2019-2020年高二下学期第八次周练地理试题含答案

1、2019-2020年高二下学期第八次周练地理试题含答案1 不属于GIS系统在减灾防灾中作用的是（）可以集成与减灾防灾有关的多种数据库和模型库模拟和预测灾情发展趋势对减灾防灾方案进行分析比较可以及时发现灾情发生的时间地点及范围关于GPS的叙述不正确的是（）GPS能为全球范围内的用户提供全天候、连续、高精度的三维位置GPS在扑灭林火减灾领域发挥不了作用利用GPS可以提高减灾效率救灾物资空投，利用 GPS可以提高精确度“ GIS ”的英文全名是 Geograhic In formation System，也叫地理信息系统。具有地图处理、数据库和空间分析这三大功能。“GIS”不仅可以像传统地图一样，解

2、决与“地点”、“状况”有关的查询，而且能分析复杂的“模式分析”和“虚拟模拟”进行预测性分析。据 此回答34题。如果将“ GIS”用来监测森林火灾，可以（）用来分析、判断引起火灾的原因预测森林火灾的发生地点预测森林火灾后所造成的后果及时知道火灾地点、范围，分析火势蔓延方向，制定灭火方案有的渔民已利用“ GIS ”技术来寻找鱼群。如果普遍引用这一技术（）可以使鱼获量持续增长可能导致过度捕捞，使渔业资源枯竭绝对会增加渔业的生产成本会促进渔业生产，加大对渔业资源的开发利用，提高渔民的生活水平对台风和暴雨洪涝的最重要的监测手段是（）利用气象雷达 B .利用专用飞机 C .利用气象卫星D.气象台的人工监测

3、针对我国自然灾害频繁发生的国情，开展防灾减灾活动，对我国的生产建设和人民生活意义重大。下列事例中，属于防灾减灾设施建设的是（）兴建长江三峡大型水利枢纽兴建长江，黄河中上游防护林工程加固长江，黄河大堤在沿海一带修建海防林工程B . C .D .泥石流是山区爆发的特殊洪流，其形成有三个条件：陡峭的沟谷；大量松散的堆积物； 充足的水源。回答 79题。 TOC o 1-5 h z 容易爆发泥石流的地区是（）我国西南山区B.平原地区C.我国西北地区D.植被较多地区&我国山区泥石流日趋频繁的原因是（）A.地壳活动日趋激烈B.人类对植被的破坏日益严重C.太阳辐射日益强烈D.山区气候日趋干燥 防止泥石流多发需

4、要做下列哪项工作（）A.利用卫星探测B.利用地震波勘探 C .对山体进行加固D .植树造林治理淮河流域洪涝灾害的根本措施是（）A .在受灾地区大力植树造林，防止水土流失重灾区大规模移民，并不再布局大、中型企业在中、下游修建蓄洪水库在下游疏浚并增加泄洪通道对台风和暴雨洪涝的最重要的监测手段是()A.利用气象雷达B 利用专用飞机C.利用气象卫星D 气象台的人工监测我国对禽流感确定和疑似病例指标分类汇总，并在地图上进行疫点和状况的位置标定可采用下面哪种现代化技术()A. RS技术B. GIS技术 C . GPS技术D. IT技术13阅读下列材料，回答：央视国际2004年7月22日消息，云南德宏傣族景

5、颇族自治州盈江县“7 20”特大泥石流灾害的救灾工作目前正在进行。截至到21日晚8点，灾害已造成12人死亡，48人失踪，4人重伤。(1 )在泥石流灾害的发生时，主要诱发因素是 ，我国由于 广布，所以泥石流爆发的频率很高。(2 )为减轻山区泥石流造成的损失，人类能够做到的有哪些？(3)破坏最严重的地质灾害是 ，当其发生时我们应该如何做?14.据报道，全国农业区划办公室对黑龙江的三江平原、内蒙古和甘肃的河西走廊、新疆哈密地区共53个县级单位的1986年和1996年卫星遥感图像进行了判读比较，发现上述四省区10年中被开垦的草地和荒地总面积近200万公顷(其中开垦草地约 120万公顷，开垦荒地约 80

