天才；特殊能力；才干t tale nted adj.有才气的；有才能的theoretical adj .理论（上）的；假设的t theory n.理论；原理；学说obey vt .& vi .服从；顺从t disobey （反义词）vt .& vi .不服从；违抗26. assessment n.评价；评定宀 assess vt.评价；评定；估价重点短语test out试验；考验 2. ring up 给打电话宀ring off挂断电话3. turn_around 转身；翻转 4. Ieave.alone不管

5、；别惹；让一个人待着；和单独在一起5. reach_for 伸手去够6. set_aside 将放在一边；为节省或保留（钱或时间）7. in_all 一共；总计 8. be_bound_to 疋做9. or_rather更确切地说 10. have_an_affair_with_sb和某人有暧昧关系in_favour_of 支持；赞成重点句型“状语+谓语+主语”式的完全倒装结构As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.（教材 Pn） It is/was+被强调部分+ that/who.It was then that Claire re

6、alized that Tony had opened the curtains ofthe front window.（教材 P12）3“介词+关系代词”型的定语从句Asimov had.a nd an amaz ing mind with which he searched forexplanations of everything, in the present and the past.（教材 F）语汪W 法占八、复习被动语态和动词不疋式的被动形式It was goingto be tested out by Larrys wife, Claire.（教材 Pn）She was ama

7、zedby his fingernails and the softness and warmth of hisskin.（教材 Pn）Idesire n.渴望；欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要Do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own n eeds and desires?（材Ro）你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和愿望吗？io do sth 迫切想要做某事have a stro ng desire ifor sth 急于想得到某物to do sth 渴望做某事（2）desire sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 He

8、has a stro ng desirethat. should do sth 渴望for success though he has failed many times.尽管他失败了多次，但是仍然很渴望成功。We always desireto_live (live) in peace with our neighbours.我们总是想与我们的邻居们和平共处。The teacher desired that all the exercises (should )_be_handed(hand) in before school was over.老师要求把所有练习在放学前交上来。【提示】de

9、sire作及物动词，不用于进行时态。2alarm n.警报；惊恐vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动However, when she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed.(教材 RJ然而她初次见到机器人的时候，感到有点儿惊恐。( rin g/sou nd the alarm敲警钟；发警报give the alarm to 给发警报而惊恐take the alarm at 对感到吃惊；因 in alarm 惊恐地be alarmed at被吓一跳alarmed adj .惊恐的；忧虑的*alarming adj . (令某人惊慌的；(令某人忧虑的Sound the

10、 alarm in case of fire.万一失火就按响警报器。Heari ng a scream, my father jumped upin alarm.听到尖叫声，我爸爸惊慌地跳了起来。We did nt take alarmat the n ews.我们听到这消息并不吃惊。3sympathy n.同情；同情心Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.(教材 Pn)克莱尔觉得，机器人会向她表示同情，这有点荒唐可笑。have/feel sympathy for sb/sth对某人 / 某物表示同

11、情have (no sympathy with/for(不 赞同(支持)* be in sympathy with sb/sth支持某人 / 某事Re out of sympathy with不赞成sympatheticadj .同情的；赞同的I felt more than ordinary humansympathy for him in his misfortune.I was deeply moved as a fellow sufferer.我对他的遭遇，不只是普普通通的同情，还有一种深切的同病相怜的感触。Her husband was sympathetic (sympathy)

12、at first but his patienee soon worethi n.一开始她丈夫还抱以同情，可不久就失去耐心了。4favour (A.E.favor) n.恩惠；帮忙；喜爱；优惠vt.偏袒；喜爱As a favour Tony promised to help Claire make herself smarter and her elegant.(教材 Pn)托尼为让克莱尔高兴，答应帮助她，使她变得更漂亮，使她的家变得更高雅大方。ask a favour of sb = ask sb a favour请某人帮个忙do sb a favour = do a favour for

13、sb帮某人一个忙(1)do sth as a favour为了帮忙而做某事owe sb a favour 欠某人一个人情Z|in favour of赞成，支持；以来代替(2) pn on es favour对某人有禾Ufavourite adj.特别喜爱的n.最喜爱的人或物Do me a favour and turn the radio down while Im on the phone, will you?劳驾，我在打电话时把收音机的声音调小点好吗？We are in favour of having a pienic if the weather is favorable.如果天气好，

