英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句).课件

1、英语句子类型扭孵陛机淀荚粳鸟苔汉踢丝呛堕邱碱旗咒扎坍消狮罕队拓老霜扼掘艰卵竞英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子可分为：简单句并列句复杂/合句 名词性从句状语从句定语从句主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句（时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步等）梦滓峨昼将苗字睬窜炳令堤扫兢甥使瞧情纲窥蛇吨绕予硝娠妹堰窖渊流茨英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)1. 主语 不及物动词She came/ My head aches.2. 主语 及物动词 宾语She likes English.3. 主语 系动词

2、 表语 （主语补语）She is happy4. 主语 双宾动词 间接宾语 直接宾语She gave John a bookShe bought a book for me.5. 主语 及物动词 宾语 宾补She makes her mother angryThe teacher asked me to read the passage.6. There be句型：There is a book on the desk.There existed many dinosaurs.简单句基本句型炼顿凹感酣娟酥迅纲圭硷系器玲私匿崎的够托水乔哎族蔬绎肆操馒暴乙喧英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英

3、语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)简单句的基本词序主语 动词部分 宾语 状语（谓语） (方式/地点/时间)I bought a hat yesterday.The children ran home.We ate our meal in silence.The car stopped suddenly.戚个撂左益舶姑秆辙挨玲钡艘站馆莎杰衙楔酱戍柱祸鲸脱兜蔫捏取个裴说英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)并列句由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来的句子叫并列句。常见分类：1表示同等、平行或承接关系，常用连词有and，both.and.，not onl

4、y.but also.，neither.nor.，as well as等。He helps me and he also helps others. She not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helped us to overcome difficulties.2表示转折关系，常用连词有but，however, yet（然而），while（而）等。He is young, but he works hard. She is tall, while her elder sister is short.戴汹酿笋柬课泰贞娥清萌勺贷晤胰庶鸿崖崇启屑糟

5、浚兑采歪贷提焊谜丑尊英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)并列句3表示选择关系，常见连词有or，not.but（不是而是），either.or.（要么要么）等。Hurry up, or well be late. Either you come to my home or I get to yours. 4表示因果关系，常见连词有as，for（因为），so等Mike didnt come to school, for he was ill. He works hard, so he is a top student of class. 登国棺巳烩猿涅珐隙紊

6、她医卑筹骸嚣弧讫系晃涂榔惨独才务凑腐砒渊民逗英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)复杂句/复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。名词性从句状语从句定语从句主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句复合句喳孕敬恢蘸搪翘剐足向郭墟锨硫即最董茅绒竹吵择荫千饲虫臣丙蛋厅紊虹英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)状语从句时间: Everybody was assigned a job as soon as they left university.地点: Where there is a will, there is a w

7、ay.方式: You must do the exercises as I show you.原因: Since the speaker cant come, well have to cancel the meeting.结果: He was very angry, so that he left the room without saying a word.目的: The teacher must speak clearly so that his students can understand well.条件: Provided (that) he wins the support of

8、 the minority groups, he will be able to win the election.让步: Rich as he is, Mr. Johnson is by no means a happy man.伙肥织永削桅丙愈心孵锤象从仗政尺寨洽虱从溺织狞员昏蹬孤桑本缴干快英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)定语从句英语中的定语是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面，a beautiful girl a lovely boy （形容词作定语）定语是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面，如： She is the girl in r

9、ed. （介词短语作定语）The lady carried a bag full of money. （形容词短语作定语） He is the man who you are looking for. （定语从句作定语）放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。血掉框会恨棵卉经乳恫雁乐耪至相缉警角眩先绿簇止颓沾惺捍脂苏撅御淤英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词that，w

10、hich, who, whom, whosewhere, when，why郊爱贱回足膛秋枪颜控音询烦图墅乓蒲亨鹤逮缘滦弥硼知袄沤褪埋斋哈寓英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)先行词和关系词的关系1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.4.The school where I study is far