6、万公顷)，而实际新增的耕地总面积仅为100万公顷。当地群众看到开垦后被撂荒的土地，心疼地说：“一年开草场，二年打点粮，三年五年变沙梁”。根据上述材料，回答下列问题。我国在土地资源利用现状调查时采用了先进的技术手段，发现上述地区10年中被撂荒的土地竟达开垦总面积的。从气候的干湿状况分析，上述地区除三江平原属区外，其他地区大部分属于区与区，土地被撂荒的主要原因在于。上述土地利用中存在的现象对大气环境质量造成的影响主要表现在哪些方面（4）从区域可持续发展战略考虑，上述土地被撂荒地区应采取的合理的针对性措施主要有(）（填一个或一个以上字母)A.禁止刨草毁林，杜绝滥垦B .精耕细作，提高粮食产量C.筑沟

7、开渠、进行合理灌溉D .引进耐碱作物，改良盐碱土E.植树种草，营造防护林F.采用机械化耕作，禁止使用化肥、农药G.退耕还牧，进行合理放牧15.读以下图文资料，回答：地理信息系统（GIS）与一般信息系统的主要差别是， GIS所采集的信息是按地理空间分 布特征来反映地理实体结构及其动态变化规律的。如目前我国已应用 GIS对各地区各时段“非典型肺炎”临床诊断病例、疑似病例等指标分类汇总，在地图上进行“地点”、“状况”的位置标定，每日发布各地疫情通报，供有关部门查询分析，制定相应的防治策略。（1）根据我国部分省区“非典型肺炎”累计临床诊断病例通报表中的数据（截至2003年5月22日10时），在我国部分

8、省区图的图例空框内，设计区分各病例数值段的图例符号， 并在图上山西、湖南两省范围内画出相应的图例符号。省区累计病例（例）省区 累计病例（例）北京2456河南15天津175陕西12河北227重庆3山西447湖南6（2）下列课题中，主要是应用GIS进行研究的有（）（多项选择）近50年来，世界粮食总产量与人均产量变化趋势分析近10年来，上海市区人口分布变化特征与城市建设相关性分析浙江省西部地区土地利用状况与农业结构变化特征分析上海市浦东新区内环线内主要道路交叉点交通流量状况通报及优化公交线网、站点分布的方案设计（3）试设计一项应用 GIS的课题研究项目.答案：D 2.B3. D 4 . D 5.C6

9、.A 7. A 8 . B 9 . D 10.DC 12.B( 1)暴雨 山地 a植树种草保护山坡b采取工程措施加固山坡 C转移泥石流多发地区居民及财 产 地震主要从工程措施和非工程措施方面考虑，只要合情合理即可。(1)遥感 50湿润干旱半干旱滥垦草场造成土地沙化易产生沙尘暴天气，使空气悬浮颗粒增加，空气质量下降A、E、G( 1)设计图例 绘图BCD如“江汉平原某年水稻长势的监测分析” “中等城市垃圾填埋场选址模式及与交通 环境关系的分析”“油轮在某海域发生大量漏油事故时、预测其污染范围及对海洋生物的 影响”等。2019-2020年高二下学期第八次周练英语试题含答案单项填空：In only 3

10、0 years, the country has bee ninto an adva need in dustrial power.tran slated B. degraded C. decli nedD. tran sformedIs this reas onyou expla ined at the meet ing for not arrivi ng on time?the one B. C. why D. the one howHe is givi ng her French less ons infor her teachi ng him En glish.place B. tur

11、 nC. excha ngeD. cha ngeMaking a speech like that is notfor him as a teacher.suitable B. fit C. appropriate D. correctAfter many year s attempts, Chi naman aged to send the first man to havea space walk with Shen zhou-7 spacecraft in September xx.awfully B. even tually C. lately D. actuallyCould you

