高中英语【高考阅读拔高训练】精选外刊篇章解析金融时报：MoneyandHappiness

1、 金融时报：金钱与幸福写在前面的话：篇章阅读一直是高考英语拉分重点，也是同学们一直头疼的问题。对于阅读部分，同学们一方面要掌握答题技巧，扩充词汇量，另一方面也要拓展自己的阅读面，尤其是阅读一些外刊原文，体会英文地道表达和文章结构的呈现方式。虽然一开始会很难，但是长期坚持下去， 阅读能力就会有质的提升！对于本资料的使用：如果你是阅读一般， 平时不能完全看懂文章， 答题正确率较低的同学， 先不要阅读原文，直 接阅读每个段落的词汇详解部分，打好词汇基础。然后看每个段落的句子分析，再打开本文， 进行阅读，回顾词汇及句子分析，感受原文风采。如果你是阅读能力强，词汇储备量高，答题正确率高的同学，可直接阅读

2、本篇外刊文章，挑战自己，尽最大能力去理解文章中的句子含义，了解文章大意。之后再看下面的词汇详细介绍，查缺补漏。如此，进一步提升自己的阅读能力，强化语言实力。So, are you ready now ? Lets read it!篇章总览ABC来源：本期文章选自金融时报 2020年1月3日。主要内容：文章探讨了一个问题：如果英国经济在金融危机过后的表现更好，英国人会更幸福吗？Money and Happiness300Consider the good fortune of a country far richer than the UK. Its economy is more than b

3、illion bigger and its workers are almost a quarter more productive than Britains, enjoying wages that are typically 7,000higher. Households are flush enough to spend thousands more on consumption, just as public services are far better resourced. This economy still faces deep challenges including en

4、trenched inequality, regional imbalances and climate change but prosperity generally makes life just that bit easier.As a dismal decade draws to a close, its worth conjuring up this counterfactual fact - not to torment ourselves with what might have been, nor to relitigate the rights and wrongs of e

5、conomic recession. Rather, it is a timely moment to ponder how we would feel if things had turned out differently: would richer have meant happier?This may sound like a stupid question to many. Walk across any town or city in the UK and the human cost of economic stagnation is clear. Yet the link be

6、tween national prosperity and personal well-being is complex. One of the most cited and controversial findings in modern social science, the so-called Easterlin paradox , holds that as nations get richer they tend not to get happier, despite the fact that within a given society those with more money

7、 tend to be more satisfied.One reason for this may be that the pain of bad times greatly outweighs the gain from good ones. Just as studies show strong loss-aversion when it comes to individual incomes, the same applies to macroeconomic performance. Across advanced economies, estimates suggest it ta

8、kes between 2 percent and 6 percent of economic growth to compensate for the harm to personal well-being arising from a 1 percent fall in gross domestic product. As a result, over an economic cycle, nations may struggle to make much headway.ABC小贴士：Easterlin paradox伊斯特林悖论是由美国南加州大学经济学教授理查德伊斯特林(R.Easte

9、rlin)在1974年的著作经济增长可以在多大程度上提高人们的快乐中提出，即：通常在一个国家内，富人 报告的平均幸福和快乐水平高于穷人，但如果进行跨国比较，穷国的幸福水平与富国几乎一样高，其中美国居第一，古巴接近美国，居第二。词汇详解第一段词汇ABCConsider the good fortune of a country far richer than the UK. Its economy is more than 300 billion bigger and its workers are almost a quarter more productive than Britains,

10、enjoying wages that are typically 7,000 higher. Households are flush enough to spend thousands more on consumption , just as public services are far better resourced . This economy still faces deep challenges including entrenched inequality, regional imbalances and climate change but prosperity gene

11、rally makes life just that bit easier. consider /k ?n?s?d?(r)/vt.考虑；认为 e.g.She considered her options.她仔细考虑了自己的各种选择。take sth 。注：consider sth本义是考虑某事，常在外刊中引出具体例子。类似的表达还有 good fortune表示“好运”e.g.I have had the good fortune to work with some brilliant directors.我有幸与一些卓越的主管人员共事。拓展：stroke of luck / fortune

