UnitGlobalWarmingUsingLanguage

1、Unit 4 Global WarmingPeriod 4 Using Language Have you ever seen the films above? What kind of disasters have you seen in the film? What have you learnt from the film?海啸海啸Tsunami 龙卷风龙卷风(Tornado) 雪灾雪灾snow disaster 洪灾洪灾Flood What can we do about global warming?Pre-readingFind out the following phrases

2、in the text and underline them :1.代表一方2.对不起作用3.对某事产生影响4.容忍;忍受5.只要 on behalf ofhave little effect onmake a differenceput up withso long as Skim the letters, and answer the questions below:1. Who are the writers of these two letters?2. What is the purpose of writing the letters?3. Does Earth Care agre

3、e that individuals can have no effect?Skimming1. Who are the writers of these two letters?Ouyang Guang and Earth Care.2. What is the purpose of writing the letters?Getting and giving some suggestions.3. Does Earth Care agree that individuals can have no effect?No, Earth Care dose not agree.SkimmingR

4、ead the text carefully and fill in the blanks.What can we do about global warming? Turn a(n) _ off when youre not using it. Put on more clothes instead of turning up the _. Walk or _ instead of taking motor vehicles. electrical applianceheatride a bikeScanningu _ cans, bottles, plastics and newspape

5、rs.u Buy things made from _. u Buy products that are economical with _.u _ in your garden or your school yard. u Talk with your family and friends about _.Recyclerecycled materialsenergyPlant treesglobal warmingEarth Cares suggestionsCan you carry it out?ReasonsList Earth Cares suggestions and then

6、in groups, discuss whether you think you can carry out each suggestion. Turn electrical appliances off when not using.YesSave energyIntensive readingYesSave energyYesSave energyYesSave energyDont turn up the heat, put on more clothes.Walk or ride a bike, dont drive.Recycle cans, bottles, plastics an

7、d newspapers.Buy things made from recycled materials.YesSave energyYesSave energyYesTrees absorb carbon dioxide from the air.Plant trees.Buy products that use less energy.Talk with family and friends about global warming.YesTogether, individuals can make a difference. 1. Which is not the reason why

8、Ouyang Guang writes the letter? A. He is doing a project on global warming. B. He feels individuals can affect huge environmental problems. C. He isnt sure where to start with his project. D. He wants to get some suggestions from Earth Care.Comprehending2. The most important suggestion is _. A. Plan

9、t trees as many as possible. B. Turn off all electrical appliances when necessary. C. Talk with the people and get them understood about the global warming. D. Recycle all the recycled materials.细节理解细节理解3. Which of the following statements is False? A. We should reduce the use of plastic bags whenev

10、er possible. B. We should walk or ride a bike if we can. C. Put on more clothes instead of turning up the heat in winter. D. Get your parents to buy things that use much energy.逻辑推理逻辑推理4. “Remember - your contribution counts.” Here “counts” means _. A. to say or name the number in order B. to consid

11、er or regard sth. or sb. C. to say or name the objects one by one D. to have value, force or importance词义猜测词义猜测 Seconds count in an emergency.5. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Ouyang Guang is doing a project about global warming. B. Individuals have much effect on environmental problems

12、. C. Earth Care helps Ouyang Guang with the project about global warming. D. There are some suggestions on how to improve our environment.主旨大意主旨大意1. If she could _ (忍受那里的条件忍受那里的条件), we would take her with us.2. I dont mind your knowing it _ (只要事情不进一只要事情不进一步发展步发展).3. If you want to save energy, youd

13、better not use the air conditioner, the heater _ (等等等等) when it is not necessary.4. I realized that she was right and it _ (有影响有影响).put up with the conditions thereso long as it goes no furtherand so onmade a differenceBlank Filling1. -I will not come here tomorrow. - _ to me, because I dont care. A

14、. It doesnt make any difference B. It makes much difference C. It doesnt make no difference D. It makes a differenceA Multiple Choices2. You can go out, _ you promiseto be back before 11 oclock. A. as far as B. so far as C. when D. as / so long as3. She will have to find some other work for she cant

15、 _ this loud noise any more.A. come up with B. keep up with C. grow up with D. put up withDD4. _the department I would like to thank you all. A. Instead of B. In spite of C. On behalf of D. Due to5. He made a great _ to the success of the project. A. progress B. effect C. contribution D. attitudeCCW

16、riting:Work in pairs and make a poster for your school that tells students various ways they can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. Underline the most important parts of earth cares suggestions. List the ways to reduce carbon dioxide in the air. Use imperative sentences(祈使句祈使句) in your