14、我们赞成野餐。I owed him a favour (favourite), so I could nt say no.我欠他一个人情，所以无法拒绝。【熟词生义】写出加黑单词在语境中的含义。He divided the candy among the children withoutfavour to any one.5acpany vt .陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有As he was not allowed to acpa ny her to the shops, he wrote out a list of itemsfor her.(教材 Pii)她不允许他陪她去商店，所以他为她列了份购物

15、清单。home more偏爱accompa ny sb to sp to 为介词陪某人到某地be accompanied by 由伴奏 / 伴随accompany sb on 用某乐器为某人伴奏company n.陪伴；交往；公司(2)keep sb company 陪伴某人(3)pa nio nn.同伴，伙伴Thun ders acpa niedby heavy rain in this seas on are very mon.这个季节，雷鸣常常伴有大雨。Wecan only print letters which are_acpanied (acpany) by the writersn

16、ame andaddress.我们只能刊登附有作者姓名和地址的信件。Sarah sings and Bill acpa nies heron the guitar.萨拉唱歌，比尔弹吉他为她伴奏。Fred had been her constantpanion (pany) for the last six years of her life.在她生命的最后6年，弗莱德一直是她忠实的伴侣。6declare vt .宣布；声明；宣称；表明She cried out“ Tony” and the n heard him declare that he did nt want to leaveher

17、the n ext day and that he felt more tha n just the desire to please her.(教材P11 12)她大叫一声“托尼”，然后听到托尼一本正经地说，明天他不想离开她，而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。sb/sth to be + adj .宣布某人或某事为declare for/aga in st表示赞成 / 反对war on/againstj 1 向 宣战【比较网站】ann指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴ounce趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息。dec指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重“当众”发l

18、are表，多用于宣战、议和和宣判等。The accused man was_declared (declare) to be innocent by the court.法庭宣布被告无罪。When they asked him for his opi nion,he declared stron glyaga inst the policy.他们向他征求意见时，他声明强烈反对这项政策。It was announced(announce) that there would be a celebration in their houseon Sun day.据称，星期日在他们家要举行庆祝活动。1l

19、eave.alo ne 不管；别惹；让一个人待着She shouted “ Leave me alone ” and ran to her bed.( 教材 P12)她高声嚷着：“让我独自待一会儿！ ”然后就跑上了床。leave behi nd 遗留；把抛在后面leave aside （ 把某事）搁置一边；不考虑leave for出发前往leave out省略；遗漏；不考虑Shes asked to_be_left （leave） alone but the press keeps troubli ng her.她已经要求不要打扰她，但媒体总是缠着她不放。I won der why they

20、leftaside/out such an importa nt questio n.我纳闷他们为什么不考虑如此重要的一个问题。It was careless of him to leaveout an important detail.他真粗心，漏掉了一个重要细节。2set aside将放到一边；为节省或保留（钱或时间）；暂时不考虑He felt happy whe n his boss stated that he could set aside some time forexercise.（教材 Pn）当老板说他每天可以留出一些时间锻炼时，他感到很开心。【一词多义】写出下列句中set a

21、side的含义。She set aside her book and lit a cigarette.将放至 U边There is a little time left. Letsset asidemy pers onal feeli ngs for now.暂时不考虑I try to set aside a few minutes each day to help my mother do the housework,though I am very busy. 为保留时间set about （doing sth）着手（做某事）set dow n 让乘客下车；记下；放下set off 出发；

22、引起；引爆set out 出发；（to do sth） 开始做某事set up建立；安排；建起；竖起Why dont you set your ideasdown on paper?你怎么不把你的想法写在纸上呢？Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set themof.要格外小心这些烟火，稍有火星就能引起爆炸。状语+谓语+主语”式的完全倒装结构As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.（教材 Pn）她一转身，发现格拉迪斯克拉芬站在那里。【句式点拨】句

