历年高考英语写作技巧讲解

1、29/29最新-历年高考英语写作技巧讲解【考查要点】 高考英语书面表达具体主要考查学生以下几种能力： 1.观察分析，获取,加工和输出信息的能力。 2.体现语法规则，并且正确熟练运用语法的能力。 3.语言交际表达得体，突出正确语用的能力。 4。关注社会现实，锤炼思维表达能力。 【解题指南】 要在短时间内写出一篇高分作文，一定要遵循一个写任何作文都可以采用的方法步骤。下文介绍书面表达解题六步骤. 1。审题 审清题意，明确要求。认真阅读书面表达试题中文字信息、图表信息,这是写好书面表达的关键.弄清楚文章应采用的体裁：记叙文、说明文、应用文等，用第几人称写作，主要的时态范畴是什么?如何开头、如何拓展、

2、如何收尾，动笔之前都应心中有数。 2.抓要点 抓住要点，列出关键词。用一两个单词或短语写出每句的细节要点,关键的连接词、转折词等. 3扩展成句 分析要点，扩展成句。弄清文章的主题之后，根据所列要点，运用适当的句型、时态，用词成句的方式将关键词扩展成句。 4连句成文 依据篇章结构，连句成文.在连句成文之前，一定要对文章的篇章结构有个合理清晰的构想:要点的先后排列顺序和语篇衔接是否得当、层次是否清楚、结构是否一目了然、主谓是否一致、开头结尾逻辑关系是否自然、意思是否表达清楚、中心是否突出. 5查错改错 复读作文，检查修改。打完草稿后要认真检查,修改润色，避免不必要的错误。主要注意以下几个方面：要点

3、是否遗漏，文体格式是否正确.时态语态是否错误，主谓是否一致.句子结构、关联词是否恰当。名词的数、代词的性数格、现在分词、过去分词、冠词等是否符合英语的习惯。单词的拼写是否有误等. 6规范抄写 定稿成文，规范抄写。书写一定要美观.如果无法达到这一标准。至少也应想着向这一标准看齐.阅卷老师每天要反复看同样内容的文章很多遍。如果连最基本的清晰度都没有，又如何获得高分呢？因此要留出足够时间抄写,确保卷面整洁清楚。忌：书写潦草、单词模糊不清、左右明显不齐、随意涂改、缺乏分段. 【评分标准】1. 档次评分本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。评分时先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来

4、衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 第五档 完全完成了试题规定的任务覆盖所有内容要点应用了较多的语法结构和词汇语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽量使用复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;具备较强的语言应用能力有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑完全达到了预期的写作目的(21-25分） 第四档 完全完成了试题规定的任务虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容应用的语法结构和词汇量能满足任务的要求语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因使用较复杂语法结构或词汇所致应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑达到了预期的写作目的(1620分） 第三档 基本完成了试题规定的任务虽漏掉一些内容,但覆盖

5、所有的主要内容应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误,但不影响理解应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯整体而言,基本达到了预期的写作目的（11-15分） 第二档 未恰当完成试题规定的任务漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容,写了一些无关内容语法结构单调、词汇项目有限有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响了对写作内容的理解较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性信息未能清楚地传达给读者(610分) 第一档 未完成题规定的任务明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容,原因可能是未理解试题要求语法结构单调、词汇项目有限较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响对写作内容的理解缺乏语句间的连接

6、成分，内容不连贯信息未能传达给读者（1-5分）0分未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清2. 字数限制高考要求学生的作文字数在100字左右，上下浮动范围在10字以内。注意:字数不够不一定扣分。对策：控制每行字数，写十行作文。3. 内容要求1)写对:文章内容是否切题a. 是否表达了全部要点b。 有无表达明显奇怪，错误的思想c。 有无明显跑题的话2) 写好：要在字，词，句，篇章，文化和写作常识上好好斟酌，才能写出满分文章4。 写作常识 写作常识包括语法,标点，拼写,格式等等,切莫小看了这些环节，避免小的失误会让阅卷者对同学们有一个好的印象，这对获得

7、高分至关重要。满分作文是允许有轻微错误的。5。 书写要求1)卷面要整洁,字迹要清楚应细心书写，便于别人阅读。大写字母应稍大于也稍高于小写字母，a和o、a和cl、d和cl、 u和v、n和u要分清.在逗号后空出约一个字母的间隔，在句号后则空出约两个字母的间隔。如要划去一个词,不能用括号把它括起来，因为括号中的词还是要的;而要用粗线把它涂掉，切勿把字抹黑。如要增加一个词，应加在已写的一行词上面,不要加在下面,还要用清楚的符号表明加在何处.2） 标点符号使用要正确结构完整的句子，不论长短，后面都打句号.不要用逗号连接两个并列从句;应用逗号加连词，或用分号.在疑问句后用问号，但在改为间接引语的问句后不用