17、poster. Give your poster a large heading. Make a slogan at the end like the one at the end of the letter from Earth Care.The steps to write the poster: Sample posterFight global warmingCut down on energy. Cut down on carbon dioxide.l If not using an electrical item, turn it off.l If you suddenly fee

18、l cold, dont turn the heat up, put on a jacket instead.l Walk or ride a bike and save fossil fuels.l Recycle paper, cardboard and newspapers.l Buy products made from recycled materials.l Buy energy-saving products like low energy l light bulbs.l Plant trees to absorb CO2.l Tell your friends about gl

19、obal warming. Every effort counts!Help me, help you, help everyone.Return GREEN to the earth!1. on the whole(=in general)大体上；基本上大体上；基本上【原句原句】On the whole the warming of the earth is a phenomenon that causes great concern. (P28)总的来说，地球变暖是个引起广泛关注的现象。总的来说，地球变暖是个引起广泛关注的现象。 On the whole , life was much q

20、uieter after John left. 总的来说，自从约翰离开之后，生活变得平静多总的来说，自从约翰离开之后，生活变得平静多了。了。 The Shanghai World Expo was great for our country as a whole. 上海世博会对我们整个国家来说意义重大。上海世博会对我们整个国家来说意义重大。 Sometimes Jack was late for his class, but _ he is a satisfactory student. A. on the other hand B. on the wholeC. so far D. firs

21、t of all【解析解析】选选B。句意：杰克有时上学会迟到，但从总。句意：杰克有时上学会迟到，但从总体上来说，他是一个令人满意的学生。体上来说，他是一个令人满意的学生。on the other hand“另一方面另一方面”；on the whole“大体上；基本上大体上；基本上”；so far“到目前为止到目前为止”；first of all“首先首先”。2. on behalf of 代表代表一方；作为一方；作为的代言人的代言人; 为了帮助为了帮助(某人某人)；为了；为了(某人某人)【原句原句】I am doing a project on behalf of my school abou

22、t global warming. (P30)我正代表学校做一个关于全球变暖的课题研究。我正代表学校做一个关于全球变暖的课题研究。Please accept my apology on behalf of the hotel. 请接受我代表酒店向您道歉。请接受我代表酒店向您道歉。Dont trouble to do it on my behalf. 不要为了我去麻烦了。不要为了我去麻烦了。 World champion Fu Haifeng took an oath _ all athletes taking part in the Guangzhou Asian Games at the o

23、pening ceremony. A. in honor of B. on behalf ofC. as a result of D. in case of【解析解析】选选B。句意：世界冠军付海峰在广州亚运会。句意：世界冠军付海峰在广州亚运会开幕式上代表全体运动员宣誓。开幕式上代表全体运动员宣誓。on behalf of 代表；代表； in honour of为纪念；为纪念；as a result of由于；由于； in case of以防。以防。 用法归纳: on behalf of sb. as the representative of on sb.s behalf联想拓展: repre

24、sent 代表代表 (多指实体代表多指实体代表) stand for 象征，代表象征，代表 (多指抽象代表多指抽象代表) representative n. 代表代表e.g.: Mary is a workers representative on the Board. 玛丽是理事会的工人代表。玛丽是理事会的工人代表。3. advocate vt. 拥护；提倡；主张拥护；提倡；主张【原句原句】However, I still think people should advocate improvements in the way we use energy today. (P30)然而，我仍认

25、为人们应该提倡低碳生活。然而，我仍认为人们应该提倡低碳生活。 The group does not advocate the use of violence. 该团体不支持使用暴力。该团体不支持使用暴力。 Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour. 很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。 Many people advocate that more hospitals should be built in this area. 许多人主张在这个地区增设医院。许多人主张在这个地

26、区增设医院。 思考并总结后跟思考并总结后跟that宾语从句时，从句需用虚宾语从句时，从句需用虚拟语气拟语气(即即 should +do)的动词还有哪些？的动词还有哪些？【思考提示思考提示】常见常用的动词有：常见常用的动词有：insist(坚持要求坚持要求)；order，command；suggest(建议建议)，advise，propose，recommend(建议建议)；demand，desire，require，request等。等。 The report advocated that all buildings _ with smoke alarms. A. fit B. would b

