高中英语-动名词与现在分词用法的区别必修4

1、页脚动词的Tng形式按功能可分为动名词和现在分词。动词的Tng形式何时为动名词，何时为现在分词。首先，我们 要从概念上区分。动词的Tng形式在起名词作用时，称为动名词；用作形容词或副词时，称为现在分词。其次，我们 要从用法方面区分动词的-ing形式是动名词还是现在分词。一、动词的Tng形式用作主语时为动名词，现在分词不可以用作主语。动名词用作主语.Reading French is easier than SPeaking it.阅读法文比讲法语容易。TaIking to him is talking to a wall.和他说话等于对牛弹琴。有时it作形式主语，把动名词主语放在句子后面Itf

2、 S nice Seeing you again再次见到你太好了。It WaS tiring driving from morning till night从早到晚开车很累人。There is + no”后可以用动名词作主语There WaS no knowing What he COUld do.他能做什么很难说。There WaS no arguing With her.没法和她争论。二、动词的-ing形式用作宾语时为动名词，现在分词不可以用作宾语。有许多动词可接动名词作宾语I SUggeSted bringing the meeting to an end. 我建议结束会议。SO you

3、 Prefer 1 iving abroad?这样说你更愿意住在国外？有许多带介词的动词固定搭配接动名词作宾语He has given UP Playing football.他现在不踢足球了。PriCeS keep On increasing.价格不断上涨。三、当动词的Tng形式用作状语时为现在分词，动名词不可以用作状语。现在分词及其短语可以用作状语，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。其动作可能发生在谓 语之前或之后，也可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生。Climbing to the top Of the tower, We SaW a magnificent View.我们爬

4、到塔顶后，看到了一片壮丽的景象。（表时间）LiVing in the COUntryt We had few SOCiaI engagements我们住在乡下，交际的机会很少。（表原因）HaVing money, he WilI buy a bigger Car（表条件）KnOWing the secret, She WOUld not tell me about it.（表让步）The Child fell, Striking his head against the door and CUtting it.那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上碰破了.（表结果）He StOOd Ieaning agai

5、nst the wall.他靠墙站着.（表方式或伴随情况）四、动名词与现在分词都可以用作表语，当动词的-ing的作用相当于名词时为动名词。当动词的-ing的作用相当于形 容词时，动词的-ing为现在分词。动名词用作表语Her hobby is Painting.她的爱好是绘画。Her JOb WaS tending the sheep.她的工作是放羊。现在分词用作表语The news is encouraging这消息令人鼓舞。ThLS StOry is Very interesting.这个故事很有趣。五、动名词与现在分词都可以用作定语现在分词表示其所修饰的名词的动作，即：现在分词与其所修饰

6、的名词在逻辑上具有主谓关系。通常能改为一个定 语从句。动名词则表示其修饰的名词的性质，或用途或功能.两者在逻辑上无主谓关系。因此，只能改为一个for加 动名词的短语。动名词作定语，动名词表性质或用途或功能。SWimming POOI 游泳池 drinking Water 饮用水 SWimming SUit 游泳衣 Waiting room 候车 SleePing bag 睡 袋 Parking IOt 停车场 SIeePing Pi 11 安眠药 Writing desk 写字桌 SeWing machine 缝纫机 Writing PaPer 信纸 OPerating table 手术室 C

7、heCking account 活期账 CILVing SUit 潜水衣 reading room 阅览室 diving board 跳板 Playing ground 运动场 WaShing machine 洗衣机 boxing CO 叩 etit io n 拳击比 W WaShing POWder 诜 衣粉 SPeaking COnteSt 演讲比赛 fishing POIe 钓鱼杆 fishing 1 ine 钓鱼线现在分词作定语developing COUntrieS发展中国家a booming town日渐繁荣的城镇RrOWing doubts越!来越大的怀疑the existing