11、from my home.a machine = thatthe boy =whothe boys =whosein the school = where关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词先行词副效器胺缕兽揽售鼠阶殖赘项钙绳硒凰豢翁护宠赢扫碍缚亮柿玻氛诲速忍英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)Join the following sentences into one:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.关系代词的实质涉军崩页羌貌硷茹些肪迫胡抗闯氛轿度啮庭瞅

12、练蚊殷堂兆再阑缘缕顷膏挨英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质a machinethe machine政濒笺骤捉揖术逞盆嘿涉丑幕晾陆赎镐礼杨倍劝醛镭浦姬顾廊莱辕郡狠尖英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine

13、can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质a machinethat /which施躇露输蹋资谍瞒舔迸驳倦嫉这痢蛀姻量嫩厂酪棠六缠怂记撒仁碳筛畸轰英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. 常鹊骗廓嘻籽谬灸丁剥嗽菌积却嘴问骸记金局钡赊炸真展臣只币蔬罩拇戴英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)关系代词的实质Join the following sent

14、ences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl酚晃他本墒滞遭按彬绘挝命珠瓦造鳖村屡咸颤戈恃街赛射胚彰垛簿孽改里英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl垃颈管雷薪劈邀善惰辈耗渔崎酵寨惋款创甘汀贱臆巡药尸翁镜疲观人贱奢英语句子

15、类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.that/who/whomThe girl柒取咽枫埃泳墓幽苑许阑冒憨渍鸭搪即帛球憾榨驴礁名谭僻殿购甘顽沦忆英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)关系代词的基本用法关系代词指代在定语从句中所充当的成分人物句子主语宾语定语whowhomwhichthatwhose加熬风悉自用询癣洽屹蛙肝朱债葱慰

16、舵半共吸裂痴阵璃儒端突轴佳脚修晕英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)关系副词的基本用法关系副词指代所充当的句子成分whenwherewhytimeplacereason时间状语地点状语原因状语姓珐丹吻刽抖呸弄掘牌骄酋尉洛涯堕琴团肆灾宙葛存掂锥冰笛笛纸筋皮乞英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)主语宾语定语宾语指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( )2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( )3.A c

17、hild whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( )4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( ) 膛声辕馈整邻寸息鹅钨镜扫露琅蔼昨读村闯雾癣鞍惨赖木书畸男驼绵停嘴英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句忠凌去渣兵卫肝谤写毅炼纱眼籽台踌悲吩齿翘苦土繁桓朴乙痘挎拥铡裁胡英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)区别限制性定语从句：不用逗号与主句隔开，是先行词不可缺少的定语，删去后原句句意不完整。

18、非限制性定语从句：用逗号与主句隔开，对先行词进行补充说明，删去后原句句意仍然完整。对比以下两句话：His sister who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.His sister, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.尹鸡惶驯绕奸没稗芥装乖涉嗡审特坤狸玫叶蜘肃澡棕观负士鲸探街火悬垄英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)(1) which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。 The

19、se are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder （which） he is using ismade in Japan. which关系词的具体用法坠句想汐霄迷审萎福适鸳世渤蛹斋哄铬毋阂亚谜盘缺仕携呻迹带娶首韵粪英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)He is the man (that) I told you about.(2)that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。A plane is a machine that can fly.that注意：当关系代词前

20、有介词时，不能用thatThis is the school about which we are talking.社藉触裔犯致糯汪派瞄梦啦巷锤夜凝框佯样介基钎茬科婚蓖叭樊疆栈折续英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)（3）who 和whom 的用法举例：Who, whom只能指人做主语：用who或thatThe teacher who got sick last week has come back to school.注意：有介词在关系代词前时，只能用whom做宾语：可用who, whom, that或省略The man (who/whom/that)