12、表示“意外的好运/运气”be on a lucky streak 表示“运气好的时候，手气正旺” 反义表达：be on a losing / unlucky streak 连续失败/运气不好 a quarter表示“四分之一” productive /pr ?d ?kt 2Vladj.能生产的；多产的e.g.It is a highly productive farming land.这是一片高产农田。 flush /fl ?/v.脸红，发红adj.暴富的，很有钱的，尤其是指短期的e.g.At that time, many developing countries were flush wi

13、th dollars earned from exports.在那时，许多发展中国家都通过出口赚到了大量美元。近义表达：well-off （adj.富裕的；处境好的）well-to-do （adj.小康的；富裕的） consumption lk ?n?s?mp ?nln.消费；消耗；e.g.He was advised to reduce his alcohol consumption.他被劝告减少饮酒。 resourced /ris ?:stladj.实力雄厚的；钱财充足的；资源充足的e.g.The school is very well resourced we have a langua

14、ge laboratory where we can use computers and videos.我们学校设施完备一一我们有一个语言实验室，可以使用计算机和录像设备。 deep /di 制adj.极度的，严重的e.g.Hes in deep trouble.他陷入极度困境之中。a deep economic recession严重的经济衰退 face sth表示“面对.问题”=be up against sthe.g.Teachers are up against some major problems these days.老师们最近面临着一些重大问题。 entrench /?n?tr

15、ent ?/v.使更加巩固，使根深蒂固，一般跟某种观念、习俗、权力，含有贬义。adj. entrenched 更为常见，是外刊的高频词，可理解为中文中的“根深蒂固的“ e.g.Sexism is deeply entrenched in our society.性别歧视在我们这个社会根深蒂固。 prosperity /pr ?sper ?ti/n.兴旺，繁荣”adj. prosperous繁荣的，兴旺的v. prosper 使昌盛；使繁荣e.g.The country is enjoying a period of peace and prosperity.国家正值国泰民安、繁荣昌盛的时期。A

16、BC第二段词汇ABCAs a dismal decade draws to a close , its worth conjuring up this counterfactual fact not to torment ourselves with what might have been, nor to relitigate the rights and wrongs of economic recession . Rather, it is a timely moment to ponder how we would feel if things had turned out diffe

17、rently: would richer have meant happier? dismal /?d?zm?l/adj.凄凉的，令人沮丧的，差劲的，不成功的e.g.Her scheme was a dismal failure.她的方案很差劲，彻底失败了。The singer gave a dismal performance of some old songs.那歌手唱了几首老歌，唱得不怎么样。 draw to a close/end表示“结束，终止”e.g.Lets draw the meeting to a close.会议到此结束吧。 conjure up表示“魔术般变出某物，使在脑

18、海中显现，想起” e.g.I cannot but conjure up the memories of the good old days.我不禁回忆起过去美好的日子。 counterfactual /?ka?nt?f?kt ?u?l/adj.虚拟的，反事实的e.g.Counterfactual statements are the basis of scientific thought and moral behavior.反事实表达是科学思考、道德行为的基础。注意：前缀counter-有两层含义：.表示“反对，对立“，例如：counter-terrorism 反恐；counter-arg

19、ument相对立的论点;.表示“相对，对应”，例如：counterpart对方职位相当的人 torment /t ?ment/v.使备受折磨，使痛苦e.g.He was tormented by feelings of insecurity.他备受没有安全感的折磨。litigate/?l?t?ge?t/v.提起诉讼，打官司adj. litigious好诉讼的，爱打官司的relitigate v.再次起诉economic recession表示“经济衰退”e.g.Jobs are extremely hard to get right now because of the global econ

20、omic recession.工作是非常难求，由于全球经济衰退现在。ponder / ?p?nd ?(r)/vt.仔细考虑；衡量e.g.She pondered over his words.她反复琢磨他的话。ABC第三段词汇ABCThis may sound like a stupid question to many . Walk across any town or city in the UK and the human cost of economic stagnation is clear. Yet the link between national prosperity and

