用作宾补的几种常见形式

1、用作宾补的几种常见形式崔长平河南遂平一高（463100）中学教材中经常出现一些复合宾语结构，含有复合宾语的句型为：主语（s）+及物动词（vt.）+宾语（o）+宾补（o.c）能充当宾补的形式有:1.名词Ifanyonecametosetmefree,Iwouldmakehimkingovertheworld.In1849,hewenttoEnglandandmadeLondonthebaseforhisrevolutionarywork.说明：1）常用名词作宾语的动词有：find,make,elect,name,call,consider,think,choose等。2）表示职位、官衔的名词作宾

2、补时，其前不用冠词或用定冠词总是暗指正职,如用不定冠词，表示该职位或官衔不是唯一的，暗指副职。2.形容词或副词Theguardbroughtouthisknifeandcutonebootopen.Imadeapromisethatifanyonesetmefree,Iwouldmakehimveryrich.Veryloudnoisecanmakepeopleill,hurttheirears,orevendrivethemmad.说明：1）常接形容词或副词作宾补的动词有:believe,cut,consider,think,prove,get,make,drive,want,keep,tu

3、rn,set,find,wish,wash,leave等。2）当宾语是不定式或从句时，用it作形式宾语，并将不定式或从句移到宾补的后边。Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublicthattheydoanimportantandnecessaryjob.HefounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.不定式（短语）Shewantedhimtosingforherfriends.Nothingcouldmakemeturnagainstmycountry.Heorderedasoldiertobringanationalflagan

4、dcoveredtheboysbodywithit,leavinghisfaceexposed.说明：1）常跟不定式作宾补的词有：ask,beg,tell,advise,persuade,invite,allow,likelove,prefer,hate,expect,warn,summon,permit,get,force,oblige,forbid,teach,urge,askfor,longfor,request,require,callon等。2）常跟不定式作宾补的词还有：see,observe,watch,make,let,have,help等。为了方便记忆，可利用下面的make,l

5、et,have,help等。为了方便记忆，可利用下面的notice,lookat,hear,listento,feel“顺口溜”：不定式，作宾补，下列词后不带to:与have,外加一个help,带否均可较特殊to不可省；等属固定用法；to不带to均可；order,forbid,compel,lead等,虽也有“五看”，“二听”，“一感觉”；make,let如果主动变被动，宾补随之变主补，这时切记要带to。需要指出的是：（1）feel后由tobe不定式短语作补语时，（2）beletgo,beletfall,beletslip（3）let用于被动结构时，作主补的不定式带（4）动词get,set,c

6、ause,force,oblige“使，”“迫使”，“命令”，“禁止”等“使役”含义，但它们后跟不定式作宾补时须带to分词Dontkeepyourmotherwaiting.Tokeeptheenemyoutofhisempire,EmperorQinShiHuanghadallthewallsjoinedup.Hisclothesseemedtobejustpulledontokeephimcovered,likeablankettokeeponewarm.说明：1）常跟分词作宾补的词有：keep,have,send,find,smell,leave,lookat,listento,have

7、,have,get,make,prefer,hear,watch,feel,notice,observe等。2）get,listento,lookat,smell等动词常用现在分词（短语）作宾补，及feel,get,have,like,want,wish等动词用过去分词作宾补只能用于SVOC句型中。as词组作宾补Theyalsohopedthattheworldwouldlookonthepyramidsasmonumentstothem.,hetaughtitasatruthtohisstudents.Theysetupastateoftheirown,wheretheywouldbefreetokeepNegroesasslaves.说明：