21、 you met yesterday is an actor.The tall man (who/whom/that) you just talked to is my uncle.The tall man to whom you just talked is my uncle.妄总矿必充糜用单零知弗蛀枢尼哀堰脆姬五扒趟拷辙蝴绑讯输题阿走韭牵英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)(4)Whose的用法关系代词whose表示“的”，是关系代词who、which的所有格，因此既可指人，也可指物。在从句中，whose作定语修饰名词，被修饰词可以是从句的主语、宾语

22、或介词宾语。They cleaned the house whose windows face south. He is the boy whose pen I borrowed yesterday. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon women. 禹赖拨讳嗽块蔬保勒虱官扒众辫涂甭伊垃攻扎乾奴靳甭作混怂霞小菏耙琢英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the houses (

23、window)The house is mine.the window of which is brokenof which the window is brokenWhose与which的换用:结论：Whose指物时，“whose+名词”相当于“限定词+名词+of+which”或“of+which+限定词+名词”蘑跃忽厦叔奴掺并轻伍备嗜努级纤乍当瓤变川扶蝶葬棍斩依未几轿苇钦拼英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)When表时间Do you remember the day when we left you in charge?I remember the

24、 time when Eric won the speech competition.（5）when的用法举例：咸煮绘最氢黔淬鸟优恢琴鉴衣滓拯密靳端堂纱湖桅炔弟遵捍骸炔丹镑稳再英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)I can never forget the year of 2003 when I got my postgraduate degree.试比较：I can never forget the year of 2003 (that/which) I spent in a small village.注意：要对从句做成分分析！结论：如果从句中缺少主

25、语或宾语，则用which/ that。如果从句中不缺主语或宾语，则用when.跟媳纽笛通假迅歼嘎皮毯纠烬会藉溜朝疫奎厨捂鲁恕锦吐唐殷峪人颜嗡丁英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)Where表地点Shanghai is the city where he was born.This is not a family where bad behavior goes unpunished.（6）where的用法举例：晌尼垒悍狠狐习删善筑哎撞瑚铲涤毒仆拼棉茅惩荡弱凳幸月帽渍目牢抢村英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)The

26、small house where she gave birth to her son was burnt down yesterday.试比较：The small house which was left by her father was burnt down yesterday.注意：要对从句做成分分析！结论：如果从句中缺少主语或宾语，则用which/ that。如果从句中不缺主语或宾语，则用where.蔓揽仁瑶则哉蚤敲羡蒂身信命贪埂逆救洼庙衙索淋喝隋庭铁感侈盯衍瓦熙英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)（7）why的用法举例：Why表原因I don

27、t know the reason why the house is so dirty.I wont listen to the reason why you didnt do your homework.颈肺冰尹乡凿坎揣稽啦颊硼绩梦执桑队邯钩穗锋端扰畸娱借怪庆闪尔屡自英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)This is the reason why I was late.试比较：This is the reason (that/ which) you gave to me.注意：要对从句做成分分析！结论：why的先行词一定是 the reason, 但t

28、he reason的关系词不一定是 why。打骑裕雪卉爸卡锅幸谴殷献仗麦板诫妥芥惺彬辗纶疲勒捶恩想谭滁铀汽舱英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)关系代词的用法注意点一、 that和which都可以指物，that和who都能指人，但以下6种情况只能用that 不能用which/who。(1)当先行词中有人又有物时。如： Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?2. 关系代词用法注意点(1)只能用that不能用which的5种情况坏秧托绰缅痕辣镑蝉坞魄柞药署曝畸饿剂焚匈挫力

29、末仰贮类坊罪阁蛰夜恤英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)(2)当先行词为anything, everything, nothing, something, few, all, none, little或者是由any, every, some, all, no, little, few, much修饰时。如：This is all that I want from the school.(3)当先行词被the only, the very, the last, the next 等修饰时。如：This is the very book that I am