8、问号,例如：“Have you done your exercises？” the teacher asked。The teacher asked whether we had done our exercises.感叹句只用在需要强调的感叹句或表示强烈感情的词语后面，不要用得太多。直接引语应放在两个引号之间。说话人和表示“说的动词可放在引语前面、后面或中间:She said, “I have decided to take the examination。”“I have decided to take the examination， she said。“I have decided，”

9、she said, “to take the examination.”注意上面三个句子的标点符号用法。第一句中的She said后面用逗号；第二句的引语后打逗号，she是小写;第三句在decided 和she said后面都用逗号，而且引语的第二部分也用小写字母开始。总之,引语和she said被视作一个句子，只是引语的第一个词要大写。3） 专用名词的拼写要正确。1. 人名2. 地名3。 国名4) 单词拼写要正确5) 格式要正确(大小写、标题、书信、日记、通知等）【长难句】1. 写出key words，确认中心骨架2. 逻辑排列3。 加工润色例句：大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展

10、人际交往能力，这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。 Most of (A majority of） students believe (hold the view) that part-time jobs can provide them with opportunities机会to/and develop (improve/better) communication ability能力(social abilities/interpersonal skills人际关系技巧),which is good for (is beneficial to有益于） their looking for jo

11、bs (job-hunting求职） in the future （after their graduation).拓展长句的三大方法The most important factor因素 we have to take into consideration is sth。/thatThe most important thing I want to talk about is thatsth./ thatIt is also of great importance to pay close attention tothatBesides what is mentioned above上诉的，

12、it is necessary to think aboutIn addition to除之外 what is talked about above， I want to tell you sth. about1.写引导词：包括起承转合例（让句子变得高端)起: in the first place首先， first and foremost首要的， to begin/start with承： second （ly），in the second place, furthermore而且,此外, moreover而且，此外, whats more, in addition另外, besides 转

13、:but, however， on the contrary与此相反， in contrast/comparison相比之下, nonetheless虽然如此,但是； nevertheless尽管如此,然而; 合: last but not least最后同样重要的，so, therefore， in conclusion最后，综上所述， to conclude最后, in a/one word， in general， 例： for instance, for example, such as，When it comes to。.。 说起经典引导句型There is no doubt tha

14、t/in saying thatThere is no exaggeration夸张 in saying thatIt is known to us all that，It is wellknown thatIt is apparent/obvious显然的 thatit is not hard to understand thatIt is not too much to say thatIt is commonly/widely/generally agreed that （acknowledged公认的 that/ believed that)。写插入语（让句子变得客观）that is

15、to sayto a certain extent在某种程度上，to some degree在一定程度上，to a larger degree在很大程度上for one reason or another因为某种原因, to put it in another way换言之directly or indirectly 直接或间接in other words 换句话说as a matter of fact 事实上例：English is, to a large degree， important。 be后Computer， directly or indirectly， influences o

16、ur life。 行前Computer can， as a matter of fact, influence our life. 助行间例句：It is known to us all that， English is， to a large degree， very important due to that English is becoming a global/world language。 /is becoming more and more （increasingly) popularThere is no doubt in saying that computer， direc

17、tly or indirectly， to a large degree, influences our life primarily owing to that （computer can make our work and study faster） computer can improve the efficiency of our work and study。 It is hard to understand that doing parttime job can, to a large extent, broaden our horizon in that we can under

18、stand more about the society by knowing a lot of people。3.写从句（让句子变得漫长)名词性定语从句：that, who时间状语从句：before， when, after, during地点状语从句：where）原因状语从句:because, because of that。primarily/mainly owing to that, partly/partially due to that， in that 例： I like you in that you are very kind.假设状语从句：if， on condition

19、that in case that【精选核心单词】1。 好坏与权衡:reap a lot of benefits from 从中收获很多advantage， disadvantage every coin has its two sides, every thing has two sides 2.允许与禁止：allow (all+low） ： allow sb. to do sth。 permit （ per+mit, ） ： permit sb。 to do, sb。 is permitted to do sth.， ask for the permission fromforbid禁止：

20、 forbid sb。 to do, sth。 is forbidden by3.学校与课程 ：in university， on campus, major in主修， minor in辅修， English course， optional course选修课, required/compulsory course必修课4。考虑与因素：take sth. into consideration/accountsth. is the decisive决定性的/ an essential/ the most important factor5. 提及与谈到：Talking about （the

21、importance of English， three factors should be considered.）When it comes to （the importance of English, three factors should be considered。）6。 分歧与主张,There is no agreement on the issue问题 thatsome people hold the view that， some others hold an opposite view thatso far as I am concerned, .。 in my opini