21、personal well-being is complex. One of the most cited and controversial findings in modern social science, the so-called Easterlin paradox（伊斯特林悖论）,holds that as nationsget richer they tend not to get happier, despite the fact that within a given society those with more money tend to be more satisfie

22、d.many相当于 many people ,指许多人”。economic stagnation表示“经济停滞”e.g.In two decades of economic stagnation Japans leaders have repeatedly failed to rescue their countrys fortunes.面对近二十年的经济停滞，日本领导人一次又一次地试图振兴日本，却一次又一次地失败了。controversial / ?k?ntr ?v?l/adj.有争议的，有异议的e.g.Such investments are controversial because o

23、f their environmental impact.因为影响环境，这种投资是有争议的。第四段词汇ABCOne reason for this may be that the pain of bad times greatly outweighs the gain from good ones. Just as studies show strong loss- aversion when it comes to individual incomes, the same applies to macroeconomic performance. Across advanced econom

24、ies , estimates suggest it takes between 2 percent and 6 percent of economic growth to compensate for the harm to personal well-being arising from a 1 percent fall in gross domestic product. As a result, over an economic cycle, nations may struggle to make much headway . outweigh / ?a?t?we?/ v.重于，大于

25、 e.g.The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.利远大于弊。 aversion / ?v?n/n.厌恶，反感e.g.Many people have a natural and emotional aversion to insects.很多人生来讨厌昆虫。这里loss-aversion 指“厌恶损失的“。when it comes to sth表示“当.涉及到，当谈及到”，可用于引出或转移话题。e.g.When it comes to money, different people have different opinions.类似的表

26、达还有in terms of sth , with regards to sth, with respect to sth, as for sth, as to sth 。advanced economies表示“发达经济体”，可替换我们熟悉的developed countriescompensate for表示“赔偿，补偿”e.g.Nothing can compensate for the loss of ones health.一个人健康的丧失是无法补偿的。make headway表示“取得艰难而缓慢的发展”，一般以否定形式出现。e.g.They can rely on a huge h

27、ome market in which foreign rivals are unlikely to make much headway, not least because of regulation.它们可以依托庞大的国内市场，外国竞争对手在这里难有发展，尤其是在监管的影响下。写作推荐 句子分析ABC第一段例句ABCConsider the good fortune of a country far richer than the UK. Its economy is more than 300 billion bigger and its workers are almost a qua

28、rter more productive than Britains, enjoying wages that are typically 7,000higher. Households are flush enough to spend thousands more on consumption, just as public services are far better resourced. This economy still faces deep challenges including entrenched inequality, regional imbalances and c

29、limate change but prosperity generally makes life just that bit easier.分析：Its economy is more than 300 billion bigger and its workers are almost a quarter moreproductive than Britains, enjoying wages that are typically这包00飒h薪不复杂，由and连接的两个并列句，且后面有现在分词短语作后置定语，短语中又包含一个定语从句修饰先行词wages。值得注意的是：本句主干的两个并列句都使

30、用了省略的结构，第一个并列句完整的说应该是：Its economy is more than 300 billion bigger than Britainseconomy and its workers are almost a quarter more productive than Britains productivity.翻译：想想一个比英国富裕得多的国家的好运吧。经济规模高出逾 3000亿英镑，生产率比英国高出近四分之一，工资通常高出 7000英镑。家庭富足，可以在消费上多花几千英镑， 同时公共服务的资源也要充足得多。 这个经济体仍然面临着巨大的挑战一一包括根深蒂固的 不平等、地区

31、发展失衡和气候变化一一但繁荣通常让日子变得好过一点。ABC第二段例句ABCAs a dismal decade draws to a close, its worth conjuring up this counterfactual fact - not to torment ourselves with what might have been, nor to relitigate the rights and wrongs of economic recession. Rather, it is a timely moment to ponder how we would feel if

32、things had turned out differently: would richer have meant happier?分析： As a dismal decade draws to a close, its worth conjuring up this counterfactual fact 一 not to torment ourselves with what might have been, nor to relitigate the rights and wrongs of economic recession.本句是由as引导的时间状语从句，主句中使用了句型 it

