必修4unit2working_the_land单词讲解

1、Unit 2Working the land 重点单词重点单词1struggle vt. & vi.斗争；拼搏；努力斗争；拼搏；努力2output n产量；输出产量；输出3hunger n饥饿；欲望饥饿；欲望hungry adj.饥饿的；有欲望的饥饿的；有欲望的4expand vt. & vi.使变大；伸展；阐使变大；伸展；阐述述expansion n扩大；增加扩大；增加5circulate vt. & vi.循环；流传循环；流传circulation n循环流通循环流通6battle n战役；战斗；较量；斗争战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt. & vi.搏斗；奋斗搏斗；奋斗7therefore a

2、dv.因此；所以；因而因此；所以；因而v8equip vt. & vi.配备；装备配备；装备equipment n设备设备(不可数不可数)9export vt. & vi.输出；出口输出；出口import vt. & vi.输入；入口；输入；入口；进口进口10nationality n国籍国籍nation n国家；民族国家；民族national adj.国家的；国有的国家的；国有的11occupation n工作；职业；占领工作；职业；占领occupy vt.占领占领12confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难使迷惑；使为难confusing adj.令人迷惑的令人迷惑的confused adj.

3、感到迷惑的感到迷惑的confusion n迷惑迷惑13regret vt.遗憾；惋惜遗憾；惋惜 n遗憾；懊遗憾；懊悔悔regretful adj.后悔的后悔的14chemical adj.化学的；关于化学的化学的；关于化学的chemistry n化学化学chemist n化学家；药剂师化学家；药剂师15bacteria n(bacterium的复数形式的复数形式)细菌细菌16reduce vt.减少；缩减；简化减少；缩减；简化reduction n缩小；减少缩小；减少17summary n总结；摘要；概要总结；摘要；概要summarize vt.总结总结18comment n评论；议论评论；议

4、论 vi. & vt.表达意见；表达意见；作出评论作出评论重点短语重点短语1thanks to幸亏；由于幸亏；由于2rid.of 摆脱；除去摆脱；除去3be satisfied with 对对感到满意感到满意4would rather 宁愿；宁可宁愿；宁可5build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发逐渐增强；建立；开发6lead to 导致；造成导致；造成7focus on 集中集中(注意力注意力、精力等精力等)于于8keep.free from/of 使使免受免受(影响影响、伤害等伤害等)；使；使不含不含(有害物有害物)9make a difference 造成差异造成差异，很重要很重要10ke

5、ep in mind 牢记在心牢记在心11cause damage to 对对造成危害造成危害12in addition 再者再者，还有还有13turn to 转向转向struggle vt. 搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎n斗争；挣扎斗争；挣扎struggle with与与斗争斗争struggle for 为争取为争取而斗争而斗争struggle against与与斗争；为反对斗争；为反对而斗争而斗争struggle to do sth. 努力努力/争取争取=make great efforts to do sth.struggle through 奋力通过奋力通过strugg

6、le to ones feet 挣扎着站起来挣扎着站起来struggle on/along (虽艰难仍虽艰难仍)继续做某事继续做某事struggle for struggling with strugglingtothe struggle for struggled to her feet Dina，_for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.A.strugglingBstruggledC. having struggledD. to struggle

7、解析：句意为：几个月以来，Dina一直努力想找一份女服务员的工作，最终她在当地一家广告代理处谋到了一个职位。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处与句子主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除B项；不定式作状语一般表示目的，故排除D项；C项相当于：Dina had struggled for months to find a job as a waitress.而A项相当于：Dina was struggling for months to find a job as a waitress.根据句意可知，C项更符合要求，故为答案。v答案：Cexpand vt.&vi. 使变大；伸展；阐述使变大；伸展；阐述ex

8、pansion n. 扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展expansive adj. 扩张性的；开展性的；广扩张性的；开展性的；广阔的阔的expand into/to 使扩大使扩大，变大变大expand on/upon 阐述阐述，详谈详谈We should constantly broaden our views and expand our knowledge. 我们要不断地开拓自己的眼界、增长见识。 即学即练即学即练2(1)Metals _ when they are heated.金属受热会膨胀金属受热会膨胀。(2)Weve _ _ _ by opening two more

9、stores. 我们增开了两个商我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务店以扩展业务。(3)I repeated the question and waited for her to _.我把问题重复了一遍我把问题重复了一遍，等着她进行充分阐述等着她进行充分阐述。expandexpandedthebusinessexpandtherefore adv.(as a result of that)因此；所以因此；所以即学即练即学即练3He was very tired and _ he fell sound asleep.He was very tired. _ he fell sound asleep.He