23、子谓语是动词 go, e, run, stand, live等表示位移的动词或be动词，且句中又有表示方向的副词 there, here, up, dow n, i n, out, away等，为强调该副词，可将副词置于句首，若这时主语是名词，则主谓全部倒装；若为代词，则不倒装。例：Here I am.完全倒装结构一般用于以下两种情况： 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句：以地点副词here, there和时间副词 now,then开头，而主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装句。There appeared to be a man in black in the dista nee.远处好像有个穿黑色衣

24、服的人。(2)表示方位的状语位于句首时。Out rushed a missile from un der the bomber.轰炸机下面窜出一枚导弹。知识要点观I .品句填词(用所给词的适当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词)The new product which will be testedout next month is a bination of moderntech no logy and artificial in tellige nee. In September 1939, Britain declared waron German after Germany invaded

25、Pola nd. We are facing serious problems that dema nd very frank discussi onand assessment (assess).Aileen had a strong desire to_be (be) a dancer but failed to make the grade.Mona Lisas smile is_favored (favor) by every class of the society. The smile has a fresh kind of spirit. Having bee n warned

26、of dan ger in the street at ni ght,she had to go home, with a friend acpanying (acpany) her.Having_been_scanned/Scanned (sean) and checked by specialists, he dashed back to the stadium to join in the celebrati ons.Her only fear was that her little son would be left (leave) alone in the world in case

27、 someth ing happe ned to her. You are bound to achieve (achieve) your dreams if you insiston them and try your best.What beautiful furniture you have got in your apartment! I am green withen vy.n .单句改错(含本单元的词汇和语法)She had a puter at home, and her parents desired that she didall her workdoat home.The

28、preside nt was so young that he was junior tha nsome of his employees.toOne womanwho divorced with her husband of 20 years told the Los Angele Times that they would have divorced much earlier had the laws been changed earlier. After enteringsenior high school, you should setdown some time toasidepar

29、ticipate in some out - of - class activities although occupied in studying.I have bee n kept- acpa nied by the most con siderate friends who keep en courag ing me through the most difficult time.They are not panic yet, but as the job reject ions mount up, they are begi nning to feel alarming .alarme

30、dThe little boy came riding at full speed down the motorway on his bicycle.How a dan gerous scene it was!WhatMy friend Lucy is leaving for America. I will do her A favour and drive herato the airport.The fire service said numerous people were trapped in buildings, and a stateof emerge ncy hadA decla

31、red.bee nWhen the alarm clock soun ded, she automatically reached A her gym bag andforheaded out of the door.川.课文语法填空Larry Belmontworked for a pany that made robots. Recently ithad begunexperimenting with a household robot, 1. which was going to be tested out by Larrys wife, Claire.Claire did nt wan

32、t to have the robot in her house at first, especially whenher husband would be 2.absent (absenee) for three weeks. The robots name was Tonyand he seemed more like a human3.than a machine. He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice although his 4.facial (face) expressi on n ever cha n

33、ged.On the second morning Tony brought Claire breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing. She felt 5.embarrassed (embarrass) on hearing this andquickly asked him to go out, for it was 6. disturbing（disturb） and frighteningthathe looked so huma n.7. With the passing of time, she be

34、gan to trust him while Tony was helpful to makeher smarter and her home more elegant. Tony gave Claire a new haircut and changed the makeup she 8. wore（wear）. When the clerk in the shop was rude to her, she rang Tony 9. up for help. Tony even made her to be an envy of the women. Before the time for

35、Tony to be taken away to the pany, Claire fell 10. in love with Tony. Eventually Tony had to be rebuilt, for the pany wont allow such an absurd thi ng to happe n.= :：单元检测卷（三十二）迭修7Unit2 ： = :I .阅读理解AAlmost every one stood whe n the bride walked dow n the aisle in her white gow n,but not the weddi ng

36、con ductor, because she was fixed to her chair.The nuptials at this ceremony were led by “ I Fairy ”，a 4 foot （1.5 meter） tall seated robot with flashi ng eyes and plastic pigtails（辫子）.Sun days weddi ngwas the first time that a marriage had been led by a robot,according to manufacturerKokoro Co.“Ple

37、ase lift the brides veil（面纱），” the robot sai d in a tinny voice, waving its arms in the air as the n ewlyweds kissed in front of guests.The weddi ng took place at a restaura nt in Hibiya Park in cen tral Tokyo, where the I - Fairy wore a wreath of flowers and directed a rooftop ceremony. Wires led o