22、on, from my perspective,7。 反对与拥护：advocate主张： We advocate the change of the policy。 support the idea thatargue/hold/maintain/deem/that8。 当今与形势decade： in recent decades，nowadays， currently， at the present day/timewith the development of science and technology/economy/culture/societyinformation technol

23、ogy， more and more people are paying attention toclose/due attention should be paid to9。 喜好与厌恶prefer： prefer to do, prefer to dorather than do, it is my preference， sth. is preferred。people are reluctant to do不情愿做某事10。 现象与原因：phenomenon现象 phenomena复数lead to， cause， So what are the reasons behind this

24、 phenomenon？the reasons behind the phenomenon are as follows11. 影响与趋势：tend to趋向于tendency : There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices. effects： exert effects onbring negative/positive influence on带来负面/积极影响do good/harm to12。 感激与宽恕be thankful/grateful to sb. for.。to e

25、xpress ones gratitude toI am writing to you to tell you/to express my thanksforgive excuse pardon me for what I did13。 举例与说明for instance， such asas far as I am concerned以我为例14. 效率与改善affect effect effective efficient efficiency: To make it more efficient/effective.to enhance/improve sth. 15. 联系与期待Ema

26、il: e-mail me at the address：contact me by the number ofshould there be anything I can help you， never hesitate犹豫 to call me。I am looking forward to hearing from you； an immediate reply will be fully appreciated。16。 沉溺与控制：sth. is prevalent普遍的become addicted to沉溺于abandon/addict oneself to sth. is und

27、er controlprevent sb。 from doing sth.cancel， fight against17. 付出与回报：No pains, no gains.take pains to do sth。尽力做某事reward n./vt。报酬,奖赏 rewarding值得的Learning English is painstaking and challenging but rewarding。 reap a lot of benefits frombe benefited to do sth.18。 活动娱乐recreation activities娱乐活动Physical t

28、raining体育take part in/participate inentertainment entertain19. 种类与改变vary vt./vi改变various: various kinds of，a variety of, a great number of20。 心里与身体physically身体上spiritually精神上psychologically心理上， psychology心理mentally心理上, mental health例:沉溺于网络对身心有害。Becoming addicted to internet is physically harmful and

29、 mentally unhealthy。21。 建议与要求I suggest that you shouldMy suggestion is that people shouldIt is important that you shouldessential significant necessaryDue/close attention should be paid to that22。 个性与美德be optimistic/pessimistic/openminded/easy-going/extrovert/introverthardworking, diligent(diligence

30、）， lazy（laziness）， cautious, kind-hearted, warmhearted, ready to help others， cold-blooded23。 环境与污染environment pollution, environment protectionecological balance生态平衡 ecology生态strike the balance between human society and naturethreaten vt./vi.威胁pose a threat to human beings对人类构成威胁punishment, punishe

31、d, rewarded例：English may be the most important factor in deciding which countries are leaders in the future. The language of the most advanced management and technology is undoubtedly English。 sth /to do sth/doing sth may be the most important factor to sth/in deciding sth。The sth of sth is undoubte

32、dly sth。The way to do sth is undoubtedly to do sth.Being able to do sth is the key to sth/ doing sth。【常用连词】a. 用于按空间展开的段落之中的连接词和过渡词有：abovebefore mehere on the left/ right acrossbelowin the distance beyond nearbyopposite to over bynext toon top of close tobeneath under around near toalongb. 用于按时间顺序展开的

33、段落之中的连接词和过渡词有： first， second。 sooneventually in the meantime/ at the same time all of a sudden/suddenly early this year/morning after an intervallater afterward finallyat last at noon in the morning/afternoon/evening c. 用于按比较法展开的段落之中的连接词和过渡词有： furthermoremoreover similarly equally importanttoo， also

34、at the same time besidesthenin the same way in factin addition tolike, likewisee. 用于按对比法展开的段落之中的连接词和过渡词有： on the contrarydifferent from on the other handin contrast to despitein spite of yet， butwhereas unlikenevertheless not onlybut alsoherethere years agotodaythisthat the formerthe latterthennow t

35、he firstwhereas the secondon the one handon the other hand【各类作文模板】1.图表作文模板as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage inthetable（graph/picture/pie/chart), _作文题目的议题_ has been on rise/ decrease（goes up/increases/drops/decreases），significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from

36、_ in _ to _ in _。 From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart， it goes without saying that _。 There are at least two good reasons accounting for _。 On the one hand， _. On the other hand，_ is due to the fact that _.In addition， _ is responsible for _.Maybe there are some other reasons to show _.