33、is worth doing sth表示“做是值得的”，后面破折号的内容是对前面内容的补充解释及说明。翻译：随着一个糟糕的十年落下帷幕，值得想一想这种反事实场景一一不是为了用本来可能发生的事情来折磨我们自己， 也不是为了重新辩论经济紧缩的是是非非。 相反，现在是时候 思考这样一个问题：如果事情有所不同，我们会有什么样的感受？换句话说， 更富足意味着 更幸福吗？ABC第三段例句ABCThis may sound like a stupid question to many. Walk across any town or city in the UK and the human cost of

34、economic stagnation is clear. Yet the link between national prosperity and personal well-being is complex. One of the most cited and controversial findings in modern social science, the so-called Easterlin paradox, holds that as nations get richer they tend not to get happier, despite the fact that

35、within a given society those with more money tend to be more satisfied.分析：句中的despite sth / despite the fact that despite是一个表示“让步”的小词，简单易学非常好用，表示“即使，尽管”，是一个介词，后面跟 sth或者doing sth ,如果想跟句子，可以用句型despite the fact that. , that是the fact的同位语从句。例如： She wasgood at physics despite the fact that she found it bor

36、ing.尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。given 作形容词指 ”指定的， 特定的”, 例如： Over a given period, the value of shares will rise and fall.股票的价值在某一特定的时期内会有涨跌。翻译：对许多人来说，这个问题听起来可能有些愚蠢。在英国的任何城镇或城市走一走，经济停滞的人类成本都显而易见。 然而，国家繁荣和个人幸福之间的联系是复杂的。现代社会科学中被引用最多和争议最大的发现之一、所谓的伊斯特林悖论(Easterlin paradox)认为，随着国家变得越来越富裕， 人们往往不会变得更幸福， 尽管在一个给定的社会内部，

37、 有钱人往 往会更满意。第四段例句ABCOne reason for this may be that the pain of bad times greatly outweighs the gain from good ones. Just as studies show strong loss-aversion when it comes to individual incomes, the same applies to macroeconomic performance. Across advanced economies, estimates suggest it takes bet

38、ween 2 percent and 6 percent of economic growth to compensate for the harm to personal well-being arising from a 1 percent fall in gross domestic product. As a result, over an economic cycle, nations may struggle to make much headway.分析： Across advanced economies, estimates suggest it takes between

39、2 percent and 6 percent of economic growth to compensate for the harm to personal well-being arising from a 1 percent fall in gross domestic product.这句话中包含宾语从句，且宾语从句是由It takessth to do的结构构成的，后面的 arising from 是现在分词短语作后置定语。翻译：一个原因可能是低迷时期的痛苦远远超过景气时期的收益。正如研究表明，在个人收入方面，人们强烈厌恶损失，宏观经济表现同样如此。估算似乎表明，在发达经济体中，

40、要弥补国内生产总值(GDP)下降1%寸个人福祉造成的损害，需要经济增长 2丘6%这样的结 果是，在一个经济周期期间，各国可能难以取得进展。篇章回顾ABC看完了词汇和例句分析，现在在把原文看一遍吧！是不是好理解多了呢?ABC原版英文Money and HappinessConsider the good fortune of a country far richer than the UK. Its economy is more than 300 billion bigger and its workers are almost a quarter more productive than B

41、ritains, enjoying wages that are typically 7,000higher. Households are flush enough to spend thousands more on consumption, just as public services are far better resourced. This economy still faces deep challenges including entrenched inequality, regional imbalances and climate change but prosperit

42、y generally makes life just that bit easier.As a dismal decade draws to a close, its worth conjuring up this counterfactual fact - not to torment ourselves with what might have been, nor to relitigate the rights and wrongs of economic recession. Rather, it is a timely moment to ponder how we would f

43、eel if things had turned out differently: would richer have meant happier?This may sound like a stupid question to many. Walk across any town or city in the UK and the human cost of economic stagnation is clear. Yet the link between national prosperity and personal well-being is complex. One of the most cited and controversial findings in modern social science, the so-called Easterlin paradox, holds that as nations get richer they tend not to get happier, despite the fact that within a given society those with more money tend to be more satisfied.One reason for this may