12、 turn the TV down a little bit?. Is it disturb ing you?Take it easy.B. I m sorry.C. Not a bitD. It dependsWhen I get puzzled about some difficult problems, my teacher always en couragesme and says ,“ Take it.”for gran ted B. serious C. simple D. easyIto give you a valuable prese nt for your birthday

13、 , but Imoney .would have liked to give ; ran out ofwould like to have give n ; ran out ofwould like to give ; was run out ofwould like to give ; ran outHow can I thank you ?Don t mention it . Any other man in that case the same thing .A. would have done B. could do C. must do D. should have doneHe

14、looked as if he ill for a long time .A. was B. were C. has beenD. had been difficulties we may e across , we ll help one another to overe them .A. However B. Whenever C. Wherever D. WhateverI can think of many cases students obviously know a lot of English wordsand expressions but couldn t write a g

15、ood essay .A. why B. which C. as D. whereI regret not having taken your advice . Otherwise I this mistake .A. didn t make B. had made C. hadn t made D. wouldn t have madeThe teacher stressed again that the students should not any importantdetails while retelling the story .A. bring out B. let out C.

16、 leave out D. make outAmerican Indians about five percent of the U.S. population .A. fill up B. bring up C. make up D. set upIV. 完形填空：How did you do it, Dad? How have you managed not to take a drink for almost 20 years? It took me almost 20 years to have the _1_ to even ask my father this very perso

17、nal question. When Dad first _2_ drinking, the whole family was on pins and needles every time he got into a _3_ that, in the past, would have started him _4_ again. For a few years we were _5_ to bring it up for fear that the drinking would begin again.I had this little poem that I would recite to

18、myself at least four to five times a day, was Dads _6_ to my 18-year-old unasked question. The words were a constant （ 经常的 ） _7_ to me that things were _8_ so hard that I could not deal with them, Dad said. Then he _9_ the poem with me. The poems _10_, yet profound （ 深刻的 ） words immediately became _

19、11_ of my daily routine as well.About a month after this _12_ with my father, I received a gift in the mail from a friend of mine. It was a book of daily sayings of wisdom with one 13_ for each day of the year. It has been my _14_ that when you get something with days of the year on it, you naturall

20、y turn to the page that lists your own _15_.I _16_ opened the book to November 10 to see _17_ words of wisdom this book had in store for me. I was _18_ when I looked at the page, and then tears of disbelief and appreciation _19_ down my face. There, on my birthday, was the exact same poem that had _

21、20_ my father for all these years! It is called the Serenity （ 平静） Prayer:God, grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change; the courage to change the things I can; and the wisdom to know the difference.A. chance B. courage C. ability D. rightA. gave up B. took up C. went onD. carried

22、onA. wayB. habitC. situation D. house4.A. recit ingB. ask ingC. smok ingD. drinking5.A. sureB. un certa inC. afraidD. eager6.A. replyB. wordsC. excuseD. expla nati on7.A. fearB. imagi nati onC. thoughtD. remin der8.A. neverB. seldomC. alwaysD. ever9.A. discussedB.sharedC. offeredD. talked10.A. won d

23、erfulB. lo ngC. simpleD. bori ng11.A. allB. thatC.anyD.part12.A. talkB. quarrelC. tripDi. lesson13.A. listedB. in cludedC. readD. said14.A. methodB. experie nceC. wealthD. message15.A. characterB. birthdayC. qualitiesD. favorites16.A. doubtfullyB. carefullyC. happilyD. hurriedly17.A. whereB. whether

24、C. whatD. how18.A. excitedB. ast oni shedC. disappo in ted D. frighte ned19.A. hungB. pulledC. rolledD. pushed20.A. troubledB. disturbedC. pleasedD. helped阅读理解：AIentered high school having read hundreds of books. But I was not a good reader.Merely bookish, I lacked a point of view when I read. Rathe

25、r, I read in order to get a point of view. I searched books for good expressi ons and say in gs, pieces ofinformation,idea, themesanythingto enrich mythought and make mefeel educated.When one of my teachers suggested to his sleepy ten th-grade En glish class that a person could not have a “ plicated