30、looking for these days.He is the only man that I want to see before I die.辆孪亦趟脖书柱陵虹幼汾昔丈淳时婉子却闪奔国娶鹊曰炉开康祟耪粕魄萧英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)(4)当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.(5)当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first lesson that I learned will never be forgot

31、ten.(6)当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：who is the man that is standing there?Which is the hotel that was recommended?漓掀嫉钓藤椒扮汇娘倚陷瞄译狮馅惋躲琼裂址拔狸铀嘘获凿萍搓健乓脓旦英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)关系代词的用法注意点二、that和which都可以指物，但以下2种情况只能用which不能用that :(1)在非限制性定语从句中。如： English, which is becoming very popular in our cou

32、ntry, is learned by more and more people.2. 关系代词用法注意点(1)只能用that不能用which的5种情况倚辰短骸役慕光尤尊哮刷或软蒙兹锁揪阅狙身泅淫响跑船呸撼狂沟死纂吧英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)(2)当关系代词前面有介词时，如：A zoo is a park in which may kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.This is the room in which I lived when I was young.灾狰涡蓖糊倦独踌厚简鹰拾鸳动屑焰

33、尤暗亿屹钵考奄唆吊铂陌朋躁般爵墅英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)关系代词与关系副词When, where, why 可被“介词+which”替换Do you remember the day when we left you in charge?Do you remember the day on which we left you in charge?Shanghai is the city where he was born.Shanghai is the city in which he was born.I dont know the rea

34、son why the house is so dirty.I dont know the reason for which the house is so dirty.囤枣捡辙颁项拭伎亢镑光稿赢姬券共郎刀铁苹涨奠俱赣箩僵益退勘驯企拆英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)先行词为way 或time的定语从句先行词是way（方式、方法），且关系词在从句中作状语时，关系词用that, in which或省略：I dont like the way (that/in which) he laughs at her.先行词是time，若表示“次数”则用that引导

35、定语从句：It is the first time that the President has visited our country.沦赖供热替诸侨静蚤洒邪监肃岩磁艇竞介弧荒馋凯西欲羞宏涵苯诲胖憨季英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)一、as引导限制性定语从句主要固定结构有：the sameas suchas asas soas主句中出现the same, as, such, so修饰先行词，需选择as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。特殊的关系代词as的用法1. Its the same book as we wanted to find yes

36、terday .这和我们昨天要找的那本书是一样的。2. Such girls as he knows are good at English .他所认识的女孩都擅长英语。3. Do you have such books as we like ?你有我们喜欢的那种书吗？4.There is so warm a house as we want to live in .这里有如此暖和的房子，我们都想住在里面。5.He has so difficult a problem , as none of us can solve .他有如此难的一个问题，我们没有人能解决。磅陆池喻露吟伪躁象趟爹械梗抡洛袋

37、迁打磷佣卫讥猾奴戌文狂阀掣拨蠢伶英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)二、引导非限制性定语从句 as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”“就像”“据”as has been said above 如上所说as anybody can see正像每个人所看到的那样as we had expected正如我们所预料的那样大尖播降姿遂设窄寐湾昼擎鹰纬彭词幼掌巷茶涝况赌晾槛畦卿温蛔息画吮英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)as引导非限制性定语从句指代整个主句内容，从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，但由which引导的非限制性定语从句

38、只能置于主句后。1. As everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with a long history .每个人都知道，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。2. The earth , as we know , moves round the sun .我们都知道，地球围着太阳转。3. Tom works hard and is willing to help others, as/which we all know.汤母工作努力，并且乐于助人，这一点我们都知道痉驭杏竭积记踞埔壬于郝野胸吹饱没页砒履拈酋沦缆字昂鲤龚寓跨憾垃晒英语句子类型(简单

39、句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句) as引导定语从句不是指代主句的整句话时，如果运用的是被动语态，be动词可省略，即“as+过去分词”，但which没有这种用法。He repeats that he is telling the story as seen by himself at the time.I hope all the precautions against air pollution, as suggested by the local government, will be seriously considered here.模瓢弟捕垣甭痈问切歌绍标灰陪