27、e fittedC. be fitted D. must be fitted【解析解析】选选C。句意：报告主张所有的建筑物都应。句意：报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟雾报警器。安装烟雾报警器。advocate后接后接that宾语从句时，谓宾语从句时，谓语动词用语动词用should+do, should可省。此处可省。此处fit意为意为“安安装装”，是及物动词，应用被动形式。，是及物动词，应用被动形式。4. put up with 忍受；容忍忍受；容忍【原句原句】We do not have to put up with pollution. (P30) 我们不必去忍受污染。我们不必去忍受污染。

28、How has Jane put up with him for so long? 简怎么能容忍他那么久？简怎么能容忍他那么久？ I will not put up with your bad behaviour any longer! 我再也不容忍你的恶劣行径了！我再也不容忍你的恶劣行径了！表忍受的短语表忍受的短语：stand, endure, tolerate, bear拓展：拓展：put aside 节省，储蓄，储存节省，储蓄，储存put down 写下，记下；击败，平定写下，记下；击败，平定put forward 提出建议；把提出建议；把向前拨向前拨put off 延期，推迟延期，推迟

29、put on 穿上，戴上；演出穿上，戴上；演出put out 熄灭，扑灭熄灭，扑灭put through 接通电话接通电话put back 放回原处放回原处; 拖延拖延 ;拨回；阻止拨回；阻止put up 举起举起; 张开张开(伞伞); 张贴张贴(1)I_ (不能再忍受你这种无礼的态度了不能再忍受你这种无礼的态度了)；leave the room，please.(2)We are trying to_(每月存些钱每月存些钱) for our vacation.(3)Ill just _ (记下你的记下你的电话号码电话号码)in my notebook.(4)One moment please，

30、Im just trying to _ (给你接通电话给你接通电话)cant put up with your rudeness any moreput aside some money every monthput your phone number downput you through I can _ the house being untidy，but I hate it if its not clean. 2011全国卷全国卷, 26A. come up with B. put up withC. turn to D. stick to【解析解析】选选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我能

31、忍受。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我能忍受房子不整洁，但如果不干净的话，我就不喜欢。房子不整洁，但如果不干净的话，我就不喜欢。come up with想出，提出；想出，提出；put up with忍受；忍受；turn to转向，求助于；转向，求助于；stick to坚持。坚持。5. so long as =as long as (P30) “只要只要” 引导条件状语从句引导条件状语从句 You will succeed so long as you dont give up. 只要不放弃，你一定会成功的。只要不放弃，你一定会成功的。 You may borrow the book as/so lo

32、ng as you promise to give it back. 只要你承诺还，你就可以借这本书。只要你承诺还，你就可以借这本书。 This rope is as long as 40 metres. 这根绳长达这根绳长达40米。米。 Our holiday cost a lot of money. Did it? Well, that doesnt matter _ you enjoy yourselves. 2010江西江西, 22A. as long as B. unlessC. as soon as D. though【解析解析】选选A。考查连词辨析。句意：。考查连词辨析。句意：我

33、们度假我们度假花了很多钱。花了很多钱。是吗？嗯，只要你们玩得开心，那是吗？嗯，只要你们玩得开心，那(花很多钱花很多钱)也没什么关系。也没什么关系。as long as只要，符合句意。只要，符合句意。unless除非，除非，as soon as一一就就，though虽然。虽然。As/so long as 用作连词，意思是用作连词，意思是“只要，如果只要，如果”，等于，等于on condition that，provided (that)，providing (that)，if，only if。only if 用于句首，后接从句主谓倒装。用于句首，后接从句主谓倒装。if only 表示表示“要是要

34、是该多好该多好”，句子用虚拟语气。，句子用虚拟语气。as long as 有时表示有时表示 “像像那么久那么久”，“与与一样一样长长”as long as 常用于肯定句，也可用于否定句常用于肯定句，也可用于否定句;so long as 一般只用于否定句中一般只用于否定句中.e.g.: My ruler isnt as /so long as yours. 完成句子完成句子(1)_(只要你高兴只要你高兴)，it doesnt matter what you do.(2)I dont mind Guy coming with us，_ (只要他自付餐费只要他自付餐费)(3)要是他在这就好了！要是他

35、在这就好了！(汉译英汉译英) _As long as you are happyprovided he pays for his own mealIf only he were here!6. circumstance n. (多用复数多用复数)环境，情况环境，情况【原句原句】Recycle cans，bottles，plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to. (P30)如果情况允许的话，将罐头盒、瓶子、塑料袋和如果情况允许的话，将罐头盒、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。报纸回收利用起来。 Due to circumst