38、ut from ben eath it to a black curta in a few feet away, where a man clicked mands into a puter.Japan has one of the mostadvaneed robotics industriesin the world, withthe gover nment actively support ing the field for future growth. In dustrialmodelsin factories are now sta ndard, but recen tly Japa

39、 nese panies are making a push to inject robots into everyday life.Honda makes a walking child - shaped robot, and other firms have developed them to entertain the elderly or play baseball. Kokoro, whose corporate goal is to “touch the hearts of the people ”， also makes gia nt dino saur robots for e

40、xhibiti ons and life - like an droid models that can smile and laugh. The pany is a subsidiary（附属公司 ）of Sanrio Co., which owns the rights to Hello Kitty and other Japanese characters.“This was a lot of fun. I think that Japanese have a strong sense that robotsare our friends. Those in the robot indu

41、stry mostly understand this, but peoplemainly want robots near them that serve some purposes ，” said bride Satoko Inoue, 36, who works at manufacturer Kokoro Co.The I - Fairy sells for about 6.3 million yen ($57,000) and three are in use inSingapore, the US and Japan, according to pany spokeswoman K

42、ayako Kido.语篇导读本文为说明文，介绍了能主持婚礼的机器人I - Fairy是如何主持婚礼以及其市场前景。1The underlined word“nuptials ” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced byAconductorsBbridesCrobotsDweddings解析 D 词义猜测题。根据第三段可知，机器人主持的是婚礼。由此可猜测，nuptial的同义词是wedding，意为婚礼”，故选 D项。2What can we learn from what bride Satoko Inoue said?AA robot has been

43、widely used to serve the people in Japan.BIts very interesting to work with a robot in her pany.CJapanese consider a robot can do many things like their friends.DPeople need robots that can help them in some ways.解析 D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 people mainly want robots near them that serve some purposes 可知，人们

44、需要机器人能够在某方面帮助他们。原文中的want 对应 D项中的 need, serve some purposes 对应 help them in some ways ，故选 D项。3Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. I - Fairy, a Robot Con ducts Wedd ing in TokyoBThe Development of RobotsAll Kinds of Robots in JapanWedding Customs in Japan解析 A 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本

45、文主要介绍了在日本机器人如何主持婚礼， 并 介绍了机器人的发展前景，故选A项。BAre You a Saver or a Spender?This old saying calls attention to the wisdom of saving money.“Putting money away for a rainy day ” is another way to talk about saving for the future.故选E项（时间长、金额大的存款利息高）。People who hate to spend money are known as “tightwads ”， wh

46、ile those who like to get the most value for their moneyare called “ thrifty ” . 5. A spendthriftis someone who spends wastefully. People like that are often said to spend money “ like a drunken sailor” or “ like theres no tomorrow”In the United States, people who want to start a savings account hav

47、e different choices of where to put their money. 6. Credit unions are cooperatives forpeople who have some kind of connection. For example, the members might work fora universityor a governmentagency.Most credit unions are non - profitorganizations.Credit unions, banks and other financial institutio

48、ns pay interest on savings accounts. But the interest rates are low. Certificates of deposit（ 存款 ） pay higher returns. With a certificate of deposit, a person agrees not to withdraw the money for a certain period of time. This term could be anywhere from a few months to several years. 7.People can w

49、ithdraw their money early, but they have to pay apenalty（ 罚金） In a number of countries, people have been saving less over the years. It is reported that in xx, Americans had a household savings rate of 7%. 8.ManyEuropean countries have higher rates, but Americans save more than families in Japan.A P

50、eople are willing to save money for the future.B A penny saved is a penny earned.CBefore gold, even kings take off their bats.D These include banks and credit unions.E Longer terms and larger amounts pay higher interest.F A thrifty person is different from a spendthrift.G This year the rate is expec

51、ted to be a little more than 2%.语篇导读 本文为说明文，向我们普及了最基本的金融知识。 解析 B 总分关系。B项A penny saved is a penny earned引出全文说明的对象， 故选 B 项。解析 F 顺承关系。 F 项中的 thrifty 和 spendthrift 与上下文中的关键词对应， 故选 F 项。 解析 D 诠释关系。本段下文Credit unions are. 是对D项credit unions 的解 释。而D项中的banks又是上文说到 where to put their money最常见的地方，故选 D项。解析 E 递进关系