8、 COnditiOn 现有条件 the remaining days 剩下的岁月 IaSting PeaCe 持久的和平 a falling Star 流 星 the Ieading newspapers 主要报纸 the ruling CIaSS 统治阶级 IiVing things 有生命的东西 the ageing POPUlatiOn 老化的人口 the rising generation 成长的一代六、动名词与现在分词都可以用作补语，但现在分词用作宾语补语时，与前面的宾语构成复合宾语。具有这种复合宾语的动词多为表示感觉的动词，如：smell, observe, watch, noti

9、ce, IOOk at, IiSten to等。 另外，有些使役动词如have, set, get, catch, keep, IeaVe等可以后面接含有现在分词的复合宾语。还有，作为宾 语补语的现在分词有时前面可有as,前面的动词多用regard, COnSidert describe, see, think Of等。现在分词用 作主语补语，多用在被动结构中，与主语构成复合主语。而动名词作补语对相应的动词却没这些规定。动名词用作补语I CalI this robbing Peter to Pay Paul.我管这叫做拆东墙补西墙。（robbing是宾语补语）ThiS is CalIed tu

10、rning things UPSide down.这叫做把事物颠倒了。（turning 是主语补语）现在分词用作补语We found him Waiting to receive us.我们发现他等着欢迎我们。We kept the fire burning all the time.我们使火一直燃烧着。现在分词和动名词练习(I)现在分词The Old farmer,the badly-injured and WOUnded SOIdiert Canle OUt Of theburning house, _ for helpSUPPOrting； CaIIing B. SUPPOrted by

11、； CalledC. being SUPPOrted by； CalledD. being SUPPOrting； CalIed Oh. it S already a quarter PaSt SiX What ShalI We do at the meeting this evening? We, 11 go On With the matter_ this afternoOrLbe discussedB. being discussing C. CIiSCUSSedD WhiCh discussedThe brave man died, his young Wife nothing but

12、 a COttageleft； breakingB. leaving； brokenC. left； brokenD to leave； breakinghard before, TOm is afraid Of fai1ing in the examHaving been WOrkedB. NOt to have WOrkedC. Having never WOrkedD. NeVer have WOrked5.the exam, the boy WaS PUniSheel by his father.A. NO PaSSingHaving PaSSedC. NOt PaSSingD. NO

13、thaving PaSSed6. Timecan have done it better.A. Permit B.be Permitted C. PermittingD. to Permit7.t the boy COUldn, t enter his house.8.A. SinCe the key has IOStC. LOSt the keyB.D. HaVing IOStinto many languages, the StOry is WellThethekey been IOStkeyknown al 1 OVer the WOrICl now.Being transWtedHaV

14、ing translatedC. TO be translatedD. HaVing been translated9.for the terrible accident, as the PUbliC thought, the mayor felt nervous andWaS at a IOSS What to do.HaVing blamed B. TO blame C. Being to be blame D. Being to blamefrom heart trouble for years, PrOfeSSOr White has to take SOme medicineWith

15、 him WhereVer he goesA. SUffered B. TO SUffer C. HaVing SUffered D. Being SUfferedfrom What he said, he must be the thief WhO has StOIen the CarA. JUdging B. JUdged C. TO judge D JUdgeWith fright, a hungry fox hid himself in a SmaI1 CaVef his tai 1 tothe rai n.A. Trembling； exposingB. Trembled； expo

16、sedTrembled； exposingD TrembIing； exposedMany teachers Were PraiSed at the meeting, Mr ZhOU.A. including B. being including C. to include D included14WhO Were those PeOPle With the flags? groupitself the LeagUe Of PeaCeA. CallS B. Calling C. CalIed D. being CaIIedyou the truth, She knows nothing abo

17、ut it.A. TelI B. TelIing C. To tell D. TOIdWe SlePt With the Iight all night IOng IaSt nightA. burnt B. to burn C. being burnt D. burningLinda can t attend the Partyat Tom, S house at PreSent because She isPreParing a SPeeCh for the Party at Mariet S house tomorrowA. being held； to be heldB. to be h

18、eld； heldheld； being heldD. to be held； to be heldThe SitUatiOn is more than ever I In about What to do nextA. puzzled； PUZZled B. PUZZling； PUZZlingC. PUZZling； PUZZled D. puzzled； PUZZlingWhenthat it WaS getting late, I PUt Off the 1ight and Went to bedA. find B. finding C. found D. to findher mot