36、ances beyond our control，the lecture was cancelled. 由于我们无法控制的情况，讲座被取消了。由于我们无法控制的情况，讲座被取消了。 Its the best result that could be expected under the circumstances. 在这种情况下，别指望比这更好的结果了。在这种情况下，别指望比这更好的结果了。 Under no circumstances will her parents allow her to marry such a selfish man. 无论如何她的父母都不会让她跟这样自私的人结婚。

37、无论如何她的父母都不会让她跟这样自私的人结婚。 Under no circumstances _ him any money; he always borrows money from others but never pays it back. A. you should lend B. you will lendC. should you lend D. will you lend【解析解析】选选C。句意：你无论如何都不该把钱借给他。句意：你无论如何都不该把钱借给他; 他老是借钱，但从不还钱。他老是借钱，但从不还钱。under no circumstances置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。置

38、于句首时，句子用部分倒装。should“应该应该”，符，符合句意。合句意。7. refresh vt. 使恢复；使振作使恢复；使振作【原句原句】Plant trees in your garden or your school yard，as they absorb carbon dioxide from the air and refresh your spirit when you look at them. (P30)在你的花园或校园里栽树，因为它们能吸收空气中的在你的花园或校园里栽树，因为它们能吸收空气中的二氧化碳，还能在你观赏时使你感到清爽。二氧化碳，还能在你观赏时使你感到清爽。 H

39、e refreshed himself with a glass of beer. 他喝了杯啤酒提提神。他喝了杯啤酒提提神。 A shower will refresh you. 洗个淋浴会使你凉快些。洗个淋浴会使你凉快些。 I looked at the map to refresh my memory of the route. 我看地图以唤起自己对这条路线的记忆。我看地图以唤起自己对这条路线的记忆。 Some students often listen to music between classes to _ themselves. A. refresh B. recover C. c

40、over D. remind【解析解析】选选A。句意：为振作一下精神，有些同学经。句意：为振作一下精神，有些同学经常在课间听音乐。常在课间听音乐。refresh oneself振作精神，提神。振作精神，提神。故选故选A。8. contribution n. C贡献；捐款贡献；捐款【原句原句】Rememberyour contribution counts! (P30)记住记住你的贡献很有价值！你的贡献很有价值！ make a contribution to / make contributions to 对有贡献 Would you like to make a contribution to

41、 charity? 你愿给慈善事业捐款吗？你愿给慈善事业捐款吗？ Day centers for the old make a valuable contribution to the overall service. 照顾老人的日托中心为整个服照顾老人的日托中心为整个服务事业做出了可贵的贡献。务事业做出了可贵的贡献。二氧化碳是促进全球升温的原因。二氧化碳是促进全球升温的原因。Carbon dioxide is a contributor to global warming.Carbon dioxide contributes to global warming. Carelessness i

42、s said _ to his failure. A. to contribute B. contributingC. to have contributed D. to be contributed【解析解析】选选C。句意：据说粗心是他失败的原因之一。句意：据说粗心是他失败的原因之一。contribute to “是是的原因之一，的原因之一，”发生在谓语动发生在谓语动词之前，因此用完成形式。词之前，因此用完成形式。9. count 计算；计算计算；计算.在内；包含；含有在内；包含；含有 count on/upon 指望指望，依赖，仰望，依赖，仰望 count out 不算在内，除外不算在内，

43、除外 count in 算算在内，考虑在内，包含在内，考虑在内，包含 count down （火箭发射等）倒计时（火箭发射等）倒计时Can I count on you to help me?Count me out.If you go to Beijing for a trip, please count me in .10. existence n. U存在；生存存在；生存【原句原句】Low-lying countries feel their very existence is in danger from rising sea levels. (P29)位于低地的国家感到他们的生存面临

44、来自海平面不位于低地的国家感到他们的生存面临来自海平面不断上升的危险。断上升的危险。 This is the oldest vase in existence. 这是现存的最古老的花瓶。这是现存的最古老的花瓶。 Pakistan came into existence as an independent country after the war. 巴基斯坦在战后就作为一个独立国家存在了。巴基斯坦在战后就作为一个独立国家存在了。 The union exists to promote your interests. 工会存在的目的是为了维护大家的利益。工会存在的目的是为了维护大家的利益。 完成

45、句子完成句子This is the only copy of the book that is still in existence (存在存在). The existing system (现行的制度现行的制度)needs to be changed. 1. As Im not sure where to start with my project，I would appreciate any suggestions you may have. (P30)因为我还不清楚我该从哪里着手开始我的研究，我因为我还不清楚我该从哪里着手开始我的研究，我会感激你们的任何建议。会感激你们的任何建议。whe

