高中牛津英语高一模块一三单元Grammar-共2课时

1、REVISIONWho is he?*The man _is sitting there is Brad Pitt.*The man _she speaks is Brad Pitt.*The man _she speaks to is Brad Pitt.who/thatto whomwho/whom/that/-Who is she?Cecilia, _ took weight-loss pills, now realizes that health is important.Cecilia, _ body is slim, still wants to lose some weight.

2、whowhoseU3 GrammarNon-restrictive attributive clauses (1st period)Sentence structure analysisS=subject P=predicate O=object我的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园，房子是去年买的。My house, which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.Main clauseMy househas got a lovely garden.SPODifferences:CommaThe non-restrictive attributive

3、clause can be left out.We cant use “that in it.We cant miss the relative words, either.限制性定语从句与先行词之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。My cousin whose father is a teacher wants to be an actor.My cousin , whose father is a teacher , wants to be an actor. A. This is the place where I lived ten years ago. B.

4、 She is going to spend the winter holiday in Macao, which returned to China in 1999.2. A. He is a man who I can ask for help. B. His father, who works in Beijing, came back yesterday.限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从句，剩余局部意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉从句，意义仍然完整。 1. I have a sister who works in a hospital. 我有一位在医

5、院工作的姐姐。 2. I have a sister, who works in a hospital.我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句会改变全句的意思。不只一位姐姐只有一位姐姐3. All the magazines here which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him.里面有漂亮图画的那些杂志是他写的。4. All the magazines here, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.所有的杂志都是他

6、写的，里面都有漂亮的图画。杂志有带图画和不带图画两类杂志只有一种More examples:He was very rude to the custom officers, which of course made things even worse.The result of the experiment was very good, which we hadnt expected.He missed the show, whichwas a great pity. Tip 1: Here, we know we can use “which to refer to the whole ma

7、in clause, and we cant use “that.典型例题 Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him. (天津卷) A. who B. that C. what D. whichD Carol said the work would be done by October, _ personally I doubt very much. A. it B. that C. when D. whichDOther exampl

8、es:He has three sons, two of whom are doctors.Many people, some of whom are slim, are going on diets.China has hundreds of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan.Tip 2: We can use most/ all/ some/ both/ part + of + whom/ which to express a complete or partial quantity.典型例题 The factory produces half

9、 a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. (2004, 辽宁卷) A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of thatA05年高考回放1. I have many friends, _ some are businessmen. (全国II卷) A. why B. from which C. who of D. of whom D 2If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more ti

10、me in the shop. (上海卷) A. that B. which C. when D. whereD 3Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _ effects the people are still suffering. (天津卷) A. that B. whose C. those D. what B 4I walked in our garden, _ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. (辽宁卷) A. whi

11、ch B. when C. where D. that C 5. He was educated at a local grammar school, _ he went on to Cambridge. (山东卷) A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from thisC 6. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer what it was 20years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. (安徽卷) A. when

12、B. which C. what D. that A 7. The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. 江苏卷 A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which C 8. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. 浙江卷 A. which B. that C

13、. this D. itA9. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ they are being trained. 江西卷 A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which D 10. Her sister has become a lawyer, _ she wanted to be. (湖北卷) A. who B. that C. what D. which D 11. Many people who had se

14、en the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ people were eaten by the tiger. (广东卷一) A. in which B. by which C. which D. that A高考回放The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. (全国卷I) A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on whichC

15、There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. (全国卷II) A. where B. which C. when D. thatAThe journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days. (全国卷III) A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for whichAThere was _ time _ I hated to go

16、to school. (湖北卷) A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the; whenB非限制性定语从句考点归纳：as和which引导非限制性定语从句, 代替整个主句。1. As everyone knows, China is a country with a long history. 众所周知，中国是一个历史悠久的国家。2. She is a teacher, as is clear from her manner. 她是个教师, 这一点从她的举止可以清楚地看出。Examples:3. He missed the show, which was

17、really a great pity. 他错过了演出，这真是很大的遗憾。4. He invited me to dinner, which made me very happy. 他请我吃饭，这使我很快乐。Conclusion1. as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，as和which可代替整个主句。这两个关系代词都可指代主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。2. as和which引导非限制性定语从句的不 同之处在于：(1) as引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which引导的定语从句不可放在句首。(2) as引导非限制性从句,常带有“正如的意思。 PracticeAli