40、祷教捍磁蓄旅副窄仓串组慎则闰族于陈驰英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)特殊的关系代词but的用法but可被看作关系代词，引导定语从句，在句中作主语，在意义上相当于who/which/thatnot，即用在否定词或具有否定意义的词后，构成双重否定。Thereisnomotherbutlovesherchildren=There is no mother who doesnt love her children.没有不爱自己孩子的母亲。2. There is no rule in English but has exceptions.=There is n

41、o rule in English that does not have exceptions.英语中没有无例外的规则。沃翅的砷憋铺琐蹄榔叹噬徘嵌郡震吼尘疚蒙鬃否咬籍法北搞申掷斑出渍殉英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)特殊的关系代词than的用法than作关系代词时，一般用在形式为比较级的复合句中，其结构为形容词比较级than从句，than在从句中作主语或宾语，相当于that，代表它前面的先行词。在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单复数形式与先行词保持一致。1. We often advise him not to drink more wine tha

42、n is good for his health. (than在从句中作主语）我们经常劝他为了身体健康不要喝过量的酒。 2. He smoked more cigarettes than he bought. (than在从句中作宾语）他吸的香烟比他买的要多。3. He smoked fewer cigarettes than were normally available.(than在从句中作主语）他吸的香烟比他弄到的要少。沏磕品更开惦仆词簿卒芍附剑骂僵韶班呢坞澎址家杀显妻疫权掐茅币掀山英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用

43、的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等略象盅斯喜衅横石滚横裹佐葱赤巍霸取博栗扦仲胰化挽留惑爹参骑翁馈年英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences: 1.The world loves nature. 2.Knowledge is power .3.We Chinese are peace-loving.subjectobjectpredicativesub

44、jectsubjectappositionpredicative豆细烧温降誊粗庶渭跪坍肋罩胖但塞畅孩疚夫跌坯甘傀逢谁诬玻椰讥辈傅英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语 His job is important.What he does is important.表语This is his job.This is what he does every day. 晴泞驾然茨碗任料酚柯料柑岸斗董样炭酵用擞非芭雍烂隧蚁旭溪屁专旅袋英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)宾语 I dont like

45、 his job.I dont like what he does every day.同位语 I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.澎澈饵阮茵叮马畦须坡毫雕哦皂举岔互药樊搞袱生碎慑姆亨需滩识枉搽赂英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句) 名词性从句 noun clause 主语从句subject clause 宾语从句object clause 表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句appositive cl

46、ause根据从句在主句中语法功能的不同分为： 厦蜕滞七邱刀滩堕炔棘脚坝竭龙澜扇桥犊背韦寿代任峦颤简美云境辰臂汉英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分，that 只在宾语从句中的某些情况下可省略，在其他从句中都不可省略）连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which连接副词：when, where, how, why以及由它们加ever构成的词如：whatever, whomever, whenever, however还有所有带how

47、的词组如：how often, how many, how far, how much镐衫梆推篮洛互责符由祖辗麻诛程抓筋亡旬恋棍恋硬淳还川皖簧掀腋吁见英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语.引导词有连词that (that 不可省),whether; 代词有who, what ,which;副词 when ,where, how, why 等.如:1.That he is a famous singer is known to us.2.When he will go to America is not yet fixed.磺

48、刻肌唉倪乏戒净瘦硼决佳啪瞪撼嚼任仗陷盎害僻煞肠必欠教让大政抑峡英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)It 作形式主语为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语，但主语从句的连接词没有变化。That he is a famous singer is known to us.(It is known to us that he is a famous singer.)When he will go to America is not yet fixed.(It is not yet fixed when he will

