人教版B1U4语言点

1、Words and expressionsUnit 4 Earthquakes1. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. imagine v. 想象，设想，料想想象，设想，料想(1) imagine sth. / (sb./ones ) doing sth. Can you imagine life/living on the moon? The boy imagines himself becoming a scientist. (2) imagine sb./sth. (to be / as)

2、 + adj. / n. / prep. 想象某人想象某人/物物；将某人；将某人/物想象成物想象成 Dont imagine yourself to be always correct. The girl imagines the gentleman as her father. Please imagine yourself (to be) in his place. (3) imagine + that / wh_ clause 想象 We never imagined that he would become a doctor. Imagine what your life would

3、be like if you lost all that you had.imagination n.想象；想象力想象；想象力imaginative adj.虚构的；富于想象的；有创造力的虚构的；富于想象的；有创造力的高考链接高考链接1. I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic in five days A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed2. -There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. -My go

4、odness! I cant imagine _ that old. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having beenright away立即立即, 马上马上 = right now / straight away / at once / in no time / in a minute / immediately shake vi. /vt. (shook, shaken) 动摇，摇动，颤抖动摇，摇动，颤抖 n. 摇动，哆嗦摇动，哆嗦e.g. The whole house shook during the explosion. The exp

5、losion shook the house.shake hands with sb. 和某人握手和某人握手shake ones head over /at 对对摇头摇头/表示异议表示异议2. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. rise (rose, risen) vi. 上升；增加；起立，起床上升；增加；起立，起床 Interest rates rise from 4% to 5%. The flood has risen two feet. She usually rise

6、s early in the morning.raise (raised, raised) vt. 举起；提出；筹集；养育举起；提出；筹集；养育 He raised his voice to make himself heard. The party was held to raise money for the earthquake victims. The mother raised four children 1. The prices are _ fast these days. Nobody can get the prices _. A. going down; to bring

7、down B. rising; bring down C. raising; bring down D. rising; brought down. 2. Theyve _ up to 20,000 yuan for the Hope Project. A. rose B. raise C. raised D. risen 3. Last year the advertising rate _ by 20 percent. A. raised B. aroused C. arose D. rose 1. He _from his chair when the doorbell rang.2.

8、Her job is _ chickens.3. Her temperature is still _.4. He _ in rank recently.5. They _ their arms and waved to us with joy.roseraisingrisinghas risenraised用用rise或或raise的正确形式填空。的正确形式填空。well3. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. smell v. (smelt/smelled)闻，嗅；发出闻，嗅；发出气味气味 n. 气味，嗅觉气味，嗅觉smell + y = adj. s

9、melly adj. 发臭的发臭的 wind-windy dream-dreamy ice-icy health - healthywealth - wealthy luck - lucky1. They were all hungry and the food _ good.2. I can _something burning in the kitchen.3. Please throw the _ fish away.4. Where does that strange _ come from?smeltsmellsmellysmell4. In the city, the water

10、pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. burst (burst, burst)(1)vi. 破裂，爆炸破裂，爆炸 The driver lost control when a tire burst. (2)vt. 突破，冲撞突破，冲撞 They burst the door open to save the girl.(3)n. a burst of . 一阵一阵 a burst of laughter /thunder /applauseburst into(1)突然闯入突然闯入 Dont burst into my bedroom witho

11、ut knocking.(2)突然突然起来（通常接具有动词意义的名词）起来（通常接具有动词意义的名词） burst into laughter / tears / songs The entire hall burst into thunderous cheers. 全场发出了雷鸣般的欢呼。全场发出了雷鸣般的欢呼。 burst out(1)大声叫喊大声叫喊 “I dont believe it”, he burst out.(2)突然突然起来（通常接动名词）起来（通常接动名词） burst into laughing / crying / singing 5. But the one mill

12、ion people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. think little of轻视，不重视；认为轻视，不重视；认为没什么了不起没什么了不起think much of 对对很重视；认为很重视；认为很不错很不错think highly / well / a lot of 高度评价，重视高度评价，重视think poorly / badly / nothing of 对对看法不好，评价很低看法不好，评价很低event n. (1)（重要的、不同寻常的）事件（重要的

13、、不同寻常的）事件 Leaving home was a major event in his life. This is one of the most important events in the history of mankind. (2)（事先安排好的）演出（事先安排好的）演出, 赛事赛事, 聚会聚会 The meeting was an important social event. (3)（体育比赛的）运动项目（体育比赛的）运动项目 The 800 metres is not his best event. field event 田赛项目田赛项目 track event 径赛