37、But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing. As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _. I am suremy opinion is both sound and well-grounded。2。议论文模板There is a widespread concern over the issue that _作文题目_。 But it is well known that the opinion

38、 concerning this hot topic varies from person to person。 A majority of people think that _ 观点一_。 In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows： in the first place, _原因一_.Furthermore， in the second place, _原因二_. So it goes without saying that _观点一_.People,however,differi

39、ntheiropinionsonthismatter。Somepeoplehold the idea that _观点二_。 In their point of view， on the one hand， _原因一_。 On the other hand, _原因二_. Therefore， thereis nodoubtthat _观点二_。As far as I am concerned， Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat _观点一或二_。Itis not only because _， but also because _. The more _， the more

40、_.3。应用文（申请信）模板Your addressMonth, Date, yearReceivers addressDear 。,I am extremely pleased to hear from you。/ to see your advertisement for the position in And I would like to write a letter to tell you that。./ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising。.。./ I feel

41、I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed。 On the one hand, .。. On the other hand, .。.。 I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference.I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you

42、at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.Best regards for your health and success.Sincerely yours，X X X首先， 第一： initially, to begin with， to start with其次， 第二， 第三， 第四： furthermore， moreover, in addition, besides最后： finally, last but not the least【

43、必备句子】：现在（目前）, XXXX现象是不可避免且难以否认的Currently， there is an inevitable and undeniable fact that At present， it is inevitable and undeniable that .例句: Currently， there is an inevitable and undeniable fact that computer is playing a significant role in our daily livesAt present, it is inevitable and undenia

44、ble that advertisement has been flooding into our daily lives随着社会(科技)的发展,人们开始注意到XXXX的重要性Along with the advance of the society （science and technology)， people are attaching much importance to 例句: Along with the advance of the society, people are attaching more and more importance to the interview in

45、 the jobhunting最近， XXXXX现象引起了人们的广泛关注Recently， the phenomenon of （that） has aroused wide public concern例句： Recently， the phenomenon that CPI keeps increasing has aroused wide public concern一部分人认为.， 而另一部分人认为Some people argue that., whereas others maintain that就我个人而言(老实说), 我全力支持前者（后者)As for me， I am in

46、 high favor of the former (latter）Personally， I side with the former (latter）Frankly speaking/ To be frank/ To be honest/ Honestly speaking, it is the former （latter) that I approve of我认为（在我看来，就我看来，我的观点是， 我想.)I am convinced that.As far as I am concerned， 。.To my point of view, 。From where I stand， 因

47、此， 基于以上讨论， 我们很容易得出的结论Hence (Consequently）， based on the discussion above， it is easy for us to draw the conclusion that.作文中一些可用来替换常用词汇的高级词汇importantsignificant goodstunning， fabulous, sensational wayapproach, methoduseadopt understand/know-figure out but-nevertheless soconsequently， therefore1.becau

48、se ofdue to like to do/want to dobe inclined to do, be willing to do finish-accomplish advantages and disadvantages-pros and cons考写作常用谚语观点陈述：1。 熟能生巧 。 2. 爱屋及乌 。 3 一石二鸟 .4.有志者事竟成 。5。好的开始等于成功的一半 。6 结尾好一切都好 。7.活到老，学到老 。8.入乡随俗 .（Rome was not built in a day。 伟业非一日之功。）9.眼见为实 。10。患难见真情 。11。英雄所见略同 。12。知识就是力

49、量 .13。 As the tree，so the fruit。 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。14.All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。总结感召：15行动胜过语言。 。（Facts speak plainer than words. 事实胜于雄辩。）16.说起来容易做起来难 .17.欲速则不达 。18三思而后行 。19万事开头难 。 （A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 千里之行始于足下。）20言出必行 .21. .失败是成功之母 。(Experience is the moth

50、er of wisdom。 实践出真知。) 22 Slow and steady wins the race. 稳扎稳打无往而不胜23 A fall into the pit，a gain in your wit。 吃一堑，长一智. For you: 24。 No pain； no gain。 没有付出就不会有收获25. God helps those who help themselves。 天助自助者。26。An idle youth,a needy age. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲.27。 36.To live is to learn,to learn is to better live

51、。 活着为了学习，学习为了更好的活着。28. All work and no play makes jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。29。 Know the enemy and know yourself, and you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of being defeated. 知己知彼 百战百胜 30。 One false step will make a great difference。 失之毫厘，谬之千里.其他:31 One mans meat is another mans poison。 萝卜青菜各有所爱 32 。Ill news travels fast. 坏事传千里。33. It is hard to please all。 众口难调。34。Call back white and white back。 颠倒黑白.36。Like and like make good friends. 趣味相投。36.The older, the wiser. 姜是老的辣。友情链接：历年真题(05年安徽卷） 假