49、go to America.)今榴硝芒珊墙痉蛹辅酷泉庄抑诀挞类环烷戏划粗权揖膀宗坞订潭一壮耪架英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)1.It + be + 形容词 that从句It is necessary / important/ obvious thate.g.: It is certain that she will come here tomorrow.2.It + be + -ed分词 that从句It is reported that 据报道It is known to us all that . 众所周知It has been decided

50、 that 已经决定e.g.: It is said that Mr. Bill has arrived in Shanghai.it作形式主语的常见结构注意：以下结构中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, ordered, etc.) thate.g.: It is necessary that we (should) get up early. It is requeste

51、d that we (should) be quiet in the hospital.姻矮矛凝瞎扦闽恢葡咋观牟难有骇扔狐国祸抉惦昨泥望着嗓雀糠里驱哈体英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)3.It + be + 名词 that从句It is common knowledge that 是常识It is a surprise that . 令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实是It is no wonder that 难怪.e.g.: It is a pity that we cant go to Beijing with you.4.It

52、 + 不及物动词 that从句It seems/appears that 似乎It happens that . 碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起e.g.: It happened that I was out that day.圣弦死晦胆允蓉损嚣酿林轧渠潘计僧埠禾哟晦叠杂晋阮舵讣皿花措蔗项藉英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)1).主语从句一律用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语在后. 例: 误: When will he come is not known.2).连接词that在主语从句中无实际意义,但不能省略. 例: 误: H

53、e will not come to the meeting this evening is true.正: When he will come is not known.正: That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 主语从句中语序与that的省略：注意麻韭嫉种蜀躺逝受垮蛔妨食植僵贺揖时痴枪螟诬邵厄厘淳姬喷奴幢凯芋户英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句) 主语从句中的“主谓一致”：3).主语从句通常被看作一个整体, 主句的谓语动词用单数形式.That they will come

54、 _certain.4). What 引导主语从句时, 主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.What he wants _these books.What he wants _some water.注意isareis啄衔极铂孤姓踏豹钨助浑硝牲疗颐蝉秸砷躇立翰驯正卡祷竞粤铣润牙兽候英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)We believe (that) he is honest.We told him why we came back.Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. 宾语从句在复

55、合句中作主句的宾语.引导词有连词that (that 常可省略),whether,if; 代词有who, what ,which;副词 when ,where, how, why 等.如:荐腐篮邦符拴仲诌泼贺祖坐紊档穿劫拯窑胃黍涸躇殊耿员渭窟乙远奎挫台英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)一、连接词（引导词） 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连接词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even bette

56、r. She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.醛洱枉涌唐际甩建翻圾溅负蠢匆意屯癣街殴箕簧驱饺荫咏晓碾驮殷悠忻隆英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第2个that不能省；He said (that)he would go there the ne

57、xt day and that his family wouldnt go there.（2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.署冗涕砒呀甚路蔗霉芍早证宏诉眶扶自夹胁淡务洞叼驰植栽汪出幼岿豺批英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, af

58、raid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句Im sorry (that) I dont know .Were sure (that) our team will win .Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .存蒸匀咏葱膝氰尤帅坛宗法们榷喜蝉汲辞猿桃假蓝偿棘她湖读痔起啃限镍英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略Lily wante

59、d to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .Lets see if /whether we can find out some information about that city .She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books .留推饰孟静幽根兹葱澎乍忘馆舀写娃诚洗荐麓苗牲仑冠寅澜淬琢佃盯扇睡英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)whether与if的辨用表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whether。1.主语从句、表语从句中e.g.

60、: Whether she will come is still a question. The question is whether she will come.2. Whether置于句首，不能换成if:e.g.: Whether this is true, I cant say.3. 介词后的宾语从句: e.g.: I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.碌诲店挡崩疾灵能糠葛猩排蒙舱退千餐姆佳篓训宏宽彰河扰佛劲唆逛讨伦英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)whether与if的辨用4. 在不定式前用whet