18、ce received an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise.2. _ is expected, the England team won the football match.Aswhich3. It rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the park.4. _ we can see, the smoke came from the little dustbin.whichAs关系代词：which / who / whom / whose / as 关系副词：w

19、hen / where(非限制性定语从句中不用关系词that；非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略)非限制性定语从句中通常使用以下关系代词和副词Conclusion在非限制性定语从句中,一些表达数量的数词或代词如 all / some / one / both / neither / none / any / either / any等可与of构成介词词组修饰限制先行词,此时先行词在其后的定语从句中作介词的宾语,关系代词不可用that。如先行词指人那么用whom，如先行词指物那么用which引导从句。 I am doing different types of exercises, all of

20、_ are quite helpful to my health.2. Many people, some of _ are not overweight, are going on diets.3. There are 54 students in my class, three of _ come from US.Other exampleswhichwhomwhom限定性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成局部，使先行词区别于同类其他事物；主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开。非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句不影响主句意思完整。一般用逗号把主句和从句分开。引导词：关系代词和关系副词，

21、作宾语时一些关系代词可以省略引导词：as, who, whom, whose, which, of which, when, where等，不用that或why,不能省略定语从句Conclusion1. This is one of the most interesting films _ shown last week. This is the very one of the most interesting films _ shown last week. A. which was B. that was C. which were D. that wereBDQuiz II: Compa

22、rison2. He has two sons, _ are college students. He has two sons, and _ are college students. A. both of which B. both of whomC. both of them D. both of itCB 3. He still lives in the room _ window faces to the east. He still lives in the room, the window _ faces to the east. He still lives in the ro

23、om _ is in the north of the city. He still lives in the room _ there is a beautiful table. A. which B. whose C. where D. of whichCADB4. _ we all know, China is rich in natural resources. _ is well-known that China is rich in natural resources. _ is well-known, China is rich in natural resources. A.

24、Which B. As C. It D. ThatBCB5. Is this museum _ he visited last month? The teacher tells us that _ cleans the blackboard is to be praised. A. that B. the one C. which D. the one whoBDU3 Grammar question tags(2nd period) Do you say “I love you to your parents, how do you say?Sometimes, you can ask:Yo

25、u love me, dont you?This kind of sentence is called question tag. Question tags are short questions that come at the end of statements. question tagsQuestion tags can be used when youask for agreement eg: you still go to the gym every day, dont you ?ask for confirmation eg: you still go to the gym e

26、very day, dont you?Notice:1. We use a negative question tag at the end of a positive statement; we use a positive question tag at the end of a negative statement. Looking good is important to women, isnt it? I was very lucky, wasnt I? We shouldnt be ashamed of the way we look, should we?2. Words lik

27、e neither, none, nobody, nothing, few, little, never, hardly or seldom are considered negative.Neither of you will have coffee, will you?No one has found my CD, have they?Nobody understood his speech, did they?His sister seldom argues with people, does she?3. We use a personal pron. like I, we, you,

28、 he, she, it or they in a question tag.eg: you wouldnt like to take these pills, would you?Everyone has advised you not to go on a diet, havent they?4. We use an auxiliary verb, model verb or be in a question tag. eg: You like traveling, dont you? eg: You cant speak Italian, can you? eg: There is so

29、mething wrong, isnt there?5. After an imperative clause, we use will you. After Lets, we use shall we.eg: Post a letter for me, will you?eg: Lets have a break, shall we?Let us go home now, will you?6. When the main clause of the sentence begins with I think / suppose / guess / believe / imagine and

30、is followed by an object clause introduced by that, the question tags are formed according to the object clause.NoticeI think everyone will be interested in these books, wont they?I guess they havent heard about the plan, have they?I dont suppose Tom went back home yesterday, did he?Hes a very good

31、teacher, isnt he?Youd watch the football match rather than go to the party, wouldnt you?7. Remember s=is or has, and d=had or wouldNoticeTips about using question tags:Take note of:the kind of verb (auxiliary / modal verb / other verbs ) the tense of the verb / verb agreement典型例题回放1. -Why does she a

32、lways ask you for help? -There is no one else she can turn to, _? (北京卷) A. is there B. is it C. can she D. does sheA2. There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended _? (上海卷) A. wasnt there B. was there C. didnt it D. did itA3 There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, _? (上海春考) A. did