罗宾斯管理学11版小结

1、一 What Is Social Responsibility?Two Views of Social ResponsibilityThe Classical View Management s only social responsibility is to maximize profits （create a financial return） by operating the business in the best interests of the stockholders （owners of the corporation）.管理的唯一的社会责任是经营业务的股东（公司的所有者）的最

2、佳利益，以最大限度地利润（创造一个财务回报） 。The Socioeconomic View Management s social responsibility goes beyond making profits to include protecting and improving society s welfare.管理的社会责任是超越禾U润，包括保护 和改善社会的福利。LesserSocial ResponsibilityGreaterSlag4 1Stag 2Stage 3Stage 4Owners andEmployees Constituents in the BroaderM

3、anagementSpecific Environment SocietyCari ng forstockholdersinterests onlyWorkingconditions,righto, jobsecurity etcOther stakeholders,including fairprices, high-qualityproducts andscMcesView theirbusiness as publicentity to promotesocial justice,preserveenvironmentFrom Obligation to Responsiveness t

4、o ResponsibilitySocial Obligation （社会契约 /社会义务）：The obligation of a business to meet its economic and legal responsibilities and nothing more.一个企业的义务，以满足其经济和法律责任，并没有更多的。Social Responsiveness （社会响应）： When a firm engages in social actions in response to some popular social need.当一个企业在社会行动中从事一些社会的需求。Soc

5、ial Responsibility （社会责任）：A business s intention, beyond its legal and economic obligations, to do the right things and act in ways that are good for society.个企业的意图，超越它的法律和经济责任，做正确的事情，并采取行动的方式，对社会有益。SociaiSocial ResponsisgsM eflriand short tenviMajor comzideratiovittkicofFogEm也E 呻k如 isObligationDeci

6、sion frameworkLong tstmShould Organizations be Socially InvolvedPublic expectationsLong-run profitsEthical obligationPublic imageBetter environmentDiscouragement of further governmental regulationBalance of responsibiity and powerStockhokler interestsPossession of resourcesSuperiority of prevention

7、overAgainstViolation of profit maximiza6onDilution of purpose .（廨） 嬲眦Costsloo much powerLack of skillsLack of accountability糠任cure预防胜于治理Green Management and SustainabilityGlobal environmental problems facing managers: 管理者面临的全球环境问题:Air, water, and soil pollution from toxic wastesGlobal warming from g

8、reenhouse gas emissionsNatural resource depletion 自然资源的枯竭Green management actions 绿色管理行为Plastic shopping bag problem 塑料购物袋问题有毒废物的空气、水和土壤污染温室气体排放的全球变暖How Organizations Go Green补充： Green Management: A form of management in which managers consider the impact of their organization on the natural environ

9、ment 管理者的一种管理方式， 管理者认为他们的组 织对自然环境的影响Legal （or Light Green） Approac酷律（或浅绿色） 的方法:Firms simply do what is legally required by obeying laws, rules, and regulations willingly and without legal challenge. 只做企业遵 守法律，法律规定的规则，并愿意和没有挑战法律法规。Market Approach 市场方法：Firms respond to the preferences of their custome

10、rs for environmentally friendly products.公司对他们的客户的喜好，为环保产品。（D Stakeholder Approach 禾 U益的方法： Firms work to meet the environmental demands of multiple stakeholders - employees, suppliers, and the community. 公司工作来满足多个禾U益相 关者一一员工、环境需求的供应商，和社区。Activist Approach （dark green维权方式（深绿色）：Firms look for ways to

11、 respect andpreserve environment and be actively socially responsible. 公司寻求尊重和保护环境，积极承担 社会责任的方式。LowEnvironmental SensitivityHighLegalApproachLight GreenMarketApproachStakeholderApproachActivistApproach(Dark Greeny2 Evaluating the Greening of ManagementOrganizations become “greener” byUsing the Susta