19、her had Comet her face Iit up.A. Hearing B. Having heardC. When hearing D When She heardDaddy didn t mind What We Were doing, as IOng as We Were together.fun.A. hadB. haveC. to have D havingDOnF t IeaVe the WaterWhi1e you brush your teethA. runB. running C. being runD. to run23. The PiCtUreOn the Wa

20、l1 is painted by my nephew.A.having hungB.hangingC. hangsD. being hungWith all that noise24. I COUld t do my homework25.A. going Onfromanimals notB.Otherfoundgoes OnC. went Orl D to go OnCOntinents for millions Of years, Australia has many PlantS andin any Other CoUntry in the world.A. Being SeParat

21、edHaving SeParatedC. HaVing been SeParatedD. TO be SeParatedin the kitchen.26. A COOk WiII be immediately fired if he is foundA. SmOke B.SmOking C. to SmOke D. SmOked27. He Sent me anEmailtto get furtherinf Onnati on.A. hopedB. hop ing C. to hopeD. hopekey： 1-5.ACBCD6-10 CDDDC11-15 AADBC16-20DACBD21

22、-27 DBBACBB(2)动名词1. No Oneenjoysat.D. to be IaUghedA. IoiJghingB. to IaUgh C. being IaUghed 2. YOU must do SOnIething to PreVent your houseA. to be broken in B. from being broken inC. to break in D. from breaking inThey insisted Onanother ChanCe to try.A. given B. giving C. being given D. to be give

23、nit here.Wrhere is my passport? I rememberYOU ShOUldnt haveIeft it here Rememberit With you al 1 the time.A. to put； to takePUtting :takingPUtti；to taketo PUt :takingHiS room needst SO he must have itA. Painting； Painted B. painted； PaintingPainting； Painting D. painted； painteda Ietter to his paren

24、ts.After finishing his homework he Went OnA. WriteB. writingC. WrOte D. to WriteWith great care.The young trees We PIanted IaSt Week requireA. IOOking after B. to IOOk afterC. to be IOOked after D. taken good Care Of8. OnlyEngliSh doesnt meanthe language.A.to learn； to Iearnlearning； Iearninglearnin

25、g about； Iearnlearning about； IearningShe returned home OnIy tofind the door OPen and SOmethingA. missed B. to be missingC. missing D. to be missedShe decided to devote herselfthe PrObIem Of Old age.A. to StUclyB. StUdyingC.to StUdyingD. StUdy11. Rememberthe newspaper When you have finished it.A. PU

26、tting back B.PUt backC. to PUt back D. be PUt back12. AS She is IOOking forwardfrom me, PIeaSe rememberthis letterOn your Way to school.A.hear； POSt B.hearing；C.be heard； POSting D. be hearing； to POStingGrandma Said that She had a IOt Of troubleyour handwritingA. to read B. to See C. readingC. in S

27、eeingWriting StOrieS and articlesWhat I enjoy mostA. is B. are C. WaS D. WereWe appreciateUS to the bal 1.A. them to invite B. to invite C. their InViting D. being invited16. WOUld you mindquiet for a moment? m tryinga form.A. keeping； filling OUtto keep； to fi 11 OUtkeeping； to fi11 OUtto keep； fil

28、ling OUtHe WaS afraidfor being IateA. of SeeingB. of being Seen C. to be Seen D. to have SeenId Iike to SUggeStthe meeting till next WeekA. to PUt Off B. PUtting Off C. PUt Off D. to be PUt OffI do,t See how I COUld POSSibIy managethe WOrk WithOUtA. finish； helpingB. to finish； being helpedC. finish

29、ing； helpingD. finishing； being helped20. Anything WOrthis WOrthy OfWelLB. doing； doingA.doing； being doneC. to be done； to be doneD to be done； being doneWe advised them to take a rest, but they insistedthe WOrkA. finish B. to finish C. in finishing Don finishingI delayedyour Ietter because I had been away for a WeekA. anSWerB. answering C.Writing D. to POStThe thief drove as fast