26、 idea ” until he had read at least two thousand books, I heard the words without recog nizing either its irony or its very plicatedtruth. I merely determ ined to make a list of all the books I had ever read. Strict with myself, I in cluded only once a title I might have read several times.(How, afte

27、r all, could one read a book more tha n on ce?) And I in cluded only those books over a hun dred pages in len gth. (Could anything shorter be a book?)There was yet another high school list I made. One day I came across a newspaper article about an En glish professor at a n earby state college. The a

28、rticle had a list of the “ hundred most important books of Western Civilization” .“ More thananything else in my life ” . The professor told the reporter with finality,“ thesebooks have made me all that I am. ” That was the kind of words I couldn t ignore.I kept the list for the several mon ths it t

29、ook me to read all of the titles. Most books, of course, I hardly understood. While reading Plato s The Republic , forexample, I n eeded to keep look ing at the in troduct ion of the book to remi nd myself what the text was about. However, with the special patience and superstition of a schoolboy, I

30、 looked at every word of the text. And by the time I reached thelastwords, I persuaded myself that I had read The Republic, and seriously crossed Plato off my list.On hearing the teacher s suggestion of reading, the writer thought.A. one must read as many books as possiblea student should not have a

31、 plicated ideait was impossible for one to read two thousand booksstudents ought to make a list of the books they had readWhile at high school , the writer .A. had plans for readinglearned to educate himselfonly read books over 100 pagesread only one book several timesThe underlined phrases “with fi

32、nality ” in the second paragraph probably meansA firmlyB. clearlyC. proudly D pleasantlyThe writers purpose in mentioningThe Republic is to .A. explain why it was included in the listdescribe why he seriously crossed it off the listshow that he read the books blindly though they were hard to underst

33、andD prove that he understood most of it because he had looked at every wordThe writer provides two book lists to.A. show how he developed his point of viewtell his reading experience at high schoolintroduce the two persons reading methodsexplain that he read many books at high schoolBWhat makes one

34、 person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliantAlbert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people bornintelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear

35、.We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental (done with the mind) exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理学家 ) think that parents should play with th

36、eir children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to bee dull and unintelligent.Parents should also be careful with w

37、hat they say to young children. Accordingto some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things.So it is probably better for parents to say very positive (helpful) things to their childre

38、n, such as “That was a very clever thing you did. ” or “You are such a smart child. ”The words “intelligent ” and “brilliant ” in the first paragraph probably mean while “dull ” in the second paragraph means .A. bright and splendid; slow in thinking and understandingpretty and handsome; ordinary-loo

39、kinggreat and important; monhopeful and helpful; carelessAccord ing to the con text we can guess that a genius iswhile an idiotis.a no rmal pers on; a funny pers ona stro ng pers on; a weak pers ona highly in tellige nt pers on; a foolish or weak- min ded pers ona famous pers on; an ordinary pers on

40、A pers onis more likely to bee a geni us.A. whose pare nts are cleverofte n thinking about difficult problemsofte n helped by his pare nts and teachersborn with a good brain and putt ing it i nto active useIt is better for pare nts.to praise and en courage their childre n more ofte nto be hard on th

41、eir childre nto leave their childre n alone with nothing to doto give their childre n as much help as possibleWhich of the followi ng is NOT true accordi ng to the article?Parents play an important part in their children s growth.The less you use your mind the duller you may bee.Intelligence is obvi

42、ously the result of where and how you live.What makes a person bright or stupid is still under discussion.阅读表达：According to the dictionary definition of “ create ” , ordinary people are creativeeveryday . To create means to bring into being or to cause to exist- something eachof us does daily .We ar

43、e creative whe never we look at or thi nk about someth ing in a new way . Firstthis in volves an aware ness of our surro undings . It means using all of our sense to bee aware of world . This may be as simple as being aware of color and appeara nce , as well as taste , when we plan a meal . Above all , it is the ability to notice things that others might miss .A sec ond part of creativity is an ability to see relati on ships among things .Ifwe believe the ex