46、re to start with my project为为“疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式”结结构。构。1. 常见疑问词：疑问代词who, what, which等和疑问副词when, where，how等。2. 句法功能：主语、宾语和表语3. 数：作主语时谓语动词通常用单数 When and where to have the discussion hasnt been decided yet. 何时何地进行讨论还没有决定。何时何地进行讨论还没有决定。 Tom will tell you which bus to take. 汤姆会告诉你坐哪一路公交车。汤姆会告诉你坐哪一路公交车。 The qu

47、estion is when to leave. 问题是什么时候动身。问题是什么时候动身。 Its no use having ideas only. Dont worry. Peter can show you _ to turn an idea into an act. 2010辽宁，辽宁，34A. how B. who C. what D. where【解析解析】选选A。考查。考查“疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式”结构，该结结构，该结构在句中作宾语，构在句中作宾语，how表示方式。表示方式。2. It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so

48、long as you are using itif not，turn it off！(P30)在用电器设在用电器设备时你可以让它开着备时你可以让它开着如果不用就把它关掉！如果不用就把它关掉！ if not在本句中是在本句中是if you are not using it否定句否定句的省略形式。的省略形式。if后常跟后常跟so或或not来代替上文内容。来代替上文内容。 I think theres a train at midday. If not youll have to wait till 13 oclock. 我想正午会有一班火车。要是没有，你只好等到我想正午会有一班火车。要是没有，你

49、只好等到13点了。点了。 We are ready to fight for our rights if necessary. 我们已经准备好，必要时为自己的权利而战。我们已经准备好，必要时为自己的权利而战。 Are you planning to return to work, and _ , who is going to look after the baby? 2011沈阳高二检测沈阳高二检测A. if not B. if so C. if ever D. if any【解析解析】选选B。句意：你是否打算回去工作，如果是。句意：你是否打算回去工作，如果是的话，谁来照顾孩子？的话，谁来照

50、顾孩子？if so如果是的话；如果是的话；if not如果如果不是的话；不是的话；if ever如果曾有过的话，如果曾有过的话，if any如果有的如果有的话。话。3. It takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials, so, if you can，buy things made from recycled materials. (P30) 用新材料来做这些东西要花费大量的能源，因此，只用新材料来做这些东西要花费大量的能源，因此，只要有可能，就买那些用回收材料制成的物品。要有可能，就买那些用回收材料制成的物品。It take

51、s(sb. )+精力精力/时间时间+to do sth. 句型表示句型表示“做做某事花费某事花费(某人某人)多少精力多少精力/时间时间”。 Mary _ some kids to wash the car. A. took B. paid C. spent D. cost【解析解析】选选B。句意：玛丽花钱雇了一些孩子洗车。句意：玛丽花钱雇了一些孩子洗车。pay sb. to do sth. 结构。结构。4. Together, individuals can make a difference. (P30) 众人拾柴火焰高。众人拾柴火焰高。句中句中make a difference的意思是的意

52、思是“有影响有影响”，还可作，还可作“有关系；很重要有关系；很重要”讲。讲。make some/ no difference to 对对.有影响有影响/没有影响；没有影响； 对对.重要重要/不重要。不重要。 That makes no difference to me. 那对我没有影响。那对我没有影响。 Exercise can make a great difference to your health. 锻炼对你的健康产生很大的影响。锻炼对你的健康产生很大的影响。 We had tried everything, but it made little _ . A. good B. use

53、C. result D. difference【 解 析解 析 】 选选 D 。 考 查 固 定 搭 配 。 考 查 固 定 搭 配 。 m a k e l i t t l e difference“没有影响；毫无作用没有影响；毫无作用”。5. Get your parents to buy things that are economical with energy. . . (P30)劝你的父母去买那些节能产品劝你的父母去买那些节能产品get sb. to do sth. 意为意为“让某人干某事让某人干某事” The captain got the soldiers moving towa

54、rds the front after a short rest. 休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进起来。休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进起来。 Ill get my bike repaired tomorrow. 我明天得去修一下我的自行车。我明天得去修一下我的自行车。 I wont have you speaking to your dad like that. 我不允许你对你父亲那样讲话。我不允许你对你父亲那样讲话。 Tom had his leg broken while playing football. 汤姆踢足球时，伤了腿。汤姆踢足球时，伤了腿。 She couldnt get them _ what she was saying. A. understand B. understandingC