10、 was very tired, _ he fell sound asleep.他累得很他累得很，因此睡得很熟因此睡得很熟。thereforeThereforeso提示：提示：therefore 是是副词副词，不能引导从句，两个句，不能引导从句，两个句子之间要用子之间要用连词连词或者或者分号分号；而；而 so是是连词连词，可接从，可接从句。句。4equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备配备；装备equipment n. U装备；设备装备；设备equip sb./sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人用某物装备某人/物物be equipped with sth. 装备有某物装备有某物equi

11、p sb./sth. for (doing) sth. 为为(做做)某事而准某事而准备备 be equiped for (doing) sthequip sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事使某人能够做某事sb. be equipped to do sth. 某人有准备做某事某人有准备做某事a piece of equipment 一件设备一件设备即学即练即学即练4(1)Our classroom _ _ _ a TV set and a tape recorder.我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台录音机我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台录音机。(2)A good education sh

12、ould _ _ _ _.良好的教育能使你受用终生良好的教育能使你受用终生。(3)Our school has been given _ _ _.我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。 isequippedwithequipyouforlifesomenewequipmentconfuse vt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆(1)confuse.and/with.把和混淆(2)confusion n混乱；迷惑(3)confused adj.困惑的，烦恼的(以人作主语)(4)confusing adj.令人费解的；使人困惑的(以物作主语)Judging from his_ex

13、pression，he didnt understand the_problem referring to teenagers mental health.v答案：confused；confusingvregret v可惜，后悔，遗憾；惋惜；n.遗憾，抱歉共 96 页21regret v&n. 遗憾；后悔；惋惜遗憾；后悔；惋惜refuse with much regret (many regrets) 婉言拒绝婉言拒绝to ones regret 令人遗憾的是令人遗憾的是feel regretful for.对对感到后悔感到后悔express regret for/at/over sth. 对

14、对表示遗憾表示遗憾regretn./pron./doing/having done 后悔做某事后悔做某事regretthatclause 后悔后悔，遗憾遗憾regret to say/tell/inform. 很抱歉地说很抱歉地说/告诉告诉/通知通知Its much to be regretted that. 令人遗憾的是令人遗憾的是vIts no use regretting what you have done.v后悔你做过的事情没有用。vI regret that I am unable to accept your kind invitation.v很遗憾，我不能接受你的友好邀请。vI

15、 have always regretted not having studied harder at school.v我一直后悔在校期间没能努力学习。vWe think，much to our regret，that we will not be able to visit you next year.v让我们深感遗憾的是，我们认为明年不能去拜访你了。vWe regret to inform you that your application has not been successful.v我们很遗憾的通知您，您的申请未通过。即学即练即学即练5(1)He regretted _ _ car

16、eless.He regretted _ _ _ _ careless.他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。(2)I regret _ _ you that we are unable to offer you employment. 我遗憾地通知你我遗憾地通知你，我们不能雇用你我们不能雇用你。(3)_ _ _ _， I must leave now.令我很遗憾的是令我很遗憾的是，我现在必须离开了我现在必须离开了。 (4)We heard _ _ that you were not successful in your plan. 听到你的计划不能顺利进行听到你的计划不

17、能顺利进行，我们觉得很可我们觉得很可惜惜。havingbeenthathehadbeentoinformMuchtomyregretwithregretRobert is indeed a wise man. O h , y e s . H o w o f t e n I h a v e regretted_his advice!Ato takeBtakingCnot to takeDnot takingv解析：regret (not) doing/having done sth.表示“后悔 (没)做 (了)某事”。v答案：DvMr Black，what about my applicatio

18、n?vOh，I regret_you that it hasnt been successful.vAtellingBto tellvChaving toldDsaidv解析：句意为：布莱克先生，我的申请如何？噢，我很遗憾地告诉你，它未通过。由句意可知为“遗憾地要去干某事”，故选择regret to do的形式。v答案：Bfocus n(兴趣、活动等的兴趣、活动等的)中心；焦点中心；焦点v(使使)集中，聚集；集中，聚集；(使使)聚焦聚焦be in focus 焦距对准；清晰焦距对准；清晰be out of focus 焦距没对准；模糊焦距没对准；模糊bring sth. into focus

19、把某物集中在焦点上把某物集中在焦点上focus sth. on (upon) sth.fix.on.使使集中于集中于be focused on/upon sth.be fixed on 集中集中于于即学即练即学即练6(1)The _ _ my camera isnt working properly.我照相机上的调焦装置有毛病我照相机上的调焦装置有毛病。(2)Her beauty makes her _ _ _ _.她长得漂亮她长得漂亮，很惹人注意很惹人注意。(3)We should _ _ _ _ our study.我们应该把注意力放在学习上我们应该把注意力放在学习上。(4)She fel

20、t all the eyes _ _ _ her.她觉得所有人都在注视着她她觉得所有人都在注视着她。focusonthefocusofattentionfocusourattentiononwerefocusedonreduce vt. 减少；缩减；简化减少；缩减；简化reduce ones expenditure 减少某人的开减少某人的开支支kspendt(r) be reduced to despair 陷入绝望陷入绝望reduce to. 降至降至reduce by. 减少了减少了即学即练即学即练7(1)He persuaded them to _ the price _ $1 000.