12、inability Reporting Guidelines to document “green“ actions.使用可持 续性报告准则来记录“绿色”行动。Global reporting initiative 全球报告倡议Adopting ISO 14001 standards for environmental management 采用国际标准化组织 14001标准进行环境管理Being named as one of the 100 Most Sustainable Corporations in the World 被命名为 100 个最可持续的公司在世界上。.三 Manager

13、s and Ethical BehaviorEthicsDefinedPrinciples, values, and beliefs that define what is right and wrong behavior. 定义什么是正确 的行为的原则，价值观和信念。Cases of unethical managers：WalMartEnronGSK(GlaxoSmithKline )Huang Guangyu 国美电器Fund Managers and list company managers manipulate stock pricesA Case of GSK葛兰素史克Facto

14、rs that Affect Employee EthicsStage of Moral Development 道德发展阶段A measure of independence from outside influences 从夕卜部影响衡量独立性Levels of Individual Moral Development 个体道德发展水平Preconventional level惯常以前水平Conventional level 惯常水平Principled level 原则水平Stage of moral development interacts with: 道德发展阶段与：Individ

15、ual characteristics 个体特征The organization s structural design 组织结构设计The organization s culture 组织文化The intensity of the ethical issue 伦理问题的强度EthicalDilemmaStage of MoralDevelopmentLevelConventionalPreconventionalDescription ofPrincipled6. Following self-chosen ihical principles even if they violate t

16、he law5. Valuing rights of others and upholding absolute values and rights regardless ot the majoritys opinion4. Maintaining conventmnal order by fulfilling obligations to which you have agreed3. Living up to what is expected by people close to you2. Following rules only when doing so is in your imm

17、ediate interest 1. Sticking to rules to avoid physical punishment（2）Individual Characteristics Affecting Ethical Behaviors 个体特征影响道德行为Ego strength （自我强度）：A personality measure of the strength of a person s convictions 衡量个人自信心强度的尺度Locus of Control （控制点）： A personality attribute that measures the degre

18、e to which people believe they control their own life.- Internal locus （内控）:the belief that you control your destiny.你控制自己命运的信念。 External locus （夕卜控）:the belief that what happens to you is due to luck or chance. 相信 你会发生什么，是由于运气或机会。 Structural Variables 结构变量Organizational characteristics and mechanis

19、ms that guide and influence individual ethics 弓 I 导和影响个体伦理的组织特征与机制：Performance appraisal systems 绩效考核系统Reward allocation systems 奖金分配制度Behaviors （ethical） of managers 管理者的行为（伦理）An Organization; s Culture 一个组织的文化：An company with culture of High in risk tolerance, control, and conflict tolerance mostl

20、y likely encourage high ethical standards 一个高风险的公司，在风险承受能力， 控制和冲突的容忍度，大多有可能鼓励高道德标准 Values-Based Management基于价值观的管理：A form of management in which an organization s values guide employees in the way they do their jobs.组织的价值观指导员工在他们的工作方式中的一种管理形式。 Intensity of the Ethical Issue 伦理问题的强度2 Ethics in an Int

21、ernational Context 国际语境中的伦理Ethical standards are not universalSocial and cultural differences determine acceptable behaviors.社会和文化差异决定可以 接受的行为。Mexico vs USForeign Corrupt Practices Act 外国腐败行为法Makes it illegal to corrupt a foreign official yet “token“ payments to officials are permissible when doing

22、so is an accepted practice in that country. 使它不合法的腐败个夕卜国 官员，但“令牌”付款给官员是允许的，当这样做是一个公认的做法，在该国。The Global Compact 1999 全球契约四 Encouraging Ethical Behavio鼓励道德行为Employee selection 员工的选择Codes of ethics and decision rules 道德规范与决策规则Top management s Leadership 高层管理者的领导Job goals and performance appraisal 工作目标和绩效考核Ethics training职业道德培训Independent social audits 独立的社会审计Formal protective mechanism.形式保护机制。五 Social Responsibility and Ethics Issues In Todays World 当今世界的社会责任和伦理问题Managing Ethical Lapses and Social Irresponsibility 理道德沦丧和社会不负责任Ethical lead