52、。 本段主要讲到存款利息与存款时间的长短和所存金额大小有关，&解析G递进关系。本段主要讲述存款率。G项与存款率相关，且与上下文联系密C. believeD. control切，故选G项。n.完形填空I was told just now in the hospital that I was hav ing a Bells palsy attack, a condition in which the face muscles tighten because of stress. During the long car ride home, all I could think about was

53、my ing in terview. But now I could not even_1_ myself in the mirror and my lips were unable to open normally.Surely allthe other applica nts would have the_2_, I con cluded.However, I would nt let my own self- consciousness_3_ me. Not now, not whe nI had_4_ so hard for so long to be given this oppor

54、tunity. This was the kind of position rd dreamed of for all these years.“Mom, _ 5_ me off on Jacob Street.rm going to the_6. ”“Honey, I dont think you should. You look._7_，” she said, ever so gently.I knew she was_8_.But if I did nt, Id always_9_ if I could have gotte n my dream job.“ No, Mom, take

55、me there. ”10, she took me where I wan ted to go.“Hello，” a gray - haired man sitting behind the large desk_11_ me. “MissJenkins ?”“Yes. Please excuse me. Im having a Bells palsy attack. My doctor explained to me that it would last a few days. I came right from the_12. ”“Youre very_13 to e when your

56、e in such a state , ” he14, after a pause.He spent a fewminuteslookingthrough my 15 . “ Iseverythingonhere_16_ ?” he asked.“ Yes, but I_17_ to men ti on I type seve nty five words per minu te. ”“Well, you have an impressive background with related experienee, you are_18_ qualified. When are you_19?”

57、 he asked.I took a deep breath and asked,“ Youre hiri ng me ?”Not only have you got the skillsrm looking for, you also have the_20_，”he gave me a big smile.语篇导读本文为记叙文。作者马上要参加一场面试，却患了面部神经麻痹，脸部肌肉不受控制。面对这样的困境，作者还是勇敢地参加了面试，并因为其勇气而被当场录用。A. recognizeB. forgive解析 A 由于面部肌肉扭曲，别出）符合语境，故选A项。照镜子时“我”都认不出自己了。reco

58、gnize（ 辨认出， 辨2A.chanceB advantageCcourageD sympathy解析 B 面部肌肉变得僵硬，说话也受到影响， 其他参加面试的人自然就比“我”有优势了。advantage（优势，有利条件）符合语境，故选 B项。3A.pardonB helpCstopD transform解析C句意：然而我不想让自己的难为情阻碍我（去参加面试），故选C项。4A.drivenB turnedCpreparedD worked解析 D 从语境看， 作者说这是她多年来梦想的职位， 因此她不是因为准备了很长时间而得到这个位置，而是经过多年刻苦工作，才终于有了这个机会，故选D项。5A.

59、takeB pullC dropD send解析 C drop sb off 意为“（用车 ）顺路送（某人到某地 ），顺便把 （某物/人）送至（某处）”，符合语境，故选C项。6A.interviewB supermarketC doctorD office解析 A 作者决定还是要去参加这次面试，故选 A 项。7A.weakB stubbornCstrangeD angry解析 C 上文讲到此时的“我”照镜子都几乎认不出自己， 母亲心疼“我”， 温柔地说：“可是你看起来那么奇怪。”故选C项。8A.kindB rightC wron gD sensitive解析B母亲说的没错，这一点“我”心里明白

60、，故选B项。9A.regretB believeCwonderD quit解析 C 句意： 假如我不去参加面试， 我会总是想我是否本来可以得到这个我梦寐以求 的工作呢？故选C项。10A.HopefullyB UnwillinglyCFortunatelyD Unexpectedly解析 B 结合上下文和所提供的选项可知，母亲很不情愿地把“我”送到我要去的地20. A.appearaneeB. character利的”。convenient的主语不能是人，故选D项。方，故选 B 项。11 A.doubtedC greeted解析 C 注意情景的跳跃与转换。 “你好， 官在和“我”打招呼，故选 C