21、他设法使他们的价格降到他设法使他们的价格降到1 000美元美元。(2)Production costs have _ _ _ one third.生产成本下降了生产成本下降了1/3。(3)The fire _ the forest _ a few trees.大火把森林烧得仅剩下几棵树了大火把森林烧得仅剩下几棵树了。reducetobeenreducedbyreducedtocomment vt.评论评论 n评论，意见，议论评论，意见，议论have a/some/any comment(s) on/about sth.对对 有评论、意见有评论、意见ask for comment 征求意见征求意

22、见make comments on sth.评论某事评论某事No comment. 无可奉告无可奉告。Without comment. 不必多说不必多说。comment(v.)on/ upon sth.评论评论，对对发表意见发表意见comment(v.)thatclause评论评论即学即练即学即练8(1)Have you any _ _ the proposals？你对这些建议有什么意见吗？你对这些建议有什么意见吗？(2)It created _ _ in the press.这引起报界广泛的评论这引起报界广泛的评论。(3)He made some useful _ _ my work.他对我

23、的作品作了一些实用的评论他对我的作品作了一些实用的评论。 (4)He _ that it was an excellent film.他评论这部电影很精彩他评论这部电影很精彩。commentsonwidecommentcommentsoncommentedthanks to 由于；多亏由于；多亏(介词短语，在句介词短语，在句中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末)because of 因为；由于因为；由于owing to 由于由于，因因之缘故之缘故as a result of 作为作为的结果的结果，由于由于due to 因为因为，由于由于(不能放在句首不能放在句首)on

24、account of 由于；因为由于；因为即学即练即学即练9(1)_ _ Jims warning, we avoided the accident.多亏吉姆的提醒多亏吉姆的提醒，我们避免了一场事故我们避免了一场事故。(2)I couldnt attend the meeting _ _ illness.我因病不能出席会议我因病不能出席会议。(3)The delay was _ _ power failure.延滞是由于停电延滞是由于停电。Thankstoowingtoduetodue to Owing to Because of thanks to Thanks to rid sb./one

25、self/sth. of sth. 使使摆摆脱脱be/get rid of 去掉去掉，摆脱；抛弃摆脱；抛弃remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事提醒某人某事inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事通知某人某事be free of. 摆脱摆脱即学即练即学即练10(1)One day we will manage to _ _ _ _ this terrible disease.总有一天我们有办法使这种可怕的疾病在世界上绝总有一天我们有办法使这种可怕的疾病在世界上绝迹迹。(2)You must _ _ _ these oldfashioned ideas.你必须摒弃这些陈旧观

26、念你必须摒弃这些陈旧观念。(3)Well have to _ _ _ him.我们必须摆脱他我们必须摆脱他。(4)How can we _ _ _ all the flies in the kitchen?我们怎样才能把厨房内的苍蝇统统消灭掉？我们怎样才能把厨房内的苍蝇统统消灭掉？ridtheworldofridyourselfofgetridofgetridofbe satisfied with 对对感到满意感到满意be satisfied that. 满意满意be satisfied to do 乐意干乐意干satisfy vt.满意；使满意满意；使满意satisfied adj. 感到满

27、意的感到满意的satisfying adj. 令人满意的令人满意的satisfactory adj. 令人满意的令人满意的satisfaction n. 满意满意，满足满足即学即练即学即练11(1)I _ the result.我对那个结果很满意我对那个结果很满意。(2)My parents try to _.我父母尽量满足我的需求我父母尽量满足我的需求。(3)There was _ on his face.他脸上露出了满意的微笑他脸上露出了满意的微笑。(4)_，my boss agreed to my suggestion.很使我满意的是很使我满意的是，老板同意了我的建议老板同意了我的建议。

28、was satisfied withsatisfy my needsa satisfied lookMuch to my satisfactionlead to 通向，导致，致使通向，导致，致使leadn.to sth. 引导引导到到lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事使某人做某事即学即练即学即练12(1)The bank has offered a reward for any information _ the arrest of the men.银行悬赏任何能将这些人绳之以法的情报银行悬赏任何能将这些人绳之以法的情报。(2)What _ acting as a caree

