句子成分与基本句型

1、句子成分与基本句型句子成分与基本句型Sentence elements and basic sentence patterns基本句型基本句型 主语主语 + + 不及物动词不及物动词 The sun is rising.The sun is rising. 主语主语 + + 及物动词及物动词 + + 宾语宾语 He can play the violin.He can play the violin. 主语主语 + + 系动词系动词 + + 表语表语 Mr. Brown is an engineer.Mr. Brown is an engineer. 主语主语 + + 及物动词及物动词 + +

2、 间接宾语间接宾语 + + 直接直接 宾语宾语基本句型基本句型 He handed me a letter. 主语主语 + + 及物动词及物动词 + + 宾语宾语 + + 宾语补足宾语补足语语 He founded his new job boring.句子成分句子成分 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。句子成组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。句子成分有：主语、谓语、表语、宾语（直接宾分有：主语、谓语、表语、宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）、宾语补足语、定语和状语和间接宾语）、宾语补足语、定语和状语。语。 主语：表示所说的是主语：表示所说的是“什么什么”或或“谁谁”，通常由名词、代词或相当于名词功能的词、通

3、常由名词、代词或相当于名词功能的词、短语或从句充当，一般位于句首。短语或从句充当，一般位于句首。 The baby is sleeping. 谓语：谓语： 说明主语的动作、特征或状态，由说明主语的动作、特征或状态，由动词或动词短语充当，通常位于主语之后。动词或动词短语充当，通常位于主语之后。 He lives here. They want to ask you some questions. 表语：表语： 说明主语的性质、特征、身份或状说明主语的性质、特征、身份或状态等，可由名词、形容词、介词短语充当。态等，可由名词、形容词、介词短语充当。 He is a lawyer. 宾语：是及物动词所

4、表示的动作的对象或宾语：是及物动词所表示的动作的对象或介词的对象，常由名词、代词或相当于名介词的对象，常由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词和短语充当，一般位于谓语词或代词的词和短语充当，一般位于谓语动词或介词之后。动词或介词之后。 Will you attend the meeting ? 直接宾语和间接宾语直接宾语和间接宾语: 指物的是直接宾语，指物的是直接宾语，指人的是间接宾语。指人的是间接宾语。 My uncle gave me a birthday present. 补语补语 The bad news made her sad. 定语定语 The blue shirt looks ni

5、ce. The bike under the tree is mine. The boy who is in red is Jack. 状语状语 Dont speak so fast. The wind was blowing hard when he came home.Unit2Unit3词组辨析 辨析辨析 besides, except for 和和apart from besides= in addition to “除除.以外，（还，以外，（还，也）；着重于指另外还有。也）；着重于指另外还有。 apart from “除除.之外之外”， 它即可用作它即可用作besides,也可用作也

6、可用作except 和和except for. Besides English, they also study math, physics and chemistry. Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. Apart from them , I had no one to talk to. Apart from other considerations, time is also a factor. 辨析 keen 和anxious keen :渴望的；热心的 be keen on anxious: 急切的

7、 He is keen on stamp collecting. He is keen to have a look at the Great Wall. We were keen about going to the picnic. Im anxious about the parcel because it hasnt arrived 1. require + 名词名词/动名词动名词. The plan requires careful thought. The room requires a general cleaning Require 2. require + 从句，从句， 从句的谓语常用从句的谓语常用should+动词动词原形原形 He required that we (should) work all night. 3. require + 名词名词 + of + 名名/代词代词 What do you require of