14、项目径赛项目 three-day event 三日马术赛。三日马术赛。event构成的常用短语有：构成的常用短语有： in any/either event = at all events / in any case不管怎样不管怎样, 无论如何无论如何 In any event, the worst that she can do is to say “NO”.in the event 结果结果, 到头来到头来 Lily didnt like Tom, but in the event she married him.in the event of sth. / in the event th

15、at 万一，假如发生万一，假如发生的情况的情况 In the event of rain, the party will be held indoors. He leaves a letter for me to read in the event that he will die.6. It seemed as if the world was at an end! as if 好像，好似好像，好似 = as though，引导表语，引导表语/方式状语从句方式状语从句当当as if的从句所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的的从句所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，从句用陈述语气：事实

16、时，从句用陈述语气：He talks as if he is drunk. 看来我们好像要迟到了。看来我们好像要迟到了。It looks as if well be late.听起来好像下雨了。听起来好像下雨了。It sounds as if it is raining.如果从句所说并非真实情况，从句要用虚拟语气：如果从句所说并非真实情况，从句要用虚拟语气： (1)表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时； She spoke to me as if she knew me.(2)若表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；若表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；

17、 He talks about Rome as if he had been there before (3)表示将来的可能性不大，用表示将来的可能性不大，用would/might/could + 动动词原形。词原形。 He opened his mouth as if he would say something.end n. 结束，末端，死亡结束，末端，死亡v. 结束，终止结束，终止endless adj. 无止境的，连续的无止境的，连续的endlessly adv. 不断地，无穷尽地不断地，无穷尽地come to an end 完结完结put/bring sth. to an end 结

18、束结束/终止某事终止某事 end up 结束，死亡结束，死亡end up with 以以结束，以结束，以告终告终at an end 完结，结束，耗尽完结，结束，耗尽 The year is at an end.in the end = at last, finally最后、终于最后、终于 Ice becomes smaller and smaller until in the end it disappears completely. at the end of +名词，意思是名词，意思是“在在末端末端/尽头尽头” There is a clothes shop at the end of t

19、he street. by the end of +表示时间的名词，意为表示时间的名词，意为“到到末为止末为止,到到最后最后” The project will be finished by the end of this month. 注意：如果注意：如果of后面接表示过去时间的名词后面接表示过去时间的名词,那么本句的那么本句的谓语必须用过去完成时态。谓语必须用过去完成时态。 How many English words had you learned by the end of last term?用用end构成的短语填空。构成的短语填空。The cold weather at last

20、stopped_ March.Our hunt for a cheaper but largerhouse is at last _.If you go on with work, youll succeed _.How many English words had you learned _ last term?at the end ofat an endin the endby the end ofcanal7. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. lie (lied, lied, lying) vi.撒谎撒谎 n.

21、 谎言谎言lie (lay, lain, lying) vi. 躺，位于躺，位于lay (laid, laid, laying) vt. 搁，放；产卵搁，放；产卵He wasnt telling the truth. He lied again. Ive had enough of your lies.The city lies in the north of China. The hen is laying eggs. 1. The girl _ on the ground _ to me that she had _ the purse on the desk. A. lying, lay

22、, laid B. lying, lied, laid C. lie, lied, lay D. lay, lied, lain2. The cook _ that the eggs _ on the table was _ by him. A. lied; laid; lay B. lied; lying; laid C. lay; laid; laying D. lay; lying; laidruin n. 毁灭，崩溃，覆灭，废墟毁灭，崩溃，覆灭，废墟 The castle has fallen into ruins.in ruins: severely damaged or destr

23、oyed.An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.His career is in ruins. v. 毁灭，（使）破产毁灭，（使）破产 ruined adj.只用在名词前，意为只用在名词前，意为“毁坏的毁坏的, 破败不堪的破败不堪的”When we got there, we saw a ruined castle.ruin用作名词用作名词, 构成的常见短语有：构成的常见短语有： be on the road to ruin 正在走向毁灭正在走向毁灭The company cannot pay its bills and is on the ro

24、ad to ruin.be the ruin of 使使破产、身体垮掉、名誉扫地破产、身体垮掉、名誉扫地Drinking was the ruin of him.be/lie in ruins 变成废墟变成废墟go to ruin = fall into ruin 衰落衰落, 败落败落 如如:He had let the farm go to ruin.damage指部分指部分“损坏损坏”、“损害损害”、“破坏破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词, 也可以用作名词也可以用作名词, 用作名词时常与用作名词时常与to something 连用。如连用。如:

25、The accident did a lot of damage to his car. destroy 只能用作动词，指彻底破坏只能用作动词，指彻底破坏, 以致以致不可能修复，常作不可能修复，常作“破坏破坏”、“毁灭毁灭”解，也可以解，也可以指希望、计划等打破。指希望、计划等打破。The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. 辨析辨析: damage, ruin, destroy ruin则表示破坏严重，以致不能修复，但则表示破坏严重，以致不能修复，但这种破坏不像这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物，而是强那样毁灭某物，而是强调致使该物的使

26、用价值发生了问题。用作动调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时，它作词时，它作 “使毁灭使毁灭”、 “使崩溃使崩溃”、 “弄糟弄糟”解；用作名词时，它表示解；用作名词时，它表示 “毁灭毁灭”、 “瓦解瓦解”、 “废墟废墟”等抽象概念。等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法。也有借喻的用法。The fire ruined the castle. The house has fallen into ruin. The company is facing ruin. The village _ in ruins after the war.These machines have _ idle sin

27、ce the factory closed.An earthquake left the whole town_.His career is _.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was _. He _ his girl friends prospects.Soft wood _ easily.laylainin ruinsin ruinsdestroyedruineddamagesMore than 61% of the surface of the earth _covered by water.Seventy percent of the

28、workers in this factory _ young.isareinjure: to hurt oneself/sb./sth. physically8. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. n. injury adj. injuredthe injured 伤者伤者, 伤员伤员an injured look/expression 委屈的样子委屈的样子/表情表情injured pride/feelings 受到伤害的自尊、情感受到伤害的自尊、情感He suffered serious injur

29、ies to the arms and legs.Many of the injured are still in a serious condition.Their criticisms _ him deeply.Smoking will _ his health.He was slightly _ in the car accident.He got _ in the fighting.What you said _ my feelings.have hurtinjureinjuredwoundedhurtCompare: injure hurt; wound dam9. People w

30、ere shocked. shock: n. 打击打击; 震惊震惊, 震动震动 vt. 使震惊使震惊, 使惊愕使惊愕 shocking: adj. 使人震惊的使人震惊的The news of his wifes death was a terrible shockto him.You will get a shock if you touch the live wire.I was shocked by his rudeness.His failure in the exam was shocking to his parents.10. Such a great number of peop

31、le died because the quake happened while they were sleeping. a number of 几个几个, 若干若干a great/good number of 许多许多, 大量大量 如如：A number of students are planting trees on the hillA great number of volunteers are helping those people living in the earthquake-hit area.a number of 修饰可数名词的复数修饰可数名词的复数, number 前可

32、用前可用large, small, good, certain, great等修饰词。当它修饰等修饰词。当它修饰主语时主语时, 谓语动词用复数。注意谓语动词用复数。注意:the number of 意为意为“的数量的数量, 数目数目”, 当它与后面的名词连用时当它与后面的名词连用时, 中心词是中心词是the number, 做主语时谓语用单数。做主语时谓语用单数。用用a number of 和和the number of 填空。填空。_ students are watching the games on the playground._ trees planted in our villag

33、e is never under 200 every year.The number ofA number of辨析辨析: a (great) number of; a great deal of; a lot of; plenty ofa (great) number of 修饰可数名词修饰可数名词, 跟复数形式跟复数形式; a great deal of 修饰不可数名词修饰不可数名词; a lot of 后面既可以加可数名词后面既可以加可数名词, 也可以也可以加不可数名词加不可数名词; plenty of 后面既可以加可数名词后面既可以加可数名词, 也可以也可以加不可数名词。加不可数名词。

34、11. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.trap 1) 做动词做动词 困住困住, 使陷于困境使陷于困境 如如:Dozens of people were trapped in the building when the fire broke out.Theres no way out! Were trapped!Julia felt trapped in her role of wife and mother. 诱骗诱骗, 诱使诱使 (trap sb into doing sth)”; 夹住

35、夹住, 压扁压扁; 把把储存储存 如如: I was trapped into telling a lie.Take care not to trap your fingers in the door.How can you trap the suns heat?2) trap还可作名词还可作名词, 意为意为“圈套圈套; 陷阱；陷阱；计谋计谋”, 构成的常见短语有：构成的常见短语有：set a trap 设置陷阱设置陷阱fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套落入圈套lay a trap for 为为设下圈套设下圈套fall into the trap of doing sth 做

36、某事不明智做某事不明智keep your trap shut不把不把说出去说出去, 不泄密不泄密 如如:She felt that marriage was a trap.The police set a trap to catch the thief.Dont fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place.Just keep your trap shut, and we wont get into trouble.12. People began to wonder how long the disaster would