29、r？是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？leading toled you to take up提示：提示：(1)lead to中的中的 to为为介词介词，后面跟代词、名词或，后面跟代词、名词或动名词。类似的词组还有：动名词。类似的词组还有：devote to 致力于致力于/pay attention to 对对加以注意加以注意/object to 反对反对/stick to 坚坚持持/look forward to 期望，等等。期望，等等。(2)lead to 不用被动语态。不用被动语态。(3)lead to 是前因后果，而是前因后果，而 lie in (result

30、 from) 是前果是前果后因。后因。 It is said that a cigarette end caused/led to/resulted in the forest fire.据说是一个烟头引起了这场森林大火。turn take built up keep.free from/of 使使免受免受(影响、伤害等影响、伤害等)使使不含不含(有害物有害物)free from 没有没有，免于免于，无无之忧之忧free of 无无的；免于的；免于的的，离开了离开了的的free sb./sth. from. 使某人使某人/某物自由；解放；释放某物自由；解放；释放for freefree of

31、charge 免费地免费地，无偿地无偿地be free to do sth. 自由地做某事自由地做某事be free with sb. 对某人放肆对某人放肆free as the air 自由自在自由自在set sb. free 释放某人释放某人即学即练即学即练13(1)_ the table _ dirt by putting a cover over it.用个东西把桌子罩住用个东西把桌子罩住，免得灰尘落在上面免得灰尘落在上面。(2)The lake _ pollution.这湖没有污染这湖没有污染。(3)The secretary _ all blame for the errors.这

32、些失误完全不能怪秘书这些失误完全不能怪秘书。(4)Try to _ all prejudices.尽量消除一切偏见尽量消除一切偏见。Keepfree fromis free ofwas free fromfree yourself fromstruggle regret expand equip comments C A B B C The policemans _ traffic directions made all the drivers quite _.Aconfused; confused Bconfusing; confusingCconfusing; confused Dconf

33、used; confusing答案：答案：C解析：解析：confusing “令人迷惑的令人迷惑的”，多修饰物；，多修饰物；confused “感到感到迷惑的迷惑的”，多修饰人。，多修饰人。Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice!Ato take BtakingCnot to take Dnot taking答案：答案：D解析：考查解析：考查regret 的用法。的用法。 regret to do 遗憾要做某事，遗憾要做某事，regret doing 后悔做了某事。题意为后悔做了某

34、事。题意为“我经常后悔没有听我经常后悔没有听取他的建议取他的建议”。If I ruled the world I would _ the world _ wars, killers and everything else that is bad.Aget rid of; by Bbe rid of; byCrid; of Dget rid; of答案：答案：C解析：考查解析：考查 rid.of.“使使摆脱摆脱”。(2010安徽皖南八校二联安徽皖南八校二联)One primary goal of UNESCO is to _ modern knowledge society in which a

35、ll people can participate in information and knowledge.Amake up Bpolish upCbuild up Dtake up答案：答案：C解析：考查动词短语辨析。解析：考查动词短语辨析。build up建立；建立；take up从事；从事；polish up改善，润色；改善，润色；make up弥补，虚构，整理，和解，化妆。句意：建立现代化的知识社会，让所有弥补，虚构，整理，和解，化妆。句意：建立现代化的知识社会，让所有的人都能参与信息与知识，是联合国教科文组织的主要目标之一。的人都能参与信息与知识，是联合国教科文组织的主要目标之一。

36、Through determination, she had learned to read and write and _ to become part of the leadership of the village.Aappeared BstruggledChesitated Dfailed答案：答案：B解析：解析：struggle to do sth. 意为意为“努力做某事努力做某事”。(2010南昌二中南昌二中)On the bank of the river, we found him _ on a beach, with his eyes _ on a kite in the s

37、ky.Aseated; fixing Bsitting; fixingCseated; being fixed Dsitting; fixed答案：答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空用解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空用seated或或sitting作宾补，第二空作宾补，第二空是是with复合结构，由复合结构，由fix ones eyes on sth可知应用过去分词可知应用过去分词fixed。 How does Alma like her new job?She _ with the hours.Acant satisfy Bisnt satisfiedCdoesnt satisfy Dhasnt satisfied答案：答案：B解析：解析：be satisfied with 对对感到满意。感到满意。satisfy vt. “使满意使满意”，主语是物，宾语是人。主语是物，宾语是人。(2010山西太原五中山西太原五中)The falling of the new building _ its soft base.Aresulted in Bsuffered fromCled to Dlay in答案：答案：D解析：考查短语辨析。语意：新楼的倒塌在于根基不牢。此处解析：考查短语辨析。语意：新楼的倒塌在于根基不牢。此处lie in表示表示“(原因原因)在于在于”。A